Populations Exam 4
A nurse is working in an emergency room and caring for a young woman who was admitted to the hospital after a motor vehicle accident. The policeman who accompanied the nurse requests a blood alcohol level and toxicology screen. The nurse knows that what minimum blood alcohol level is considered to be driving while impaired? ____________________
0.08 Feedback: Driving with a blood alcohol level of 0.08 or above is considered to be driving while impaired.
A PHN is looking at creating a plan to address the high rate of uncontrolled hypertension in a community. List the following steps in the order in which the nurse should perform them (1-4). _____ 1. Evaluate the community to see what social determinants of health need to be addressed and what is lacking within the community. _____ 2. Review the program outcomes with evaluations from participants and local care providers to determine the effectiveness of the program. _____ 3. Start planning a community wide health fair with representatives from local primary-care providers, fitness centers, and local produce vendors. _____ 4. Have printed material and educational information available for community participants to take home and use after the fair.
1, 4, 2, 3
A nurse decides to use a Haddon Matrix to evaluate factors that may contribute to patient falls on the medical units of the hospital. What is the minimum number of boxes that should be drawn on the grid to be filled out? ____________________
12 Feedback: A Haddon Matrix has a minimum of 12 boxes in three rows and four columns.
A nurse is teaching a class about emergency preparedness and violence. Which of the following factors is associated with an increased risk of being the victim of violence or intentional harm? Select all that apply. A. Age between 15 and 44 B. Poor mental health C. Substance abuse D. Male gender E. Low socioeconomic status
A, B, C
To aid a lower income family who is struggling with a pest problem in their home, a PHN recommends a program known as integrated pest management, which offers methods to deter pests. Some of these methods include which of the following? Select all that apply. A. Caulking and sealing cracks and holes in the home B. Eating in one place C. Getting rid of clutter D. Storing food in sealed containers E. Making sure the family is vaccinated
A, B, C, D
A public health nurse (PHN) is performing a community assessment in order to reduce the childhood obesity rate in a community. What social determinants of health should the PHN examine? Select all that apply. A. Location of primary health providers B. Nutrition and physical education classes in the public schools C. Housing security D. Presence of sidewalks within the community E. Access to fresh produce
A, B, D, E
According to Healthy People 2020, which of the following are characteristics of mental health? Select all that apply. A. Engaging in productive activities B. Having fulfilling relationships C. Experiencing alterations in thinking D. Adapting to change E. Coping with challenges
A, B, D, E
A nurse is working with parents and community members to develop a chemical and medication safety class in their community. Techniques that they should discuss include which of the following? Select all that apply. A. Proper labeling of all household chemicals and medications B. Keeping household chemicals outside C. Storing all cleaning materials and medications out of the reach of children D. Encouraging disposal of medications into the toilet E. Informing parents not to share any medications with anyone whom the medication is not prescribed
A, C, E
4. ____ addresses specific subgroups at highest risk for development of a mental disorder or those that are showing early signs of a mental disorder. A. Indicated prevention B. Selective prevention C. Universal prevention D. Both A and B
A. Indicated prevention
A nurse studying substance use disorders learns that alcohol is a causal factor in ____ types of diseases and injuries. A. 60 B. 80 C. 20 D. 10
A. 60
Which of the following is the definition of health disparity? A. A difference in health outcomes B. An unequal and unjust difference in health outcomes C. A social factor that impacts health outcomes and contributes to disparity D. Access to health care for everyone without financial hardship
A. A difference in health outcomes
A public health nurse (PHN) researching risk factors for mortality found that ____ and ____ are among the top ten. A. Alcohol and tobacco B. Inhalants and stimulants C. Cannabis and caffeine D. None of the above
A. Alcohol and tobacco
A nurse is working in a community center and notices a high rate of obesity in its members. The nurse suspects that poor access to fresh fruits and vegetables may be partially responsible. What should the nurse do first when formulating a plan? A. Assess the social determinants in the community. B. Implement a plan to increase access to fresh produce. C. Outline the steps needed to address the disparity. D. Formulate a community diagnosis.
