Poly Sci 103: Comparative Politics

Semi-periphery

A _____ country is gaining economic wealth while still being occasionally exploited by other countries.

Pluralist

A group organizing a rally to voice concerns over rising health care costs would be an example of an outsider group. This kind of group is part of the _____ model of power.

Culture, politics, geography

A nation state is a system that organizes people around what?

Political theory

A theory that involves the study of ideas and values concerning the state, power, individuals, groups and the relationships between them is what type of theory?

So that it will protect their rights.

According to John Locke's conception of the social contract, why do people allow the government to exist?

-Geographic expansion -Military actions -Changes in the level of industrial production

All of the following factors have led to changes in the world economic system

What was the Scientific Revolution?

An era that transformed the way that society understood the universe, which was based in science

-Respect of the citizenry -Government control over the land -Government control over policing and military

De jure sovereignty includes:

Absolute Monarchy

Due to Hobbes' belief that man was inherently selfish and in need of a strong governmental hand, he concluded that the only correct form of government is

revealed truth

Fundamental knowledge of the universe prior to the Scientific Revolution was based on _____, while the new knowledge of the Scientific Revolution was based on observation and experimentation,

Noble lords ruled serfs or tenants who worked the lands of their large estates

How did feudalism organize society?

By referring to the importance of rule by the people.

How do more democratic states reinforce their legitimacy?

By producing goods or services for the world market

How does present day modernization theory theorize nations will develop?

Due to the distribution of the power to a few, it is argued that the average person cannot have his or her voice heard.

How does the average person make their voice heard in the power-elite model?

Emotional impulse

If the purpose of a knife is to cut things, what is the purpose, or telos, of human beings?

A single ruler, called a monarch, is in charge of everything.

In a monarchy, who is in charge of the government?

Learning how to better understand other cultures through their governments

In all seriousness, what is a primary objective of comparative politics?

Unified French law.

The Napoleonic Code of 1804:

Germany

The concept of sovereignty applies to which of the following?

What is the heliocentric model?

The system in which the Earth is understood to orbit the sun

Core

Thomas lives in a country that exploits other countries for cheap labor and raw materials. Thomas most likely lives in which kind of country?

A watchmaker

To which of the following professions did Rene Descartes and other deists liken God's actions?

Empirical approach

What approach focuses on use of observation to explain how the world of politics works?

Systems of morality

What are ethics?

-Traditional -Pre-conditional to take off -Take-off -Maturation -High Mass Consumption

What are the stages of development?

owning land and having hereditary noble titles.

What defines the ruling class in an aristocracy?

The individual's ability to question existence proves that we do exist.

What did René Descartes mean by I think, therefore I am?

Authoritarian

What do we call a government where a single person holds absolute power?

The actual setup of a government

What does the structure of a government tell us?

Copernicus' work on the heliocentric model

What event really started the Scientific Revolution?

-Literacy and the printing press that helped people discuss their similarities -New technology that helped people and goods move farther and quicker -New map technologies that helped people envision their borders

What factors helped create the first nation states?

Parliament

What governmental body was created to start Great Britain's move towards democracy?

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in 1914 was at the hands of a Serbian nationalist who wanted Serbs to have their own country and resented the Autro-Hungarian Empire's control.

What historic event of the 20th century best illustrates nationalism?

Oxford

What institution of higher learning did both Hobbes and Locke attend

A political unit composed of people with a shared identity, living within a defined territory with a national government

What is a nation-state?

The transition towards a more democratic system of government

What is democratization?

The right to rule

What is legitimacy?

The ability to rule without falling apart

What is stability?

A Republic

What is the general term used to describe a government in which authority is derived from the consent of the citizens?

When individuals help themselves, they often end up helping society.

What is the idea behind Adam Smith's invisible hand theory?

To establish scientific knowledge, or modify existing knowledge.

What is the purpose of the scientific method?

The people in a kingdom do not share a cultural identity.

What makes a nation state different from a Kingdom?

Rene Descartes

What philosopher took skepticism to its theoretical limit by even questioning his own existence?

Political behavior

What political science discipline is concerned with the study of how people and institutions interact in the political environment?

Constitutional republics

What was Immanuel Kant's suggestion for achieving lasting peace?

t had an ethnocentric perspective.

What was one reason modernization theory was discredited in the 1970s?

Rule of law and defense

What was the most basic agreement that people exchanged legitimacy and stability for with early governments?

Between the 1500s and 1700s

When did nation states first appear?

nation

When forming a nation state, does the nation or state have to be formed first?

Weber claimed that the modern state was created out of necessity and human innovation.

Where did Weber believe the modern state came from

Athens

Where was Aristotle educated, and where did he do most of his research, writing and lecturing?

