POSC 100, Exam #4
What is the most important factor in predicting whether an individual votes?
Educational level or Political Environment
If a person enjoys the benefits of a groups collective efforts but does not contribute to those efforts, he or she is called a:
Free rider
The solidary benefits of interest groups include
Friendship, networking, and consciousness raising
What is the most important and beneficial resource that lobbyists provide government officials?
Information
Which of the following is NOT one of the potential disadvantages of shifting away from traditional media and toward digital media?
Less "horse race" coverage during elections
Many interest groups are initially organized because
A political entrepreneur with a strong commitment to to a particular set of goals believes a group will promote his or her goals and enhance his or her political influence.
A benefit that is sought by an interest group and that once achieved cannot be denied to non members is called _____
Collective goods
________ occurs when one party controls the presidency while another party controls one or both houses of Congress.
Divided party government
Interest groups are permitted to spend as much money as they want on issue advocacy during a campaign season as long as they ____
Don't coordinate their efforts with the candidate's own campaign organization
Since the 1930's, the number and scale of interest groups at the national level has ____
Dramatically increased
One way AARP has been effective at overcoming the free rider program is by providing ______ benefits
Selective
Between the Civil War and the 1960s, the ________ was a Democratic stronghold.
South
Which of the following news sources reaches the most Americans?
Television
The free rider problem occurs because
The benefits of a group's actions are broadly available and cannot be denied to non members
How do interest groups use litigation as a strategy of influence?
They file amicae curiae briefs, finance lawsuits, and bring a suit on behalf of their group
Which of the following statements concerning third parties is true?
Third parties often have their programs adopted by one of the two major parties.
The most important selection bias in news is the
audience appeal of a story.
The Tea Party movement is an
organized challenge to incumbents in the Republican Party by the most conservative wing of the Republican Party.
Priming refers to the
process of preparing the public to bring specific criteria to mind when evaluating a politician or issue.
State ballot access laws, such as registration fees and petition requirements, have the effect of
reducing the number of third-party and independent candidates who can run for office.
Primary elections were introduced by
reformers at the start of the 1900s who hoped to weaken the power of party leaders.
Organized interest group enhance American democracy by
representing interest of large number of people and encourage political participation
The primary responsibility for conducting public elections rests with
state and local governments or political parties
A political party is an organization
that tries to influence the government by getting its members elected to office.
The BBC in Britain is owned by
the government but allowed to report whatever it wants.
it is difficult for political scientists to categorize unrepresented interests because
there are no organizations that can present their identities and demands
public interest groups differ from other types of interest groups in that
they claim to serve the common good, not just their own particular interests
The practice of lobbying is protected by the ____
1st amendment
_____ states currently require all voters to show some form of ID before voting at the polls.
32
AARP has approximately ____ members today
38 million
Approximately _____ percent of eligible voters turnout for midterm congressional elections.
6-10
The power of the media to draw public attention to particular issues and problems is called
agenda-setting
Which of the following is theoretical assumption of pluralism?
competition among interest will produce balance, with all interest regulating each other.
Lobbying is an attempt by an individual or group to influence the passage of ___________ by exerting ________ pressure on members of congress
legislation, direct
The ________ provides candidates for the same political office equal opportunities to communicate their messages.
equal time rule
The greatest challenge for journalism organizations today is
generating enough revenue to finance traditional investigative journalism.
What are the primary variables for predicting the likelihood of joining an interest group?
having higher income and education
It is likely that eliminating state-level voter registration laws would ________ voter turnout among ________.
increase; younger people
The best description of the idea of pluralism is that
interest groups should be free to compete for governmental influence
The free rider phenomenon is more problematic as the size of the group becomes _____
larger