A. Assess the social determinants in the community.
A nurse is teaching an in-service for new nurses on the importance of cultural sensitivity when caring for patients. Which of the following statements is incorrect? A. Ethnic diversity of health-care staff plays little role in the reduction of health-care inequalities. B. Translators should always be used when a patient does not speak English as a primary language. C. Nurses and other health-care workers may often display discriminatory behavior without realizing it. D. Nurses must always work as patient advocates to make sure that the patient is receiving culturally sensitive care.
A. Ethnic diversity of health-care staff plays little role in the reduction of health-care inequalities.
A nurse is providing fire prevention education to families in the community. Which of the following groups in the United States is not at a higher risk for suffering burns from a fire at home? A. Men B. Women C. Children D. Older adults
A. Men
A PHN considering a career in mental health nursing learns that the ____ mandates that group health plans of 50 or more persons, which cover mental health and substance use disorders, must provide benefits equivalent to or better than those benefits provided for medical or surgical benefits. A. Mental Health Parity Act B. Community Mental Health Centers Act C. Affordable Care Act D. None of the above
A. Mental Health Parity Act
A 20-year-old man brought to the emergency room with hallucinations appeared euphoric, tremulous, and anorexic and had dilated pupils. The nurse who examined him found that the culprit was ____ use. A. Methamphetamine B. Cocaine C. Alcohol D. None of the above
A. Methamphetamine
A nurse is reviewing car accident data to see how a city's statistics compare with state and national data. Which of the following would provide the most comprehensive database of information? A. National Violent Death Reporting System B. Vital Statistics C. Department of Motor Vehicles D. Department of Transportation
A. National Violent Death Reporting System
A young woman presents to a community clinic. She states that she is having severe anxiety and insomnia after suffering an acquaintance rape at school last year. She is unable to go back to college and her grades are suffering as a result. What does the nurse suspect that this young woman is suffering from? A. Post-traumatic stress disorder B. Generalized anxiety disorder C. Major depression D. Personality Disorder
A. Post-traumatic stress disorder
During a lecture on health disparities, a student asks the instructor how communities with great access to health care can still have poor health outcomes. How should the instructor respond? A. Social determinants of health determine how people respond to health threats and how they access preventative care. B. The student is incorrect. Communities with good access to care have good health outcomes. C. This phenomenon only occurs in communities where the quality of health care is poor. D. Members of these communities only have access to primary-care providers, which reduces the quality of care they receive.
A. Social determinants of health determine how people respond to health threats and how they access preventative care.
A nurse working in the emergency department is treating a substance use disorder patient with accelerated heart rate and blood pressure. The nurse determines that which of the following substances is the culprit? A. Stimulants B. Narcotics C. Depressants D. Hallucinogens
A. Stimulants
A PHN treats a patient who may be depressed. To verify suspicions, the PHN checks ____, the definitive clinical guide for diagnosing mental disorders and providing consistency and accuracy in the screening for mental disorders. A. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) B. The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10) C. Patient Health Questionnaire 2 D. Brief System Checklist-18 of the My Mood Monitor
A. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)
A PHN is helping to manage a chemical spill crisis in a nearby community. In order to find out the community's chemical response plan, the nurse consults which of the following? A. The Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act (EPCRA) B. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) C. Healthy People 2020 D. The World Health Organization (WHO)
A. The Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act (EPCRA)
A research nurse is looking for funding to study health disparities in a community—an ethnically and economically diverse inner city neighborhood. The nurse is trying to apply evidence from controlled studies to see how they correlate in the real world. What type of study is the nurse designing? A. Translational B. Causation C. Correlation D. Observational
A. Translational
A nurse is working at a suicide prevention hotline and is training new staff members. He or she informs the new nurses that the most important questions to ask callers include: A. Whether they have a means or a plan to commit suicide, including whether they have access to a weapon, such as a gun B. If they have been diagnosed with a mental illness C. If they suffer from addiction D. None of the above
A. Whether they have a means or a plan to commit suicide, including whether they have access to a weapon, such as a gun
The PHN understands that the toxicity of chemicals in children is more severe than that in older populations because of which of the following reasons? Select all that apply. A. Children play in outdoor soil, which can be contaminated. B. Children may ingest substances from unlabeled, repurposed food containers. C. Children have faster rates of absorption of toxic substances. D. Parental oversight is minimal. E. Children have less developed immune systems.