Dependency theory

Which development theory believes that development is a zero-sum game where LDCs need to lose in order for developed countries to win?

political science

Which discipline studies the interaction between states and other international actors?

Weimar Germany

Which group was able to grow in legitimacy due to providing stability where others had failed?

The European Union, because they worked on achieving specific goals of the member-states without cooperation on all areas relevant to the governance of the country

Which modern entity does the German Confederation created in 1815 share the most traits regarding organization and structure?

Study of government

Which of the following accurately and completely describes the scope of political science?

Since Mexico is part of North America, it also contains an LDC.

Which of the following does not contain any LDCs?

Creating a free press

Which of the following is NOT a key role monarchs played in the development of a nation-state in Western Europe?

Value assessment

Which of the following is NOT an essential component of empirical research?

A country that cannot project its authority over its population

Which of the following is a characteristic of a failed state?

While sovereigns have the right to manage their internal affairs without interference, in reality our interdependent world makes it practically impossible not to be pressured by outside forces.

Which of the following is incorrect about sovereignty?

Dependency theory tends to ignore internal dynamics affecting development.

Which of the following is not a criticism of dependency theory?

It lacks any observable evidence to support its approach

Which of the following is not a criticism of modernization theory?

A status of a State that means it has the right to act independently and without outside interference

Which of the following is the best explanation of sovereignty in international relations?

Marxist model

Which of the following models sees power as revolving around class and economic status?

Sovereignty and independence mean the same thing.

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

De facto and de jure sovereignty are both required for a nation to be recognized as sovereign.

Which of the following statements is true?

The French Revolution strengthened nationalism in France and helped to develop nationalistic tendencies in other countries.

Which of the following statements is true?

Scholasticism

Which of the following was NOT a philosophical development of, or encouraged by, the Scientific Revolution?

Representative democracy

Which of these best describes the government of the modern United States?

Well-designed experiments that produce data to support the truth, not traditional assumptions

Which of these describes the scientific method?

Whether or not it has the legal ability to trade and control markets.

Which of these factors is used to determine if a country has de facto sovereignty?

A tool that sharpens a knife

Which of these is the BEST analogy to describe Aristotle's view of the purpose of politics?

USSR

Which of these is the best example of a constitutional monarchy?

Rene Descarte

Which philosopher was French, and is often called the 'Father of Modern Philosophy'?

Comparative Politics

Which political science discipline focuses its study on the political systems of foreign countries?

Political theory

Which political science discipline focuses on the study of political ideas and values?

Modernization theory

Which theory of development argues that the path to development lies in adopting the path taken by the Western industrialized countries?

World-systems theory

Which theory of development posits three different levels of development?

The Cold War

Which war impacted the ideology of modernization theory?

1688 Glorious Revolution

While Thomas Hobbes' political views were in part influenced by the English Civil War and Interregnum, John Locke's were influenced by the _____.

American Social Scientist

Who developed modernization theory?

Aristotle

Who was an ancient Greek philosopher who developed formal ways to inquire about the universe?

J.G. Fichte

Whose 1808 Addresses to the German Nation gave voice to the growing German nationalism in central Europe?

Roger Bacon

Whose contribution to the scientific method was his emphasis on experimentation?

Denmark controlled Schleswig and Holstein prior to the 1864 Danish War.

Why did Prussia originally ally with Austria in 1864?

The Holy Roman Empire was weakened and its member states ruled nearly independently

Why did the Treaty of Westphalia allow the further development of the nation-state?

The United States had several periods of democratization before most people were politically equal.

Why did the United States never have to go through periods of democratization?

Because it focused on restoring a balance of power.

Why was the Congress of Vienna significant for the balance of power in Europe?

Because Bismark wanted to provoke a war with France

Why was the Ems Telegram released?

Sovereignty

________ is defined as a country's ability to control its own people and support itself while also being recognized as having this power by other countries.

They work closely with elected officials in government.

In the pluralist mode of power, why do insider groups tend to be more powerful than outsider groups?

the king ruled arbitrarily and unfairly

Locke believed that the social contract between monarch and subjects could be broken by the people if _____.

the American Revolution

Locke's 'Two Treatises of Government' were taken nearly verbatim and used to justify _____.

external area

Mark lives in a country that has an economic system free from foreign influence and a unique labor market outside of the world system. His country is an example of _____.

Sociology

Max Weber was a German academic associated with which discipline?

Asserting that all nations are equal.

Nationalism is focused on all of the following, except:

Political Science

Of which academic discipline is Aristotle considered a founding figure?

Prussia

Otto von Bismarck largely unified Germany by accumulating German territories under the flag of which German state?

The pluralist model argues that power is dispersed while the power-elite model argues that power is concentrated.

Select the answer that describes the major difference between the pluralist and power-elite models of power.