POLS CH 10-13
"7. (p. 362) In contrast with the Speaker of the House, the Senate majority leader A. plays a key role in formulating the majority party's legislative positions. B. seeks to develop influential relationships with his
her colleagues. C. is not the presiding officer of his/her chamber. D. holds a position that is defined in the Constitution. E. None of these answers is correct." /C
"3. (p. 319) What technology led editors to substitute news reports for opinion commentary? A. radio B. telegraph C. broadcast TV D. cable TV E. power-driven printing press"
B
"47. (p. 449) ________ is/are most likely to understand trade issues in the United States. A. The president B. Members of the Senate C. Career bureaucrats in the Department of Commerce and the Federal Trade Commission D. Members of the House E. Federal mediators"
/C
"1. (p. 370) If the Rules Committee applies the ""closed rule"" to a bill, A. no amendments will be permitted. B. the bill will not be allowed a vote. C. the bill will require a 2
3 majority for passage. D. no further floor debate is allowed. E. no filibusters will be allowed to prevent a vote." /A
"1. (p. 316) The news provides a refracted version of reality because it A. emphasizes dramatic and compelling news stories. B. is biased in favor of a Republican viewpoint. C. is biased in favor of a Democratic viewpoint. D. is biased in favor of a liberal perspective. E. is biased in favor of a conservative perspective."
A
"10. (p. 444) Policy implementation refers to the bureaucratic function of A. carrying out decisions made by Congress, the president, and the courts. B. regulating the distribution of funds to individuals and corporations. C. delegating legislative authority to smaller operating units of the bureaucracy. D. both regulating the distribution of funds to individuals and corporations, and delegating legislative authority to smaller operating units of the bureaucracy. E. None of these answers is correct."
A
"13. (p. 349) Campaign spending tends to be a much greater challenge for A. challengers and nonincumbents than for incumbents. B. Republican candidates. C. Democratic candidates. D. candidates in urban areas than for candidates in rural areas. E. men than for women."
A
"14. (p. 434) In the late 1800s, rapid economic growth placed new demands on the federal government and led it to A. create new federal departments built around economic interests. B. establish the executive management system. C. reorganize the cabinet in order to make it the center of economic policy making. D. both create new federal departments built around economic interests, and establish the executive management system. E. None of these answers is correct."
A
"15. (p. 346-347) The modern Congress is different from the nineteenth century Congress in that most members A. are now professional politicians who want to stay in Congress. B. are now amateur politicians who want only to spend a short time in Congress. C. are now minorities or women. D. now have previously been governors of their home states. E. return to their respective state legislatures after their congressional service is over."
A
"15. (p. 440) The administrative concept of neutral competence holds that the bureaucracy should A. be staffed by people chosen on the basis of ability and do its work fairly on behalf of all citizens. B. stay out of conflicts between Congress and the president. C. be structured on the basis of the principles of specialization, hierarchy, and formal rules. D. not allow in-fighting between agencies. E. be staffed by partisan presidents."
A
"16. (p. 405) Which of the following presidents failed to win an electoral majority, but still won the presidency by decision of the House of Representatives? A. John Quincy Adams B. Rutherford B. Hayes C. Benjamin Harrison D. George W. Bush E. All these answers are correct."
A
"18. (p. 323) The media perform the signaling role by A. informing the public of breaking events and new developments. B. serving as an open channel for leaders to express their opinions. C. exposing officials who violate accepted performance and moral standards. D. acting as the public's representative. E. All these answers are correct."
A
"20. (p. 363) Most of the legislative work of Congress is performed by A. the standing committees and their subcommittees with jurisdiction over particular policy areas. B. the joint committees chosen to coordinate actions between the two chambers of Congress. C. the select committees chosen to study special problems on a temporary basis. D. the steering committees that decide how the party stands on particular bills. E. party leaders in both chambers."
A
"21. (p. 328) Which institution receives the most news coverage from the national press? A. the presidency B. U.S. House of Representatives C. U.S. Senate D. U.S. Supreme Court E. the federal bureaucracy"
A
"21. (p. 449-450) The special interests that benefit directly from a bureaucratic agency's programs are called A. clientele groups. B. pressure groups. C. entitlement groups. D. programmatic groups. E. recipient groups."
A
"24. (p. 458) When an individual believes that he or she was improperly disadvantaged by a bureaucrat's decision and contests the decision, the dispute is usually handled by A. an administrative law judge. B. a congressional oversight committee. C. a federal appeals court. D. a departmental or agency adjudication office. E. the Supreme Court."
A
"25. (p. 322) The reason the news product is designed to fascinate as well as to inform is because A. news organizations are fundamentally businesses and must obtain revenue to survive. B. of the high level of illiteracy. C. the print media wish to emulate the broadcast media. D. of the need to compete with Hollywood productions. E. All these answers are correct."
A
"25. (p. 375) Congress typically takes presidential proposals A. only as a starting point. B. only if the dominant party is the same as the president's party. C. and most often fast-tracks them into law. D. and tables them until they expire. E. None of these answers is correct."
A
"26. (p. 457) Legally, the bureaucracy derives general authority for its programs from A. acts of Congress. B. federalism. C. regulatory rulings. D. court rulings. E. the will of the people."
A
"28. (p. 320) Which of the following statements is true? A. Objective journalism is based on communication of facts and fairness. B. Yellow journalism attempts to describe what is taking place or has occurred. C. The New York Post is the bulletin board of major newspapers. D. Objective journalism is based on communication of facts and fairness, while yellow journalism attempts to describe what is taking place or has occurred. E. None of these answers is correct."
A
"28. (p. 374) Most members of Congress are A. concerned with national issues, but even more concerned with local ones. B. controlled by special interest groups. C. interested only in the work of the subcommittee on which they serve. D. opposed to the seniority system. E. more interested in oversight than in making laws."
A
"3. (p. 348) Legislation whose tangible benefits are targeted solely at a particular legislator's constituency is A. pork-barrel legislation. B. logrolling. C. gerrymandering. D. private legislation. E. public interest legislation."
A
"3. (p. 437) Whenever Congress has a perceived need for ongoing control of an economic activity, it has tended to create a A. regulatory agency. B. cabinet department. C. presidential commission. D. government corporation. E. blue ribbon panel."
A
"30. (p. 334) One special contribution of Internet-based news is that it A. provides the ordinary citizen with an opportunity to be part of the news system. B. provides much faster reporting. C. offers more unbiased reporting. D. prevents rampant editorializing. E. is more accessible by a larger audience than television or radio news reporting."
A
"31. (p. 383) What is the biggest reason that Congress does not vigorously pursue its oversight function? A. the sheer magnitude of the task B. its inadequacy as a means to control the bureaucracy C. its inadequacy as a means to control the power of the president D. its inadequacy as a way to generate publicity for members of Congress E. its inadequacy as a means to control the judiciary"
A
"32. (p. 320) Yellow journalism contributed to public support for the A. Spanish-American War. B. Civil War. C. War of 1812. D. Mexican War of 1848. E. American Revolution."