ALL OF THE ABOVE
The public health nursing student learns that the need for environmental justice extends to disadvantaged populations, who, as a result of low income, age, health status, race, or other social indices of susceptibility, are at greatest risk of exposure to environmental hazards because of which of the following problems? Select all that apply. A. Substandard housing B. Lack of access to health care C. Lack of nutritious food D. Lack of safe places to play E. Employment in risky jobs
ALL OF THE ABOVE
A nurse is studying the increased infant mortality rate at a local hospital in a largely African American community. The nurse notes that there are very few options for prenatal care in the community and recognizes that this is an example of: A. Health disparity B. Health inequity C. Health injustice D. Social determinant of health
B. Health inequity
A nurse administrator is teaching staff about populations at risk for poor health outcomes in an attempt to decrease health inequities in the hospital. Which of the following groups does the nurse administrator mention are at higher risk for poor health outcomes related to health disparities? Select all that apply. A. People who carry private health insurance B. Families receiving public assistance C. African Americans D. Native Americans E. The middle class
B, C, D
A nurse is organizing a round table presentation at a conference. The nurse asks the other participants for suggestions on actions that nurses can take to reduce national health disparities. Which of the following suggestions are known to be effective measures for the reduction of health disparities? Select all that apply. A. Volunteer with an international organization that supports building infrastructure in underdeveloped areas. B. Support initiatives that increase physical education classes and healthy school meals. C. Design and create research studies that address inequities and support vulnerable populations. D. Discuss social and health disparity information with coworkers to promote awareness. E. Act as advocates for patients, families, and communities in reducing inequities.
B, C, D, E
During the past decade, the morbidity and mortality rate of SMI has increased, showing that persons diagnosed with an SMI die ____ years earlier than those in the general population. A. 5 B. 25 C. 20 D. 10
B. 25
Many outdoor air contaminants originate from various sources. The PHN recognizes that sources such as gas stations, dry cleaners, commercial building heating and cooling systems, and waste disposal facilities are referred to as: A. Criteria air pollutants B. Area sources C. Mobile sources D. Point sources
B. Area sources
Older adults have higher body burdens of chemicals that have been absorbed over their lifetimes, and these chemicals collect in the adipose tissue or bone, and can later result in poor health outcomes, such as cancer or organ damage. The PHN recognizes that this substance collection is called: A. Half-life B. Bioaccumulation C. Latency period D. Environmental exposure
B. Bioaccumulation
A PHN preparing a report on substance abuse would find that which of the following are true? A. Substance use, especially use of tobacco and alcohol, is a serious public health issue, and policy initiatives exist at the global, national, state, and local levels aimed at reducing the harm associated with at-risk substance use. B. Both A and C C. The cultural context for substance use has shifted overtime, but stigma continues to be a barrier for entrance into treatment for the person with at-risk use or a substance use disorder. D. At-risk substance use does not affect the overall health of the individual, the family, or the community.
