pols 101 ch 7

somewhat more likely to support; Republican

Men in the United States are ________ the ________ Party. a. somewhat more likely to support; Republican b. overwhelmingly committed to; Republican c. somewhat more likely to support; Democratic d. overwhelmingly committed to; Democratic

political action committees.

Private groups that raise and distribute funds for election campaigns are called a. corporations. b. political parties. c. political action committees. d. political consulting firms.

the proportional representation system

Smaller and weaker parties are most likely to have electoral success under which system of elections? a. the unitary system b. the plurality system c. the proportional representation system d. the majority system

donors and amounts contributed do not have to be made public.

The campaign funds raised and spent by 501(c)(4) organizations are called "dark money" because a. they can only be used during nonelection years. b. donors and amounts contributed do not have to be made public. c. they are technically illegal under an unenforced provision of federal campaign finance law. d. they are only used to support candidates from relatively unknown third parties.

education level

What is the most important factor in predicting whether an individual votes? a. religious affiliation b. sexual orientation c. race d. education level

slavery

What issue led to the demise of the Whig Party? a. slavery b. the death of Andrew Jackson c. the admission of California into the Union d. industrialization

a referendum

Which of the following is the best example of direct democracy in the United States? a. retrospective voting b. a referendum c. gerrymandering d. prospective voting

California governor Gray Davis (2003)

Which of the following politicians was recalled from office? a. President Richard Nixon (1972) b. New York City mayor David Dinkins (1993) c. California governor Gray Davis (2003) d. President Warren Harding (1921)

Young people are far less likely to participate in politics than older people.

Which of the following statements about age and political participation is true? a. Both old people and young people participate in politics at a very high level. b. Young people are just as likely to participate in politics as older people. c. Neither young people nor older people participate much in politics. d. Young people are far less likely to participate in politics than older people.

Incumbents generally spend more money than challengers in Senate campaigns.

Which of the following statements about campaign spending in Senate elections is true? a. Incumbents and challengers in Senate campaigns are legally limited to spend only $2 million. b. Incumbents and challengers generally spend the same amount of money in Senate campaigns. c. Incumbents generally spend more money than challengers in Senate campaigns. d. Incumbents generally spend less money than challengers in Senate campaigns.

the current officeholder, running for reelection

Who is an incumbent? a. whoever is leading in the polls on the day of the election b. a candidate who is running against a current officeholder in an election c. the current officeholder, running for reelection d. the candidate who raises the most money during the campaign

somewhat more likely to support; Democratic

Women in the United States are ________ the ________ Party. a. somewhat more likely to support; Democratic b. somewhat more likely to support; Republican c. overwhelmingly committed to; Democratic d. overwhelmingly committed to; Republican

George Washington

_______ warned Americans against the dangers of political parties in his farewell address. a. James Madison b. Thomas Jefferson c. George Washington d. James Monroe

Micro-targeting

____________ is the practice of tailoring campaign messages to individuals in small, homogenous groups. a. Redlining b. Message bundling c. Micro-targeting d. Winnowing

ballot initiative.

A proposed law or policy change that is placed on the ballot by citizens or interest groups for a popular vote is called a a. people's compact. b. grassroots amendment. c. popular directive. d. ballot initiative.

closed primary

A(n) ________ occurs when a voter must be registered with a party prior to voting in that party's election. a. open primary b. closed primary c. majority system d. referendum

It is the practice of referring a proposed law passed by a legislature to the vote of the electorate for approval or rejection.

What is a referendum? a. It is the process by which a party selects its candidates for the general election. b. It is the congressional election held between presidential elections. c. It is the power to remove an elected official from office during the middle of his or her term. d. It is the practice of referring a proposed law passed by a legislature to the vote of the electorate for approval or rejection.

501(c)(4)s.

"Dark money" comes from a. PACs. b. 501(c)(4)s. c. Super PACs. d. 527s.

501(c)(4)s.