A
"32. (p. 372) Which of the following is one of the three major functions of Congress's policymaking role? A. lawmaking B. check the president C. appease special interests D. inform the people E. check the Supreme Court"
A
"33. (p. 368) Bills are formally introduced in Congress by A. members of Congress only. B. executive agencies. C. interest groups. D. the Supreme Court. E. All these answers are correct."
A
"34. (p. 363, 369) Most of the work on legislation in Congress is done A. by committees and their respective subcommittees. B. on the floor of the House and Senate. C. by conference committees. D. by the president. E. by bureaucratic agencies."
A
"35. (p. 320-321) The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has regulatory oversight over which of the following? A. radio B. cable TV C. Internet content D. newspapers E. All these answers are correct."
A
"35. (p. 426-427) A president's policy initiatives are significantly more successful when the president A. has the strong support of the American people. B. is a former member of Congress. C. is on good terms with other world leaders. D. is in office when the economy goes bad, which creates a demand for stronger leadership. E. None of these answers is correct."
A
"36. (p. 445) The chief way that administrative agencies exercise power over policy is through A. rulemaking, or deciding how a law will operate in practice. B. judicial interpretation, or mandating the constitutionality or unconstitutionality of a new statute. C. hiring and firing government personnel in the name of efficiency and effectiveness. D. testifying before Congress on the merits or demerits of a proposed regulation or law. E. None of these answers is correct."
A
"39. (p. 420) Congress authorized an official impeachment investigation of A. Andrew Johnson. B. John Quincy Adams. C. Theodore Roosevelt. D. Warren Harding. E. Calvin Coolidge."
A
"40. (p. 426) In the modern era, the equivalent practice of using the presidency as a bully pulpit (Theodore Roosevelt) could best be summed up in the phrase, ""________"". A. going public B. spin control C. air wars D. lobbying the bureaucracy E. manipulating the media"
A
"41. (p. 316) Among the following, the news media are usually guided by events that A. are timely. B. affect small numbers of people. C. occur in other countries. D. happen to ordinary citizens. E. are complicated to report."
A
"41. (p. 426) ________ was known as the ""Great Communicator"". A. Ronald Reagan B. George H. W. Bush C. Jimmy Carter D. Lyndon Johnson E. George W. Bush"
A
"42. (p. 318) Historically, the American press has shifted from A. a political to a journalistic orientation. B. objectivity to subjectivity. C. a journalistic to a political orientation. D. partisan to very partisan. E. negative to positive."
A
"43. (p. 321) During the era of objective journalism, the commitment of newspapers to two-sided news reporting A. did not extend to their editorializing. B. was enshrined in the editorial section. C. was uniform throughout the sections of a newspaper. D. deteriorated democracy in the United States. E. All these answers are correct."
A
"43. (p. 394) What did the Supreme Court rule about executive agreements in 1937? A. They are legally binding in the same way that treaties are. B. They can only be issued in matters of national security. C. They will only be binding if reviewed and approved by both houses of Congress. D. They can only be made with the approval of a president's entire cabinet. E. They were ruled unconstitutional and are no longer used by the executive."
A
"45. (p. 400) What aspect of presidential election did Andrew Jackson try but fail to achieve? A. elimination of the Electoral College B. elimination of candidate selection by primary C. elimination of the unit rule D. the equalization of Electoral College votes, eliminating population as a factor E. an increase in the number of presidential candidates per party"
A
"46. (p. 416) A president is likely to propose the most new programs A. during his or her first year in office. B. after reelection to a second term. C. immediately after Congress enacts a major presidential initiative. D. when international conditions are stable. E. during his or her last year in office."
A
"47. (p. 405) States that apply the unit rule A. grant all their electoral votes as a unit to the candidate who wins the state's popular vote. B. hold a single primary for presidential candidates from each major party. C. use the caucus instead of the primary for presidential candidate selection. D. do not use the Electoral College system. E. are not considered to be states in which there is a competitive race between candidates."
A
"49. (p. 442) At the start of the annual budget cycle, the OMB assigns each agency a budget limit based on A. the president's directives. B. its own projections of what is affordable. C. the Justice Department's instructions. D. Congressional guidelines. E. the guidelines of the Commerce Department."
A
"5. (p. 320) Objective journalism is based on the idea that the reporter's job is to A. report the facts and cover alternative sides of a partisan debate. B. report what political leaders want them to report. C. discover what other reporters are saying and provide a uniform interpretation of events. D. scrutinize the partisan debate, and inform the news audience about which party has the better argument. E. All these answers are correct."
A
"50. (p. 454) Why does the head of the Social Security Administration (SSA) have less policy influence than the head of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC)? A. because the SSA operates under fixed rules than cannot be altered based on circumstances B. because the SSA budget is much smaller than the FTC budget C. because the SSA is an independent agency and the FTC is a presidential commission D. because the SSA has fewer clientele groups than the FTC E. because the SSA affects a smaller portion of the population than FTC policies"
A
"6. (p. 437) Federal regulatory agencies have responsibility primarily in the area of A. economic policy. B. social welfare policy. C. foreign and defense policy. D. law enforcement policy. E. environmental policy."
A
"7. (p. 401) Candidate strategy in the early presidential nominating contests (such as New Hampshire's primary) is designed chiefly to gain A. momentum. B. the support of the party's organizational leaders. C. the support of the party's congressional leaders. D. the endorsement of the mass media. E. the support of partisan rivals."
A
"7. (p. 437) Regulatory agencies have A. administrative, legislative, and judicial functions. B. legislative and executive functions, but no judicial functions. C. adjudicative and law enforcement functions. D. multilateral, law enforcement, and executive functions. E. All these answers are correct."
A
"8. (p. 439) Most federal employees are hired on the basis of A. merit criteria. B. patronage. C. previous job experience in the private sector. D. the personal preferences of immediate supervisors. E. a lottery system."
A
"9. (p. 365) When the House and Senate pass different versions of a bill, the differences are resolved by a A. conference committee. B. standing committee. C. select committee. D. rules committee. E. joint committee."
A
"10. (p. 329) The term ""framing"" is used to describe the A. media's ability to influence what is on people's minds. B. process of selecting certain aspects of reality and making them the most salient part of the communication, thereby conveying a particular interpretation of a situation. C. media's obligation to convey a uniform and standard interpretation of a situation. D. nature of media reporting when objectivity has weakened and the system has tilted in favor of yellow journalism. E. primary right of the media that is protected by the First Amendment."