B. Both A and C
A nurse suspects one of the emergency room patients is an illicit drug user. Which screening methods should the nurse use to verify this conclusion? A. A clinician's guide B. Both A and C C. National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) ASSIST tool D. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)
B. Both A and C
A student nurse studying substance use learns that in addition to stimulants, inhalants, depressants, and cannabis, psychoactive substances include which of the following? A. Dissociative anesthetics B. Both A and C C. Hallucinogens D. Non-narcotics
B. Both A and C
Nurses in a student health clinic used a program called Brief Alcohol Screening and Intervention for College Students (BASICS) to help students make better alcohol use decisions. The BASICS program consists of: A. Two one-hour interviews B. Both A and C C. A feedback profile D. An alcohol breathalyzer test
B. Both A and C
When a nurse at a community clinic is checking a patient for the effects of psychoactive substances, he or she looks for which of the following signs? A. Altered mood B. Both A and C C. Level of consciousness D. None of the above
B. Both A and C
A PHN is evaluating a community's pollution, accessible transportation, and outside activities and the maintenance of its neighborhood buildings. The nurse is evaluating the: A. Environmental stability B. Built environment C. Ecological approach D. Environmental health
B. Built environment
A nurse has volunteered with an organization treating women who were the victims of rape as a weapon of war in the Congo. This violence is considered: A. Community violence B. Collective violence C. Stranger violence D. Interpersonal violence
B. Collective violence
Researchers have found that investment in which of the following would have had a greater effect on health disparities than the investment in new medical technology? A. Improving quality of health care B. Increasing access to education for everyone C. Implementing universal health care D. Decreasing crime rate
B. Increasing access to education for everyone
A nurse interested in working with persons with mental disorders who live in poverty understands that the most effective treatment involves multiple sectors of society, such as government agencies, grass roots groups, nonprofits, and businesses, working in tandem. This interrelationship is called: A. Indicated prevention B. Intersectoral strategies C. Health-Related Quality of Life D. Institute of Medicine Model of Prevention
B. Intersectoral strategies
A nurse is counseling a young man with obesity and diabetes. The nurse explains that in addition to direct medical costs, indirect costs will likely include: A. Costs of medication B. Lost wages and loss of employment productivity C. Decreased lifespan D. Increased costs of health insurance
B. Lost wages and loss of employment productivity
A hospital admits a patient who is having breathing problems after mixing household cleaning products. The nurse recognizes that this patient is suffering from exposure to which type of environmental hazard? A. Biological B. Mixed C. Physical D. Chemical
B. Mixed
A group of nurses is looking to design a home visitation program for parents who are at high risk for child maltreatment. What factors should the nurses focus on? A. Parenting skills and access to educational support B. Promoting family relationships and increasing child monitoring C. Increasing access to nutrition and wellness programs D. Assisting with parental education and financial assistance programs as needed
B. Promoting family relationships and increasing child monitoring
A nurse is performing an assessment of a very economically diverse community and realizes that while comparing income to health outcomes, the nurse must be careful to: A. Compare only the outcomes of the richest community members to the outcomes of the poorest community members. B. Recognize that income and outcomes exist on a scale, and look across the entire spectrum. C. Evaluate only the poorest health outcomes and where they land on the income spectrum. D. Evaluate only the poorest community members and their health outcomes.
