Pornography
Sartre On Sex
Desire is driven toward possession of another subjectivity A persistent desire because it cannot be fulfilled How does our mind grasp others? How are we grasped in turn?
Donnerstein et al., (1987)
Greater acceptance of rape and rape myths among males who watched violent pornography in which the victim eventually enjoyed what was done to her. Some subjects were aroused even when suffering was obvious
Why Pornography?
The modern woman has her choice of men The modern woman has the ability to evaluate a man's performance The female in pornography is: Unselective Satisfied, often ecstatic, regardless of what is done to her Uneducated in her own sexuality May be unwilling at first, but enjoys what is done to her after some coaxing, perhaps force Shades of colonialism Possession of female subjectivity
Simone de Beauvoire
Women's identity as defined by a conflation of the social and biological Whereas male sexuality is characterized by agency, female sexuality is characterized by passivity and purity For females, the association of sex and pleasure remains uncertain and nebulous. In sexual discourse, women are taught to respond to male actions and not to be initiators.
normative pornography theories
conservative moralist libereal feminist theory
mitigating the effect
debriefing helps learning that women were not responsible helps rape myths and inaccuracy helpds
Violent porn
degradation and explicit violence
Non-violent porn
degradation without explicit violence
arousal
men more aroused than women sex offenders like sexual violence classical conditioning
studying effects of sexual media on children?
stays with them for years
rape narratives
vamp: sexy woman that is asking for it virgin: pure women that is attacked by the mosnter
Deontological Analysis
emphasis on public ideals
Utilitarian Analysis
emphasis on welfare
Individual Liberties
freedom of speech
negative effects
from violent porn intermediate from non violent
Judith Butler
Gender Trouble (1990) Gender as performative The performance is forced, but necessarily intended to look natural. Challenging gender roles becomes deformity rather than agency
Erotica
Portrayals of sexuality without degradation