B
"10. (p. 364) Committee staffs within Congress A. concentrate on constituency relations. B. perform an almost entirely legislative function. C. concentrate on public relations. D. split their time between legislative functions and public relations. E. are devoted to logistical functions and committee public relations."
B
"12. (p. 320) The FCC's equal time requirement A. includes the print media. B. prohibits broadcasters from selling or giving time to political candidates and denying it to their opponents. C. requires broadcasters to give equal time to the two major political parties. D. requires broadcasters to give equal time to news programming and to commercial advertising. E. requires broadcasters to give equal time to third parties as well as the Democrats and Republicans."
B
"13. (p. 393) The presidency was created by Article ________ of the U.S. Constitution. A. I B. II C. III D. IV E. VII"
B
"13. (p. 439) When it was developed during the Jackson administration, the patronage system was designed to A. provide jobs to merit appointees. B. tie the administration more closely to the people it served. C. increase congressional control of the bureaucracy. D. increase judicial control of the bureaucracy. E. provide jobs to lawyers."
B
"14. (p. 405) According to the U.S. Constitution, if no one candidate receives a majority vote of the Electoral College, who chooses the president? A. the U.S. Senate B. the U.S. House of Representatives C. both the Senate and House in joint session D. the Supreme Court E. the people, in a runoff election"
B
"15. (p. 330) At which of the following times did the American media step back from their watchdog role? A. after the Korean War B. during the Vietnam War C. after the September 11th terrorist attacks D. at the height of the Iraq War E. during Obama's proposed elevation of the Afghanistan War"
B
"16. (p. 331) How has the Internet affected the watchdog role of the media? A. It has diluted the watchdog capacity with an overflow of opinions. B. It has expanded the watchdog capacity of the media. C. It has tainted the watchdog role with a partisan bent. D. It has almost completely usurped the watchdog role from the traditional media outlets. E. It has had little to no effect because it lacks the objective standards of traditional media outlets."
B
"18. (p. 386) Because of the inherent tension in Congress between the need for strong leadership at the top and the individual congressional member's need to act according to local concerns, A. Congress is unable to take effective action to counter the growth in the power of the president. B. power in the Congress is widely dispersed. C. power in the Congress is highly centralized in the Speaker and Senate president pro tempore. D. members of Congress prefer to address international issues because the tension between local and national issues is less substantial in this situation. E. Congress has been unable to take effective action to counter the growth in the power of the Supreme Court."
B
"18. (p. 406) Which of the following states gives one Electoral College vote to the winner of each congressional district and two Electoral College votes to the statewide winner? A. Texas B. Maine C. New York D. New Hampshire E. Iowa"
B
"18. (p. 440) Which of the following is true of federal employees and labor unions? A. Federal employees are prohibited from forming labor unions. B. Federal employees can form labor unions, but their unions by law have limited authority. C. There are no restrictions on the creation and powers of labor unions by federal employees. D. Among federal employees, only members of federal corporations can legally form labor unions. E. Federal employees can form labor unions but are not allowed to participate in collective bargaining."
B
"19. (p. 340) In terms of news consumption, since the 1980s young adults A. have been more informed than older ones. B. have been less informed than older ones. C. have experienced a rise in news consumption because of the Internet. D. have experienced a rise in news consumption because of cable news channels. E. have remained on par with older adults in terms of news consumption."
B
"19. (p. 363) Senators are generally less likely to take directions from their leaders than House members because A. senators are prohibited by their state legislatures from taking orders from others. B. senators think of themselves as being equals and are only willing to be led by persuasion. C. senators are more highly paid than House members and are thus immune from financial threats. D. House rules mandate that all party members on major bills must vote according to the directions of their leaders. E. All these answers are correct."
B
"19. (p. 460) About three in every five managerial and professional positions in the federal bureaucracy are held by A. women. B. white males. C. African Americans. D. Latino Americans. E. Asian Americans."
B
"2. (p. 393) Congress has formally declared war ________ times in U.S. history. A. 2 B. 5 C. 55 D. 200 E. 6,500"
B
"22. (p. 370) Through a vote for cloture, the Senate A. confirms presidential appointees. B. can end a filibuster. C. overrides a presidential pocket veto. D. accepts the House version of a bill. E. closes its legislative session for the year."
B
"22. (p. 403) Which of the following is NOT true of the 2004 presidential election? A. Howard Dean did not accept federal matching funds in the primaries. B. John Kerry accepted federal matching funds in the primaries. C. George W. Bush did not accept federal matching funds in the primaries. D. None of the three candidates (Dean, Kerry, and Bush) accepted federal matching funds in the primaries. E. None of these answers is correct."
B
"22. (p. 460) Which of the following is true of the federal government's demographic representativeness? A. Because the federal government has reduced efforts to specifically promote women and minorities, the proportion of white males that hold top administration positions has increased in recent years. B. If all employees are taken into account, the federal bureaucracy comes reasonably close to being representative of the nation's population. C. Women and minorities are better represented in Congress and the judiciary than they are among the top ranks of administrators. D. The concept of a demographically representative civil service was first endorsed by President Reagan in 1984. E. There has been much more improvement in the representation of minorities in the civil service than in the representation of women."
B
"23. (p. 323) Agenda-setting is an action that falls under which of the major roles played by the press? A. common-carrier B. signaling C. watchdog D. partisan advocate E. news interpreter"
B
"23. (p. 405) Whereas today candidates rely on the media, previously they based their campaigns on the A. work of grass-roots organizers. B. party organizations. C. mass mailing of campaign literature. D. staging of personal appearances. E. efforts of friendly civilian and corporate group efforts."
B
"23. (p. 455) In terms of holding the bureaucracy accountable, the most important unit within the Executive Office of the President is the A. Office of Policy Development. B. Office of Management and Budget. C. Council of Economic Advisors. D. White House Office. E. Office of the Vice President."
B
"24. (p. 373) Congress's inability to consistently provide leadership on broad national issues is due to A. the lack of talented leadership in Congress. B. the fragmented nature of Congress. C. constitutional restrictions on Congress's lawmaking powers. D. the constant threat of a presidential veto. E. opposition from the mass media."
B
"27. (p. 374) In initiating broad legislative proposals, the president enjoys all the following advantages over Congress EXCEPT A. the president being more likely to take a national perspective on policy issues. B. the president being granted more authority by the Constitution in the area of lawmaking. C. the president's actions receiving more attention from the national media. D. the president having the authority to make policy decisions even when there are conflicting views within the executive branch, while congressional leaders cannot impose their views on other members who disagree with them. E. a lack of fragmentation."
B
"27. (p. 422) Which of the following was a provision of the War Powers Act? A. It prohibits the president from sending troops into combat. B. It requires hostilities to end within sixty days unless Congress extends the period. C. It requires Congress to consult with the president whenever feasible before passing measures that will restrict president-ordered military action. D. It requires the president to inform Congress within one month of the reason for the military action. E. It removes from Congress the power to restrict the timing or size of president-initiated military actions."