B. Recognize that income and outcomes exist on a scale, and look across the entire spectrum.
A PHN is learning about exposure risk assessments, which are used by policy makers and other regulators to evaluate the health effects from an environmental exposure. In these assessments, the final step in the process involves making a judgment about the risk of the health problems to those who are exposed. The nurse learns that this is referred to as a: A. Dose-response assessment B. Risk characterization C. Hazard identification D. Exposure assessment
B. Risk characterization
____ is a combination of personal attributes and societal stereotypes related to human characteristics viewed as unacceptable. A. Indicated prevention B. Stigma C. Risk factors D. Transinstitutionalization
B. Stigma
While studying the prevalence of mental health disorders worldwide, a PHN learns about the World Mental Health Survey, which is used to determine estimates of human capital costs and prevalence of mental disorders in a wide range of countries. The survey was developed by A. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) B. The World Health Organization (WHO) C. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) D. The World Health Assembly
B. The World Health Organization (WHO)
Particulate matter varies in size, and the size determines the site of the deposition in the respiratory system. The nursing student is taught that this means that: A. The larger the particulate, the more hazardous B. The smaller the particulate, the more hazardous C. The size of the particulate is not important D. The lungs and dust masks can take care of the particulates
B. The smaller the particulate, the more hazardous
According to the WHO, it is estimated that a large number of people worldwide do not have access to safe drinking water. In a lecture on water quality, a PHN learns that the main barriers to the provision of clean drinking water include all of the following except A. Financial capacity B. Too many facilities for the sanitary disposal of excrement C. Sustainability of the water supply D. Sanitation and hygiene behaviors
B. Too many facilities for the sanitary disposal of excrement
A nursing instructor is giving a lecture on environmental sustainability. The instructor explains that this is a critical issue to the global environment and an important emerging public health issue. Some of the issues addressed within environmental sustainability include which of the following? Select all that apply. A. Preventing environmental exposure B. Maintaining the funding for research and development for alternative energy C. The rates in which renewable resources are harvested D. The rates of depletion of nonrenewable resources E. The creation of pollution that can continue for an indefinite period of time
C, D, E
A PHN learns in a behavioral health class that the relationship between physiology and mental health plays an important role in mental disorders. Which of the following physiological factors may contribute to the development of mental disorders? A. Conditions that affect brain chemistry, such as medication side effects or toxins B. Physical trauma C. A and B D. Unstable family life
C. A and B
A nurse working on a maternity unit became concerned when one of the pregnant patients admitted to smoking. Which of the following adverse effects might eventually affect her unborn child? A. Low birth weight B. Increased risk for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) C. Both A and B D. Lower rates of asthma
C. Both A and B
A team of nurses for a medical surgical unit have been assigned to develop a Screening and Brief Intervention (SBI) alcohol program for their department. Which of the following steps should they take? A. Review current alcohol SBI recommendations from the Joint Commission on Accreditation. B. Develop a plan to train health-personnel on the use of the alcohol SBI. C. Both A and B D. Choose not to prepare an evaluation plan.
C. Both A and B
During a class lecture, a nursing student learned that which of the following are considered psychoactive substances? A. Depressants B. Stimulants C. Both A and B D. Antidepressants
C. Both A and B
To help smoking patients improve their health, a nurse uses which of the following smoking cessation strategies? A. Advise all tobacco users to quit. B. Assist tobacco users with a quit plan. C. Both A and B D. None of the above
C. Both A and B
Which of the following community environment factors play a role in the development of mental disorders? A. Living in high crime areas B. Poverty C. Both A and B D. Family instability
C. Both A and B
A nurse is performing a home visit for a young mother that lives in the projects in Brooklyn, New York. There is a young child who is three years old living in the apartment as well. The nurse notices that the window guards on the bedroom window are hanging off the building. How does the nurse proceed? A. Encourage the woman to call the landlord after the nurse leaves. B. Call Child Protective Services to report an unsafe living situation. C. Call the landlord directly to ensure the timely repair of the window guards and encourage the woman to keep the windows closed in the meantime. D. Call the city to report a bad landlord.
C. Call the landlord directly to ensure the timely repair of the window guards and encourage the woman to keep the windows closed in the meantime.