"Dark money" comes from a. PACs. b. 527s. c. Super PACs. d. 501(c)(4)s.

the tendency of Republican politicians during the New Deal to support popular programs such as Social Security rather than advocate alternative policies.

"Me too" Republicanism refers to a. an ideology that argues a strong federal government should promote economic equality. b. the tendency of Republican politicians during the New Deal to support popular programs such as Social Security rather than advocate alternative policies. c. the tendency of northern Republican politicians after the Civil War to demand that all federal laws favor the northern states over the southern states. d. the tendency of southern Republican politicians after the Civil War to demand that all federal laws apply equally to the northern and southern states.

may not spend more than half its revenue for political purposes.

A 501(c)(4) a. may not spend more than half its revenue for political purposes. b. is required to disclose exactly how its money is spent. c. may not spend more than 10 percent of its revenue for political purposes. d. is required to disclose where it gets its funds.

identification.

An individual's psychological attachment to one party or another is called a party a. ideology. b. identification. c. opinion. d. tradition.

35

Approximately ________ percent of eligible voters turn out for midterm congressional elections. a. 75 b. 10 c. 35 d. 60

members of Congress.

During midterm elections, voters are selecting a. national-level referendums. b. federal judges. c. the president. d. members of Congress.

the South.

During the early nineteenth century, the Jeffersonian Party's main base of strength was in a. the South. b. the West. c. New England. d. the western territories.

split-ticket voting

If a citizen votes for a Republican for president and a Democrat for senator, he or she has engaged in a. split-ticket voting. b. an open primary. c. the coattail effect. d. a closed primary.

Barry Goldwater

In 1964, Republican Party presidential nominee ________ was in favor of less taxation and less government regulation of the economy—two ideas that became major themes for the modern Republican Party. a. Richard Nixon b. Barry Goldwater c. Ronald Reagan d. Franklin Delano Roosevelt

67

In 2008, about ________ percent of Latino Americans voted for Barack Obama. a. 95 b. 67 c. 20 d. 45

at least 270 electoral votes.

In order to win the presidency, a candidate must win a. at least 270 electoral votes. b. at least 300 electoral votes. c. at least 26 state-level presidential elections. d. a majority of the popular vote.

voters tend to prefer candidates who are closer to themselves in terms of race, ethnicity, religion, gender, geography, and social background.

Politicians attempt to "balance the ticket" with members of many important groups because a. voters tend to prefer candidates who are closer to themselves in terms of race, ethnicity, religion, gender, geography, and social background. b. interest groups frequently engage in direct lobbying to enhance diversity in campaigns. c. the Constitution requires at least minimal levels of representation in election campaigns. d. affirmative action legislation from the 1960s requires proportional representation in all elections.

Republican

Reconstruction after the Civil War was led by the ________ Party. a. Whig b. Free Soil c. Republican d. Democratic

a weak national government, with the states retaining most powers.

The Jeffersonian Republicans were best known for their support of a. a strong national government, with little role for state governments. b. abolishing slavery. c. a weak national government, with the states retaining most powers. d. women's suffrage.

Vietnam War and the issue of civil rights.

The New Deal coalition was severely strained and ultimately broken apart by the a. popularity of Dwight Eisenhower. b. end of the Great Depression. c. Vietnam War and the issue of civil rights. d. political views of Ronald Reagan.

Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010).

The Supreme Court ruled that the government could not restrict independent expenditures by corporations or unions to political campaigns in a. FCC v. Pacifica Foundation (1978). b. Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010). c. Buckley v. Valeo (1976). d. Bush v. Gore (2000).

6

The United States has had ________ party systems since 1789. a. 12 b. 2 c. 9 d. 6

external mobilization.

The establishment of the Republican Party is a good example of a. external mobilization. b. internal mobilization. c. elite bargaining. d. proportional representation.

Independent expenditures

are sums of money spent to influence an election, but the donating organization is not allowed to coordinate with a candidate's official campaign. a. Seed money donations b. Soft money donations c. Hard money donations d. Independent expenditures