B
"29. (p. 385) By and large, partisanship is A. irrelevant to the work of Congress. B. a huge source of both cohesion and division within Congress. C. relevant only in the context of local representation. D. important in lawmaking and representation but not in oversight. E. more important in foreign policy than in domestic policy."
B
"29. (p. 390) A president's accomplishments have largely depended on A. the margin of victory in the presidential campaign. B. whether circumstances favor strong presidential leadership. C. the president's ability to come up with good ideas. D. the president's skill at balancing the demands of competing groups. E. mid-term elections."
B
"29. (p. 436) The cabinet department with the largest number of full-time civilian employees is the Department of A. State. B. Defense. C. Labor. D. Health and Human Services. E. Education."
B
"3. (p. 396) The Whig theory holds that the presidency A. is a shared office where the president and the cabinet are equally powerful. B. is a limited office whose occupant is confined to the exercise of expressly granted constitutional powers. C. is the office most representative of the people. D. should provide strong leadership in the area of foreign policy but not in domestic policy. E. is subordinate to the Supreme Court."
B
"30. (p. 416) The honeymoon period occurs during A. a president's second term only. B. the first part of a president's term. C. the period of a president's term immediately following a successful foreign policy initiative. D. the period of a president's term immediately following a successful domestic policy initiative. E. the State of the Union address."
B
"30. (p. 448) Regarding the educational background of bureaucrats, high-ranking civil servants in continental Europe, compared to American bureaucrats, tend to have a college major specializing in A. natural sciences and engineering. B. law. C. social sciences and the humanities. D. business management. E. journalism."
B
"31. (p. 416) Political scientist Aaron Wildavsky's ""two presidencies"" thesis holds that a president is likely to be most successful with Congress on policy initiatives involving A. social welfare policy. B. foreign policy. C. tax policy. D. economic policy. E. environmental policy."
B
"31. (p. 457) The courts have tended to support administrators as long as their agencies A. choose rules that save money. B. can apply a reasonable interpretation of a statute. C. follow what the president demands of them. D. have adequate funding. E. don't come into conflict with state governments."
B
"34. (p. 327) The traditional media have ""softened"" their news by A. infusing it with more partisan talk shows. B. infusing it with more stories about celebrities, crime, and the like. C. infusing it with more coverage of international affairs. D. focusing on editorials instead of nonpartisan facts. E. None of these answers is correct."
B
"34. (p. 427) Which of the following describes what political scientist Hugh Heclo calls ""the illusion of presidential government""? A. the inability of the president to influence the legislative priorities of Congress, even though the party in power pays lip-service to the president's agenda B. the presidential image-building through public relations that contributes to the idea that the president is in charge of the national government C. the belief by the public that Congress should follow the presidential agenda, regardless of whether or not the majority part is the same party of the president D. the image-building that the president's foreign policy strength lends to the rest of his agenda E. the image strength lent by the sheer size of the executive establishment, even though the president has little direct control over most of it"
B
"34. (p. 435) The number of employees in the federal bureaucracy is about ________. A. 10 million B. 2.5 million C. 5 million D. 700,000 E. 1 million"
B
"35. (p. 370) The scheduling of bills in the Senate is left up to A. the Senate Scheduling Committee. B. the Senate majority leader. C. each of the Senate committees. D. the Senate historian. E. the Senate parliamentarian."
B
"35. (p. 452) Which of the following was the most recent broad initiative aimed at making the bureaucracy more responsive? A. the Brownlow Commission B. the National Performance Review C. the Hoover Commission D. the Volcker Commission E. None of these answers is correct."
B
"36. (p. 374) News media coverage of Congress and the president is A. about equal in amount. B. heavily tilted toward presidential coverage. C. largely focused on Congress and its members. D. typically focused on areas where there is consensus between the two institutions. E. typically focused on areas where the House as opposed to the Senate is the leading chamber."
B
"37. (p. 338) Which of the following characteristics does the Internet have that traditional media lack? A. the ability to take partisan viewpoints B. the ability to allow readers to interact with news reporting C. the ability to exercise rights of the First Amendment D. the ability to report instantaneously on news items E. All these answers are correct."
B
"37. (p. 373) There are currently ________ voting members of the U.S. House of Representatives and ________ voting members of the U.S. Senate. A. 535; 100 B. 435; 100 C. 150; 31 D. 300; 100 E. 600; 300"
B
"37. (p. 450) The importance of clientele groups was especially clear in 1995 when House Speaker Newt Gingrich threatened to ""zero out"" funding for the A. Social Security System. B. Corporation for Public Broadcasting. C. Department of Agriculture. D. drug education program administered by Health and Human Services. E. U.S. Postal Service."
B
"38. (p. 370) What is the strategy employed in the Senate to prevent a bill from coming to a vote? A. mark up B. filibuster C. cloture D. pocket veto E. conference committee"
B
"38. (p. 439) Amtrak is an example of a(n) A. cabinet department. B. government corporation. C. independent agency. D. regulatory agency. E. presidential commission."
B
"39. (p. 323) On-the-scene coverage of a natural disaster is an example of the press's role of A. watchdog. B. signaler. C. partisan advocate. D. common-carrier. E. interpreter."
B
"39. (p. 372) For a bill to pass in either chamber of Congress, it must A. receive the support of a third of its members. B. receive the support of a simple majority of its members. C. receive the support of two-thirds of its members. D. be passed within two weeks of its passage by the other chamber. E. be passed within a month of its passage by the other chamber."
B
"4. (p. 320) The yellow journalism of the late nineteenth century was characterized by A. the use of the telegraph. B. the emphasis on sensationalism as a way of selling newspapers. C. prejudice against Asian people and countries. D. an unwillingness to take editorial positions because of a fear of losing circulation. E. the desire to present the news in an objective manner."
B
"4. (p. 398) The president's role in foreign policy increased largely because A. Congress proved so inept in foreign affairs that the American people demanded a change. B. America became more of a world power. C. of the need to coordinate national economic policy and foreign policy, a task to which the presidency was well suited. D. of the desire of U.S. business to expand into Latin America and Asia, which required executive action at the highest level. E. of attitudes held by the American public."
B
"4. (p. 437) Which of the following statements does NOT correctly describe the typical independent agency? A. It has a more narrow area of responsibility than that of cabinet departments. B. Its head is appointed by an independent commission. C. It is divided into a number of smaller operating units. D. It exists independently of cabinet departments. E. Its head is appointed by the president."
B
"40. (p. 327) During what decade did the American network news audience change from a growing to a shrinking one? A. the 1960s B. the 1980s C. the 1990s D. the 1970s E. The audience has not yet begun to shrink."