A nurse is educating new staff in the emergency department about the types of injuries and illness they might be treating. The nurse mentions that which population is at greatest risk for unintentional injuries? A. Women under the age of 45 B. Women over the age of 45 C. Men under the age of 45 D. Men over the age of 45
C. Men under the age of 45
A nursing instructor is holding a lecture on environmental health and explains that gene environment interaction: A. Can directly cause diabetes, pulmonary disease, and breast cancer B. Can change the expression of a genetic trait and alter physical aspects C. Can have either a protective influence or increase risk for many diseases D. Does not demonstrate any noticeable effect from the environment
C. Can have either a protective influence or increase risk for many diseases
A nurse is looking to implement new preventative measures to address the rate of drowning in young children in the community. All of the following policies are examples of primary prevention, except: A. Swimming instruction for every child B. Mandatory installation of locked child-safety fences around all community and private pools C. Community-wide CPR instruction D. Mandatory use of life jackets for all children on boats
C. Community-wide CPR instruction
Which of the following programs has been designed to work toward optimal health for all Americans? A. Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Health (REACH) B. Universal Health Care C. Healthy People D. EURO Health for All
C. Healthy People
A nurse whose teenage patient is showing signs of alcohol abuse reviews which of the following first to help the patient? A. Universal level of prevention B. Selective level of prevention C. Indicated level of prevention D. None of the above
C. Indicated level of prevention
A nurse is working at a high school when a young woman comes down to the nursing office concerned about her boyfriend whom she states is making suicidal comments. How does the nurse proceed? A. Counsel the young woman about relationship issues. B. Call the young woman's parents about her concerns. C. Inform the school psychologist immediately and notify the boyfriend's parents. D. Call the young man down to the nurse's office for a mental health evaluation.
C. Inform the school psychologist immediately and notify the boyfriend's parents.
About 6.7% of the U.S. population is affected by ____ each year. It is the leading cause of disability for people ages 15 to 44 and is more prevalent in women than men. A. Postpartum depression (PPD) B. Schizophrenia C. Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) D. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
C. Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
A nurse researching illicit drug use for a new job at a community clinic learns that the number one illicit drug in the United States as of 2010 is: A. Cocaine B. Hallucinogens C. Marijuana D. Inhalants
C. Marijuana
A nurse manager has been working in a community health center for many years. In the recent months, the nurse manager has noticed a dramatic increase in the number of Hispanic clients coming in to the center with uncontrolled diabetes. Which of the following is the best way to address the situation? A. Speak with local providers about decreasing the length of time between follow-up visits. B. Involve pharmacists in counseling newly diagnosed patients about their insulin regimen. C. Perform a community assessment to determine why community members aren't properly caring for themselves. D. Develop several educational handouts about managing diabetes and have them translated into Spanish.
C. Perform a community assessment to determine why community members aren't properly caring for themselves.
A nurse is looking at reasons why members of a community are more likely to die from heart disease. The nurse finds several studies that suggest that social factors, such as ____, are more important than behavioral choices. A. Smoking B. High-fat or high-sugar diets C. Poverty D. Lack of exercise
C. Poverty
A family survived a dangerous weather event, but now they are suffering through another part of environmental risk: stress, pain, and anxiety. The nurse recognizes that this is the: A. Physical agent B. Mixed exposure C. Psychosocial factor D. Biological agent
C. Psychosocial factor
A student nurse is studying stress and mental health. The student nurse learns that ____ is based on an individual's ability to access protective factors that exist at different levels in order to withstand chronic stress or recover from traumatic life events. A. Intervention B. Support C. Resilience D. Therapy
C. Resilience
Which of the following statements about Healthy People is correct? A. Healthy People 2010 was successful in reaching its goal of ending health disparities. B. Healthy People 2010 focused on climate change as one of the key factors contributing to health inequities. C. The goal of Healthy People 2020 was expanded to include improving the health of all ages and groups, and to eliminate all health disparities and inequities. D. The goal of Healthy People 2010 was to reduce health disparities and inequity.
C. The goal of Healthy People 2020 was expanded to include improving the health of all ages and groups, and to eliminate all health disparities and inequities.
