Politics

Which statement about popular sovereignty is NOT accurate?

It requires that government and laws be abolished in favor of anarchy.

social democracy

Mostly private ownership but extensive government control

elite democracy

limits the citizens' role to choosing among competing leaders

Citizens

members of a political community with both rights and responsibilities

Authoritarian Government

systems in which the state holds all power over the social order

Power

the ability of one person to get another person to act in accordance with the first person's intentions

Popular Sovereignty

the concept that the citizens are the ultimate source of political power

Rule by military

the military rules the country

Just 6% of people in Mexico are satisfied with the way democracy is working in their country, the smallest share of any country surveyed. t/f

true

People in Vietnam are the most likely to support military rule among the countries surveyed. t/f

true

Support for a strong leader who is unchecked by the judiciary or parliament is highest in India. t/f

true

Trust in the national government is highest in Tanzania. t/f

true

media

various methods for communicating information -television, radio, newspapers and the internet

advanced industrial democracy

a system in which a democratic government allows citizens a considerable amount of personal freedom and maintains a free-market (though still usually regulated) economy

Rule by a strong and virtuous leader

a system in which a strong leader can make decisions w/ interference from parliament or the courts

Totalitarian

a system in which absolute power is exercised over every aspect of life

authoritarian capitalism

a system in which the state allows people economic freedom but maintains stringent social regulations to limit noneconomic behavior

Government

a system or organization for exercising authority over a body of people

pluralist democracy

a theory of democracy that holds that citizen membership in groups is the key to political power

participatory democracy

a theory of democracy that holds that citizens should actively and directly control all aspects of their lives

communist democracy

a utopian system in which property is communally owned and all decisions are made democratically

self interested citizenship

a view of citizenship focused on action to realize an individual citizens interest

public interested citizrnship

a view of citizenship focused on action to realize the common good

legitimate

accepted as "right" or proper

capitalist economy

an economic system in which the market determines production, distribution, and price decisions, and property is privately owned

laissez-faire capitalism

an economic system in which the market makes all decisions and the government as no control; from a French term that means "let people do as they wish"

socialist economy

an economic system in which the state determines production, distribution, and price decisions and property is government owned

Rules

directives that specify how resources will be distributed or what procedures govern collective activity

CLUES stands for:

Consider the source and the audience Lay out the argument and the underlying values and assumptions Uncover the evidence Evaluate the conclusion Sort out the political implications

anarchy

(n) a lack of government and law; individuals do as they please

Direct Democracy

A form of government in which citizens rule directly and not elected officials vote on major national issues to decide what becomes law

Republic

A government in which elected representatives make the decisions

Representative Democracy

A system of government in which citizens elect representatives, or leaders, to make decisions about the laws for all the people.

digital natives

An individual who was born after the advent of digital technology who is proficient in and dependent on its use

What is the key difference between a citizen and a subject?

Citizens have rights as well as obligations, but subjects have only obligations.

Rule by experts

Experts, not elected officials, make decisions according to what they think is best for the country

Which statement accurately describes the difference between authoritarian political systems and nonauthoritarian political systems?

In authoritarian systems, government makes substantive decisions about how people ought to live their lives; whereas in nonauthoritarian systems, government guarantees fair conditions but allows individuals to decide how to live their lives.

According to Barbour & Wright, what are the competing views of citizenship that exist today in the United States?

One view holds that individual participation in government should be limited because human nature is overly self-interested, whereas the other view places faith in people's willingness to act for the common good.

According to Barbour & Wright, while the terms "politics" and "government" are sometime used interchangeably, they refer to different things. What is the relationship between politics and government?

Politics is the process or activity through which power and resources are gained and lost, whereas government is a system for exercising authority over a body of people.

regulated capitalism

Private ownership and some government control -- government intervenes to protect rights and make procedural garantees

Which type of economic system does the United States have?

Regulated capitalism, in which private economic actors (businesses and consumers) have substantial freedom from government interference, but the government regulates the economy to correct market failures and to ensure fair competition and individual rights.

Classical Liberalism

The political ideology dating from the 17th century emphasizing individual rights over the power of the state

According to Barbour & Wright, the major differences among the elitist, pluralist, and participatory narratives about democracy relate to:

The role of the people in decision making.

information bubble

a closed cycle in which all the information we get reinforces the information we already have, solidifying our beliefs without reference to outside reality checks

hashtag activism

a form of political engagement that occurs by organizing individuals online around a particular issue

social democracy

a hybrid system combining a capitalist economy and a government that supports equality

Nonauthoritarian system

citizens decide how to live their lives. government role is limited to procedural guarantees of individual lives examples: US, Sweden, Japan, South Korea, india

Socialism

complete government ownership and control

substantive guarantees

government assurance of particular outcomes or results

procedural guarantees

government assurance that the rules will work smoothly and treat everyone fairly, with no promise of particular outcomes

authroitarian system

government decides how individuals should live their lives and imposes a substantive vision examples: China, North Korea, Cuba, Saudi Arabia

Democracy

government that vests power in the people

subjects

individuals who are obliged to submit to a government authority against which they have no rights

Gatekeeper

journalists and the media elite who determine which news stories are covered and which are not

institution

organizations in which government power is exercised

political narrative

persuasive story about the nature of power, who should have it and how it should be used

Economics

production and distribution of a society's material resources and services

According to Barbour & Wright, politics can be defined as "who gets what when and how." ____________________ can be thought of as the "how" in this definition. They are directives that determine the way resources are allocated, and they provide a framework for solving the problems that our collective lives generate, without resorting to violence.

rules

Norms

rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members

Populism

social movements based on the idea that power has been concentrated illegitmately among elites at the people's expense

Social Contract

the notion that society is based on an agreement between government and the governed in which people agree to give up some rights in exchange for the protection of others

authority

the power or right to give orders, make decisions, and enforce obedience.

Divine Rights of Kings

the principle that earthly rulers receive their authority from God

The theory that a government's authority is based on an agreement between the government and the governed, in which people agree to give up some of their freedom and rights in exchange for the protection of others, is called:

the social contract

Politics

the study of who gets what, when, and how - or how policy decisions are made

social order

the way we organize and live our collective lives

According to Barbour & Wright, what is the most basic obligation of a citizen in a democracy?

to obey the laws

About nine-in-ten Swedes (92%) say representative democracy is a good way of governing their country, the highest share of any country in the survey. T/F

true

Germans are overwhelmingly opposed to rule by the military or by a strong leader. t/f

true