B
"40. (p. 372) The dominant policymaking political institution during most of the nineteenth century was A. the president and the executive branch. B. Congress. C. the Supreme Court. D. the bureaucracy. E. the mass media."
B
"40. (p. 442) Upon reaching Congress, what first happens to the president's budget proposal? A. It is subjected to floor debate. B. It goes to the House and Senate budget committees. C. It is reviewed by the Office of Management and Budget. D. It is marked up by the full Senate before moving to the House. E. It is referred to the House and Senate appropriations committees."
B
"41. (p. 370) Defining the conditions and scheduling a bill for floor debate in the House of Representatives is the responsibility of the A. Ways and Means Committee. B. Rules Committee. C. Budget Committee. D. Appropriations Committee. E. Judiciary Committee."
B
"41. (p. 432) Bureaucracy is best characterized in terms of A. inefficiency, inflexibility, and red tape. B. hierarchy, specialization, and rules. C. honesty, efficiency, and patronage. D. corruption, incompetence, and spoils. E. waste, red tape, and lack of rules."
B
"43. (p. 368) Since the founding of the United States, the debate over the representation function of Congress has centered on whether A. key decisions should be made by a small number of representatives in committee or by the whole membership in floor debate. B. the primary concern of a representative should be the interests of the nation or of his or her constituency. C. congressional or presidential authority should dominate on broad issues. D. the House or the Senate is more responsive to the public. E. the House or the Senate should take the lead on foreign policy issues."
B
"48. (p. 365) A bill has been approved in the House and Senate, albeit in slightly different versions. The bill now goes to A. the president for his or her veto or signature. B. a conference committee. C. the standing committees in the House and Senate where the bill originated. D. the House Rules Committee. E. the Senate Rules Committee."
B
"49. (p. 357) What percentage of state legislators are women? A. less than 5 percent B. more than 20 percent C. about 50 percent D. about 60 percent E. more than 40 percent"
B
"5. (p. 410) Which of the following is true of the vice presidency? A. Presidents in the nineteenth century paid more attention to their vice presidents and granted them more authority. B. The Constitution assigns no executive authority to the vice president. C. Jimmy Carter reduced the power of the vice presidency by removing the vice president's office from the White House. D. The constitutional powers of the vice presidency have been increased by Congress twice during U.S. history. E. Daniel Webster and Henry Clay accepted nominations to the vice presidency as stepping stones to the presidency."
B
"8. (p. 321) The federal government's licensing of broadcasting is based primarily on A. the fact that broadcasting is a national medium. B. the scarcity of broadcasting frequencies. C. the fact that broadcasting was invented after the First Amendment was adopted. D. the desire of national officials to control the content of broadcast news and entertainment. E. a desire to censor reporters so that they will stop criticizing governmental officials."
B
"9. (p. 440) Federal civil service employees cannot legally A. be fired from their jobs. B. go on strike. C. belong to a union. D. be restricted in their election activities. E. contribute to political campaigns."
B
"11. (p. 355) One must be ________ years of age to serve in the U.S. House of Representatives, and ________ years of age to serve in the U.S. Senate. A. 18; 21 B. 21; 25 C. 25; 30 D. 35; 45 E. 40; 50"
C
"12. (p. 360) The second-most powerful federal official (after the president) is often said to be the A. chair of the House Appropriations Committee. B. president pro tempore of the U.S. Senate. C. Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. D. chair of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. E. Senate majority leader."
C
"12. (p. 440) As distinct from the patronage system, the merit system for managing the bureaucracy A. allows the president to appoint top officials of executive agencies, thus making the bureaucracy more responsive to election outcomes. B. provides for presidential leadership of the bureaucracy, thus giving it greater coordination and direction. C. provides for a neutral administration in the sense that civil servants are not partisan appointees, thus ensuring evenhanded work. D. provides that all programs will be evaluated regularly to determine whether they merit continued funding. E. All these answers are correct."
C
"13. (p. 338) What development brought about a dramatic reduction in television's capacity to generate an interest in news? A. an increase in newspaper circulation B. the loss of objective journalistic standards C. the rapid spread of cable D. the rise of Internet news consumption E. a drop in education levels in the United States"
C
"14. (p. 326) One of the reasons the reporting of national news is relatively uniform among news sources is that A. the government dictates much of what is reported. B. there are only a few important events each day that merit news coverage. C. the network newscasts are brief and the day's top stories tend to dominate. D. reporters are not given much freedom by their editors. E. modern journalists have become fairly lazy and use mostly wire reports to create news copy for the network newscasts."
C
"14. (p. 346) In the nation's first century, A. service in Congress was even more of a lifetime career than it is now. B. members of Congress would move from House to Senate and back with little concern for the relative power and prestige of the chambers. C. service in Congress was not seen as a lifetime career for most of its members. D. service in Congress was restricted by the imposition of term limits in many states. E. service in Congress was greatly preferred to service in state government."
C
"16. (p. 447) Bureaucrats tend to follow A. the wishes of the president. B. the wishes of Congress. C. their own agency's point of view. D. the expectations of the general public. E. the wishes of federal judges."
C
"17. (p. 326) In contrast with European news media, American news media are more likely to A. guide readers by providing ideological interpretations of current events. B. play a partisan role by taking sides in political debate. C. act primarily as neutral transmitters of information. D. use yellow journalism. E. None of these answers is correct."
C
"17. (p. 367) Which one of the following statements about the seniority principle is most accurate? A. The seniority principle is based on the length of time the member has spent in Congress. B. Because of seniority, committee chairs exercise absolute power over their committees. C. Seniority is no longer absolute in the selection of committee chairs, but it is usually followed. D. Seniority is no longer used at all in the choice of committee chairs. E. Seniority is used in the Democratic Party, but not the Republican Party."
C
"17. (p. 400) After which party convention did the Democrats force major changes in the presidential nominating process? A. 1948 B. 1960 C. 1968 D. 1984 E. 1992"
C
"19. (p. 408) Which one of the following did NOT serve as a state governor prior to being president? A. Ronald Reagan B. Bill Clinton C. John Kennedy D. George W. Bush E. Jimmy Carter"
C
"2. (p. 318) In comparison with today's newspapers, early American newspapers A. were written by hand. B. were so inexpensive that nearly everyone read a daily paper. C. could not have survived without political party support. D. were more widely read. E. All these answers are correct."
C
"2. (p. 348) Congressional staffers spend most of their time on A. constituency service and legislative matters. B. legislative matters. C. constituency service and public relations. D. legislative matters and constituency service. E. public relations."
C
"2. (p. 435) Compared to the president and Congress, the bureaucracy A. is held in higher esteem by the public. B. is authorized by a constitutional amendment rather than by the original Constitution. C. has a more direct impact on the daily lives of Americans. D. has changed very little during the nation's history. E. is more easily controlled by the voters."