After the oil spill of 2010 in the Gulf of Mexico, which occurred following a hurricane in that same area four years previously, public health officials became particularly concerned about the economic health of the area. What caused this economic concern? A. Illnesses due to the quality of the air B. Illnesses due to the quality of the water C. The habitats of the fishing industry being destroyed D. The closing of the recreational industry
C. The habitats of the fishing industry being destroyed
Nurses at a local trauma center were involved in evaluating their hospital's screening program for alcohol substance abuse. Which of the following steps were part of their plan? A. Review files on patients admitted with a possible alcohol-related injury. B. Evaluate the current screening system in use on their unit. C. Review current screening techniques used in other hospitals. D. All of the above
D. All of the above
In a study performed by the Center for Economic and Political Studies, researchers found that between 2003 and 2006 the cost of health inequalities in the United States was approximately: A. $1 million B. $100 million C. $1 billion D. $1 trillion
D. $1 trillion
In 2010, approximately how many people in the United States reported experiencing mental disorders in the previous year? A. 15% B. 50% C. 30% D. 25%
D. 25%
A nurse is teaching water safety at the local community pool and mentions that which of the following is the most significant risk factor for drowning? A. Gender B. Income C. Education D. Age
D. Age
A PHN follows which of these guiding principles on harm reduction when helping patients who are substance users? A. Clients are responsive to culturally competent, non-judgmental services delivered in a manner that demonstrates respect for individual dignity, personal strength, and self-determination. B. Service providers are responsible to the wider community for delivering interventions which attempt to reduce the economic, social, and physical consequences of drug- and alcohol-related harm and harms associated with other behaviors or practices that put individuals at risk. C. Because those engaged in unsafe health practices are often difficult to reach through traditional service venues, the service continuum must seek creative opportunities and develop new strategies to engage, motivate, and intervene with potential clients. D. All of the above
D. All of the above
A nurse is performing a community assessment of an inner city neighborhood. The nurse is looking for physical risk factors in the community to determine if they might be contributing to the high level of violence and drug abuse in the neighborhood. Which of the following factors should be evaluated? A. Youth activity B. Dwelling types C. Physical layout of the community D. All of the above
D. All of the above
A nurse treating a new patient learns that he was a smoker. Which of the following questions will help determine if he still smokes and how much he smokes? A. Do you now use tobacco? B. Have you ever used tobacco? C. Are you interested in quitting tobacco use? D. All of the above
D. All of the above
A nurse working in labor and delivery requested permission from the nurse manager to conduct a quality improvement project to screen patients that might be susceptible to PPD. After completing the project, which of the following screening guidelines did the unit incorporate? A. All patients will be screened for PPD when they are admitted to the labor and delivery unit. B. Patients at high risk are referred to the attending obstetrician. C. Before being discharged, all new mothers will complete a questionnaire specific to PPD symptoms. D. All of the above
D. All of the above
A nurse working with mental health outpatients notes that which of the following risk factors are common in the patients? A. Social isolation B. Substance use C. Traumatic life events D. All of the above
D. All of the above
A recent graduate nurse working in an urban labor and delivery unit had a patient who experienced a difficult labor. The mother, suffering from postpartum depression (PPD), committed suicide a year after giving birth. Although the nurse knew the basics about PPD, the nurse immediately studied the condition in depth and learned that PPD: A. Can be triggered by a massive hormone drop following delivery B. Can intensify to cause delusions C. Occurs soon after delivery D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Nurses working for the Indian Health Services at a reservation health clinic note a high rate of suicide among adolescents living on the reservation. In order to reduce the odds, the nurses decide to take which of the following steps? A. Determine what stakeholders should be involved to design a community level intervention. B. Review the national statistics on teen suicide among Native Americans. C. Complete a draft plan of action. D. All of the above
D. All of the above
To find out how much alcohol a patient uses, a nurse asks about which of the following? A. Quantity of alcohol consumed B. Frequency of alcoholic beverage consumption C. Duration of use D. All of the above
D. All of the above
When a community health nurse explains the consequences of tobacco use to a patient who smokes, the nurse mentions which of the following adverse health consequences experienced by tobacco users? A. Damage to the oral cavity and teeth B. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorders C. Cancer D. All of the above
D. All of the above
A public health nurse (PHN) uses the epidemiological triangle to understand A. The environment that brings an agent and host together B. The role environment plays in the health of individuals, families, and communities C. The role of water, air, and waste in environmental health D. Both A and B
D. Both A and B
In many countries, which factors decrease infant mortality rate? A. Income B. Education level C. Neither A nor B D. Both A and B
D. Both A and B
The public health nurse (PHN) recognizes that which of the following are used as screening tools for depression? A. Patient Health Questionnaire 2 B. Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10) C. Brief Symptom Checklist-18 of the My Mood Monitor (M-3) D. Both A and B
D. Both A and B
During a course on mental disorders, a PHN learns that the term serious mental illness (SMI) refers to diagnosable mental disorders that may disrupt a person's ability to function and may qualify that person for support services. The PHN also notes that the mental disorders that can lead to SMI include: A. Mild depression B. Panic disorder C. Schizophrenia D. Both B and C
D. Both B and C
A nurse has seen an increase in infant injuries during motor vehicle accidents due to poor car seat installation. The nurse wants to consider upstream policies at the population level to address this issue but doesn't have the time to take on the project. How should the nurse proceed? A. Reconsider the project at a different time when the workload at his or her primary job lightens. B. Delegate some of the project tasks to an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP). C. Quit the job to dedicate all of his or her time to the project. D. Consider a collaborative relationship with the public health department and fire and police departments.