C
"20. (p. 449) Bureaucrats are ________ and elected officials are ________. A. generalists; specialists B. generalists; generalists C. specialists; generalists D. specialists; specialists E. popular; unpopular"
C
"21. (p. 378) Which nation does NOT have a one-house dominant legislature? A. Canada B. Germany C. the United States D. Great Britain E. None of these answers is correct, as all these nations have one-house dominant legislatures."
C
"21. (p. 407-408) Which of the following is a formal constitutional requirement for becoming president? A. must be at least 40 years of age B. must be a resident in the United States for at least 10 years C. must be a natural-born citizen D. must be a white male E. must be a Protestant"
C
"22. (p. 330) The Watergate scandal illustrates the A. futility of media attempts to forecast political events. B. inadequacy of the media as a common-carrier to the public. C. power of the media to serve as watchdog to safeguard against abuses of power. D. ability of the press to serve as the public's representative in political disputes. E. abuse of power by journalists in the United States."
C
"24. (p. 329) Which of the following is one of the two major advantages of journalists in covering the political game and strategic aspects of news instead of the policy frame? A. Government leaders are more interested in portraying their political views than their policy accomplishments. B. Government leaders give journalists less access to the policy sphere. C. The reporting of policy positions is too simplified. D. The political game is a constant source of fresh material. E. The reporting of policy is less readily adaptable to editorial pages."
C
"25. (p. 458) The Senior Executive Service (SES) A. is composed of civil employees that can be fired more easily than normal career civil servants. B. was designed to combat abuse of the patronage system. C. is composed of civil employees that can be assigned by the president to any position within the bureaucracy. D. has been more successful in practice than its proponents anticipated. E. assigns most of its senior executives to work within a different agency than the one in which they originally worked."
C
"26. (p. 333) On both radio and television, most successful partisan talk shows A. have been hosted by liberals. B. have been hosted by nonpartisan journalists. C. have been hosted by conservatives. D. have been hosted by teams of journalists holding multiple partisan viewpoints. E. have had no discernible political bias."
C
"26. (p. 358) In the 1970s, roll-call votes A. generally demonstrated the power of incumbents. B. generally demonstrated an increase in party loyalty. C. generally did not pit most Republicans against most Democrats. D. were less common than voice votes. E. were generally not used to record each member's vote."
C
"28. (p. 390) The presidency is an A. extraordinarily strong office with sufficient powers to enable the president to control national policy under virtually all circumstances. B. inherently weak office, in that presidents have almost no capacity to influence the major directions of national policy. C. office in which power is conditional, depending on whether the political support that gives force to presidential leadership exists or can be developed. D. office where power depends almost entirely on its occupant; strong leaders are always successful presidents, and weak ones never succeed. E. office where power is fairly constant, regardless of the occupant or the circumstances."
C
"31. (p. 320) The circulation battle of which two newspapers may have contributed to the outbreak of the Spanish-American War? A. Chicago Tribune and Boston Herald B. Los Angeles Times and New York Times C. New York Journal and New York World D. Gazette of the United States and National Gazette E. San Francisco Examiner and New York Journal"
C
"33. (p. 320) ________ once said, ""You furnish the pictures and I'll furnish the war"". A. Joseph Pulitzer B. Theodore Roosevelt C. William Randolph Hearst D. Woodrow Wilson E. William McKinley"
C
"38. (p. 420) During 2006, the year before Democrats took back control of Congress, George W. Bush A. broke most of his campaign promises. B. enjoyed Republican majorities in both houses of Congress. C. had a congressional success rate of more than 80 percent. D. had a 37 percent success rate with Congress. E. None of these answers is correct."
C
"39. (p. 443) What happens to the president's budget if it is approved by a vote of the House and Senate? A. It is reviewed by the Office of Management and Budget. B. It has reached its final approval and is implemented. C. It is sent to the president to sign or veto. D. It is given to the president for any further executive changes to be added. E. It is referred to the House and Senate appropriations committees for implementation."
C
"4. (p. 354) Compared to House incumbents, Senate incumbents are more likely to face the problem of A. raising enough money to run a strong campaign. B. an electorate that is inclined to judge their fitness for reelection in the context of pork-barrel legislation and other favors for the local community. C. a strong challenger. D. name recognition. E. All these answers are correct."
C
"42. (p. 358) Which of the following statements is true? A. Political parties are unimportant in the organization of the U.S. Congress. B. Party-line voting rarely occurs in Congress. C. Party-line voting has increased in recent years. D. Partisanship makes virtually no difference in the votes cast in Congress. E. None of these answers is correct."
C
"42. (p. 420) How many presidents have been impeached in U.S. history? A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3 E. 4"
C
"44. (p. 327) Which of the following does NPR serve as an example of? A. the beneficial role of the ""equal time"" provision of the Communications Act B. the economic dominance of partisan network media C. the one true success story of public broadcasting D. the increasing role that entertainment stories are playing in traditional news reporting E. the rising power of Internet blogging and independent reporting"
C
"44. (p. 379) The trading of votes between members of Congress so that each gets the legislation he or she wants is called A. gerrymandering. B. pandering. C. logrolling. D. pork-barreling. E. cloturing."
C
"44. (p. 451) Studies have found that the U.S. federal bureaucracy A. becomes far less effective as it grows over time. B. is much less accountable than the bureaucracies of European democracies. C. compares favorably in performance to government bureaucracies elsewhere. D. is one of the least representative of minorities compared to others worldwide. E. falls far short of the effectiveness of most foreign bureaucracies."
C
"45. (p. 334-335) The ""long tail"" is a phenomenon related to the A. partisan flavor of talk shows. B. degree of editorializing by broadcast news. C. rate of Internet news readership. D. increase in the age gap of news readership E. partisan nature of Internet news."
C
"48. (p. 405) If the U.S. House of Representatives chooses to impeach a president, who conducts the trial? A. the U.S. Supreme Court B. the U.S. House of Representatives C. the U.S. Senate D. the Federal Bureau of Investigation E. the Department of Justice"
C
"48. (p. 440) The ________ established a merit system for certain federal positions. A. Morrill Act B. Hatch Act C. Pendleton Act D. Taft-Hartley Act E. National Performance Review"
C
"49. (p. 405) The only two states that are exceptions to the unit rule are A. Michigan and Montana. B. New Hampshire and Vermont. C. Maine and Nebraska. D. Georgia and Louisiana. E. Rhode Island and Oregon."
C
"6. (p. 400) The primary election as a means of choosing presidential nominees A. was introduced during the Jacksonian era. B. is used in Europe as well as in the United States. C. has been used more extensively in recent decades, such that the candidate who dominates the primaries can usually expect to receive the nomination. D. is designed to strengthen the political parties. E. was introduced during the Cleveland era."
C
"1. (p. 395) The president's constitutional roles, such as chief executive and commander in chief, A. are based on very precise constitutional grants of power. B. are rooted in tradition only; they have no basis in the language of the Constitution. C. are not subject to check by Congress. D. have expanded in practice to be more powerful than the writers of the Constitution intended. E. are absolute powers under the Constitution."
D
"1. (p. 432) Which of the following is a principle of bureaucratic organization? A. hierarchical authority B. job specialization C. formalized rules D. hierarchical authority, job specialization, and formalized rules E. None of these answers is correct."
D
"11. (p. 327) Which of the following broadcast news sources has seen its audience grow? A. ABC B. CBS C. NBC D. NPR E. None of these answers is correct."
D
"11. (p. 452) What were the ""reinventing teams""? A. teams appointed by Congress to propose budget cuts to the federal bureaucracy B. groups of executive officials that were under the influence of ""agency capture"" C. Congressional committees designed to find ways to reduce the size of the national bureaucracy D. teams that were formed under the National Performance Review to analyze and make recommendations about bureaucratic effectiveness E. teams appointed by Congress to decide which branches of the federal bureaucracy could be eliminated"
D
"15. (p. 400) Under which president did the Electoral College selection process change to a popular vote? A. George Washington B. Thomas Jefferson C. James Madison D. Andrew Jackson E. Martin Van Buren"
D
"17. (p. 440) The federal bureaucracy today is A. extremely wasteful and unresponsive to the public it serves. B. an ineffective institution in comparison with bureaucracies of democracies with unitary systems. C. more responsive to the public at large than to the particular interests that depend on its various programs. D. a mix of the patronage and merit systems. E. mostly dominated by patronage politics."
D
"20. (p. 326) The news media's common-carrier role is based on the idea that A. the news will be available to all citizens. B. various news organizations should interpret the news in nearly the same way. C. the press should not charge for public service announcements. D. the press should provide a channel through which political leaders can communicate their views to the public. E. the press should be patriotic in the reporting of the news."
D
"23. (p. 372) A pocket veto differs from a regular presidential veto in that the pocket veto A. applies only to a section of the legislation in question. B. applies only to expenditure legislation. C. occurs when the president decides to veto a bill he had previously signed. D. can take effect only when the Congress is not in session. E. occurs when the president goes before Congress to announce a veto."
D
"24. (p. 418) Which of the following is true of the president's veto power? A. Presidents are limited in their use of the veto on legislation directly affecting national security or economic policy. B. The threat of a veto has never proven to be enough to make Congress bend to the president's demands. C. Congress can usually muster the two-thirds majority in each chamber required to override a presidential veto. D. The veto is as much a sign of presidential weakness as of strength, because it arises when Congress refuses to accept the president's ideas. E. President Bush used the veto less and less during the course of his presidency so as not to cause his popularity to fall."
D
"25. (p. 396-398) Which of the following is a reason that the nation did not routinely need a strong president during most of the nineteenth century? A. the small policymaking role of the federal government B. the sectional nature of the nation's major issues C. the U.S. government's small role in world affairs D. all of these factors: the small policymaking role of the federal government; the sectional nature of the nation's major issues; and the U.S. government's small role in world affairs E. None of these answers is correct."
D
"32. (p. 421) The War Powers Act was enacted in order to A. guide the military in its use of force in field situations where it is impractical to seek direction from the president. B. allow the president more leeway in committing U.S. troops to combat. C. define the relationship between the United States and its allies. D. limit the president's war-making power. E. weaken Congress in foreign policy matters."
D
"32. (p. 452) The National Performance Review addressed which of the following issues about the bureaucracy? A. responsiveness B. accountability C. efficiency D. all these issues: responsiveness, accountability, and efficiency E. None of these answers is correct."
D
"33. (p. 421) The forced removal of a president from office through impeachment and conviction requires action by the A. House of Representatives only. B. Senate only. C. House and Senate in a joint session. D. House and Senate in separate proceedings. E. Supreme Court in a judicial proceeding."
D
"36. (p. 329) In the 1960s, presidential candidates A. received more negative coverage than they do today. B. were largely ignored by the media. C. were hounded by the media incessantly. D. had longer sound bites, on average, in broadcast television newscasts. E. None of these answers is correct."
D
"36. (p. 393) What did Alexander Hamilton argue about war in Federalist No. 69? A. Congress is the only body with enough deliberative powers to be able to justly declare war. B. War under any circumstances is unjust, even in self-defense. C. A president should be allowed to declare war, because only the executive can react quickly enough. D. A surprise attack on the United States is the only justification for war by presidential action. E. Building a strong military for engagement in foreign wars would be a key ingredient to establishing executive authority."
D
"37. (p. 405) The U.S. House of Representatives last decided the outcome of a presidential election in ________. A. 1928 B. 1892 C. 1856 D. 1824 E. 1800"
D
"42. (p. 434) In promoting their agency's goals, bureaucrats rely on A. their expert knowledge. B. the backing of the president and Congress. C. the support of clientele groups. D. all of these: their expert knowledge; the backing of the president and Congress; and the support of clientele groups. E. None of these answers is correct."
D
"43. (p. 434) Which of the following agencies or departments is likely to have strong allies from a group of particular states in Congress? A. the Department of Defense B. the Central Intelligence Agency C. the Environmental Protection Agency D. the Department of Agriculture E. the Federal Trade Commission"
D
"46. (p. 456) Congress oversees the bureaucracy by using A. sunset provisions. B. the Government Accounting Office. C. enabling provisions. D. all of these: sunset provisions, the Government Accounting Office, and enabling provisions. E. None of these answers is correct."
D
"5. (p. 382) In Beyond Ideology, political scientist Frances Lee shows that A. the number of bills passed each year by Congress has dropped dramatically from year to year because of partisan gridlock. B. lawmakers generally avoid partisan negotiations or attacks when dealing with low-stakes issues in order to get more business done. C. the congressional agenda is less and less shaped by partisan consideration rather than reelection priorities. D. even on low-stake issues, lawmakers exploit negotiation and floor debate to attack opponents and promote their party's image. E. the congressional agenda is increasingly shaped by policy priorities rather than partisan consideration."
D
"7. (p. 339) Which of the following is true of age differences in news consumption? A. Younger adults are more than twice as likely as older adults to use the web for news consumption. B. The disparity in age for news consumption is greater with television than with newspapers. C. Older adults are more likely than younger adults to access the web. D. Age differences in news consumption shrink for Internet-based news but do not disappear. E. About 60 percent of young adults pay little or no attention on a regular basis to any news source."
D
"8. (p. 403) The selection of the vice presidential nominee at the national convention is based on the A. results of the primaries and caucuses; the candidate who places second in these contests is nominated as the running mate of the candidate who finishes first. B. convention delegates' judgment as to the candidate who would make the best vice president. C. results of public opinion polls taken just before the convention begins. D. presidential nominee's choice of a running mate. E. None of these answers is correct."