D. Consider a collaborative relationship with the public health department and fire and police departments.
The PHN realizes that the mere presence of an agent, even if it is known to have toxic properties, does not necessarily mean there is a risk to health. However, the three routes of entry for chemical exposure include all of the following, except: A. Ingestion B. Inhalation C. Dermal absorption D. IV
D. IV
Which ethnic group has the highest 12-month prevalence of a mental disorder? A. Hispanics B. African Americans C. Asian Americans D. Non-Hispanic whites
D. Non-Hispanic whites
A nurse is reviewing the safety procedures and protections in place at the community center where he or she works. Which of the following should he or she be most concerned about? A. Presence of two regular doors next to the revolving door in the front of the center B. Brightly lit exit signs C. Absence of decorations on the walls D. None of the above
D. None of the above
The health effects of the 2010 oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico on the workers and residents, the food supply, and the fishing industry demonstrates the relationship between environmental health and personal health. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the factors that are addressed in environmental health are: A. Water, air, and waste B. Economics and governmental structure C. Areas that we live, work, and play D. Physical, chemical, and biological
D. Physical, chemical, and biological
A nurse is caring for a young woman in a same sex relationship. The woman frequently presents to the ER with vague injuries and the nurse is beginning to suspect that the woman is being physically abused by her partner. How should the nurse proceed? A. Inform the physician. B. Give her a pamphlet about escaping domestic violence. C. Notify the police. D. Refer her to a social worker and engage her in discussion about creating a safety plan.
D. Refer her to a social worker and engage her in discussion about creating a safety plan.
A nurse is presenting a lecture about providing nursing and medical care during wars and in conflict areas. The nurse is discussing how war has changed in the last few decades. Which of the following statements is correct? A. There are more wars currently than in the past. B. War-related deaths have increased in the past decade. C. Fewer countries have weapons of mass destruction due to increased world condemnation of such weapons. D. Reporting of wars and war crimes has increased.
D. Reporting of wars and war crimes has increased.
A nurse educator is preparing a lesson on the issues surrounding the Affordable Care Act and universal health care. In 2005, which organization passed a resolution that states that every person should be able to access health-care services regardless of economic status? A. The Supreme Court B. The World Health Organization C. The United Nations D. The World Health Assembly
D. The World Health Assembly
A PHN notices that the Air Quality Index measures 120 for an area. The PHN knows that this means that: A. The air quality is good. B. The air quality is unhealthy. C. The air quality is hazardous. D. The air quality is moderate affecting the most sensitive individuals.
D. The air quality is moderate affecting the most sensitive individuals.
13. A PHN knows that the ambient air standard, which is the highest level of a pollutant in a specific place over a specific period of time that is not hazardous for humans, is most influenced by: A. Wind B. Weather C. Population D. The surrounding built environment
D. The surrounding built environment