D
"10. (p. 410) The Executive Office of the President (EOP) was created in ________. A. 1789 B. 1804 C. 1865 D. 1888 E. 1939"
E
"11. (p. 411) The presidential advisory unit that, as a whole, has declined significantly as an advisory resource for the president in the twentieth century is the A. Council of Economic Advisers. B. Office of Management and Budget. C. White House Office. D. National Security Council. E. the Cabinet (as a whole)."
E
"12. (p. 393) Which of the following did the framers want from a president? A. national leadership B. administration of the laws C. statesmanship in foreign affairs D. command of the military E. All these answers are correct."
E
"20. (p. 410) Which of the following is part of the Executive Office of the President? A. Office of Management and Budget B. National Economic Council C. National Security Council D. Office of Legislative Affairs E. All these answers are correct."
E
"26. (p. 404) Which of the following happened in the presidential election of 2000? A. George W. Bush won the popular vote. B. Ralph Nader won Florida by 537 votes. C. Al Gore won a slim majority of votes in the Electoral College. D. Al Gore received 550,000 more votes nationally than Ralph Nader. E. Ralph Nader received 3 percent of the popular vote."
E
"27. (p. 334) CNN and MSNBC have responded to Fox's ratings success by A. reducing the number of talk shows in their line-up. B. increasing the number of talk shows hosted by liberals. C. attempting to lure audiences by focusing on their unbiased news reporting. D. installing talk-show hosts with nonpartisan appeal. E. installing talk-show hosts with partisan or hard-edged appeals."
E
"27. (p. 456) How has the Government Accountability Office's role changed? A. It has acquired wide judicial and adjudication powers to deal with inter-agency disputes. B. It has changed from a presidential-executive support agency to largely a congressional support agency. C. It has been given broader powers over time to actually grant additional funds or take away funds directly from agencies. D. It has had its broad powers limited from general oversight down to keeping track of agency spending. E. It has moved from a limited role of keeping track of agency spending to also monitoring whether the agency is implementing policies in the way Congress intended."
E
"28. (p. 437) The Department of ________ was created in 2002. A. Transportation B. Energy C. Education D. Veterans Affairs E. Homeland Security"
E
"29. (p. 318) The Gazette of the United States was founded to promote the policies of President A. Warren Harding. B. Grover Cleveland. C. William Henry Harrison. D. James Madison. E. George Washington."
E
"30. (p. 382) The oversight responsibility of Congress is A. relatively easy to carry out. B. becoming less and less important to the nation. C. more interesting to most legislators than policy making responsibilities. D. the most time consuming task for most legislators. E. None of these answers is correct."
E
"33. (p. 434) The Department of ________ was founded in 1889. A. Health and Human Services B. State C. Labor D. Homeland Security E. Agriculture"
E
"38. (p. 333) Which of the following statements has been shown by scholarly research to be true? A. Network journalists have a very substantial liberal bias. B. Network journalists have a very substantial conservative bias. C. Network journalists have a clear Republican bias. D. Network journalists have a clear Democratic bias. E. Network journalists tend to be negative."
E
"44. (p. 396) How did Theodore Roosevelt change the conception of the presidency? A. He altered the stewardship theory to reduce the power of the presidency while remaining an activist president. B. He sought to act only within the confines of expressly-granted constitutional authority. C. He rejected the idea of the ""strong presidency"". D. He cast aside the stewardship theory in favor of the Whig theory. E. He cast aside the Whig theory in favor of the stewardship theory."
E
"45. (p. 370) ""Mark up"" of a bill means that A. a president has crossed out sections of the bill that he or she finds personally objectionable. B. a bill has been approved after floor debate has finished. C. witnesses at committee hearings suggest modifications of the bill. D. the House Speaker and Senate majority leader have written a bill in a way that they favor. E. None of these answers is correct."
E
"45. (p. 445) What ""multiple-use"" policy is the U.S. Forest Service tasked with? A. preserving forests for recreation, and protecting endangered species B. preserving forests in response to environmental concerns, and coordinating with the National Park Service for creating park lands C. serving both the interests of lumber sellers and mining interests D. opening up forests both for logging and in response to energy concerns E. preserving forests for environmental reasons, and opening them up for logging"
E
"46. (p. 370) Committees kill more than ________ percent of the bills submitted in Congress. A. 10 B. 25 C. 40 D. 66 E. 90"
E
"47. (p. 350) Nearly ________ percent of all PAC contributions go to the incumbents. A. 10 B. 30 C. 50 D. 70 E. 90"
E
"5. (p. 437) The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) are A. all agencies within cabinet departments. B. all independent agencies. C. respectively, an independent agency, an agency within a cabinet department, and a regulatory agency. D. two cabinet departments and a regulatory agency. E. respectively, an agency within a cabinet department, an independent agency, and a regulatory agency."
E
"6. (p. 321) The FCC restriction requiring broadcasters to ""afford reasonable opportunity for the discussion of conflicting views of public importance"" was known as the A. ""Equal Time"" rule. B. objective-reporting model. C. signaling function. D. common-carrier function. E. Fairness Doctrine."
E
"6. (p. 362) Compared with the Senate majority leader, the Speaker of the House has more power because A. the House places more limits on debate. B. the House is the larger chamber in terms of membership. C. the House has less of a tradition as a chamber of equals. D. the Speaker is that chamber's presiding officer. E. All these answers are correct."
E
"8. (p. 362) A standing committee in the House or Senate A. is a permanent committee. B. has jurisdiction over a particular policy area. C. has authority to draft, amend, and recommend legislation. D. is usually organized according to the seniority principle. E. All these answers are correct."
E
"9. (p. 335) Most successful Internet blogs A. have a conservative bias. B. have bolstered the strength of traditional newspapers by drawing on their stories as sources for material they post online. C. have achieved the same kind of reporting access to government leadership that the major news outlets have traditionally had. D. are beginning to mimic the impartiality and objective journalistic standards of the major media outlets. E. have a liberal bias."
E
"9. (p. 390, 413-415) President Obama's failure in his early months in office to enact policies to combat global warming, despite his determination to do so, is reflective primarily of A. the two-presidency problem. B. fear of impeachment. C. blocking by Congress. D. lack of sufficient executive authority. E. poor circumstance related to the economy."
E
16. (p. 351-355) Incumbents may have some problems in reelection campaigns if A. disruptive issues such as general public discontent with Congress become prominent. B. the incumbent is tainted with charges of personal misconduct or corruption. C. the election is a midterm election, and the incumbent is of the same party as the president. D. through redistricting, the incumbent is placed in a disadvantageous district. E. All these answers are correct.
E
