Positioning Tests and Quizzes: RAD 130

For all exams of the upper extremity, the minimum required SID is 48". Select one: True False

False

The term that means towards the head of the body is: Select one: a. Cepahlic b. Medial c. Proximal d. Caudal

a. Cephalic

How many projections would typically be needed for a radiographic examination of the wrist? Select one: a. 1 b. 3 c. 2

b. 3

A person lying on their back is termed: Select one: a. decubitus b. lateral c. supine d. prone

c. supine

The term that describes near the skin surface is:

superficial

As a general rule, a grid is required if the body part thickness measures more than:

10 cm

In the foot, there are how many phalanges?

14

If a patient is unable to completely extend their arm out, what views will you do for an elbow examination?

2 AP elbows: Forearm parallel and Humerus parallel Lateral elbow

The total number of bones in the foot is:

26

The upper margin of the scapula is at the level of the _____ rib and lower margin at the ____ rib. Select one: a. 5th and 10th anterior ribs b. 5th and 10th posterior ribs c. 2nd and 7th anterior ribs d. 2nd and 7th posterior ribs

2nd and 7th posterior ribs

The number of tarsal bones in the foot total:

7

Please match the following projection to the degree of angulation of the CR. 1. Perpendicular to the IR. 2. 10 - 15 degrees towards the calcaneus 3. 10 degrees toward the calcaneus 4. 40 degrees towards the calcaneus A. AP Toe B. AP Foot C. Oblique Foot D. PA Axial of the calcaneus

A- 2 B- 3 C- 1 D- 4

Weight-bearing images of the foot are taken to visualize the arches of the foot. Please match the projection obtained and the arches best visualized. 1. Transverse arch 2. Longitudinal arches A. Mediolateral projection B. AP projection C. Lateromedial projection

A- Mediolateral projection B- AP projection

A patient arrives to the department with an ankle exam ordered. There was gross deformity to the ankle area. The knee and tib/fib appeared to be in an AP position and the foot was in a lateral position. What images would a radiographer need to attempt to achieve?

AP Ankle Cross table lateral

What views should be obtained when a patient most likely has a proximal humeral head fracture and the physician is also concerned with the shoulder joint?

AP neutral shoulder Transthoracic Lateral

Injury of the the anterioinferior labrum of the shoulder from dislocation is called:

Bankhart Lesion

The patella is drawn into the intercondyloid sulcus when the knee is overextended. Select one: True False

False

The reason forearm exams are performed AP instead of PA is to ensure that the radius and ulna are crossed over one another. Select one: True False

False

When placed in anatomical position, the anatomical structure that is located more medially is the capitulum. Select one: True False

False

Tangential view of the intertubercular groove is called:

Fisk Method

The position in which the patient is laying with your head above your feet is termed:

Fowler position

Oblique view of the humeral head (45 degrees caudally) is:

Garth Method

For transthoracic views of the humerus and shoulder girdle, it is recommended that a breathing technique is utilized. Explain what a breathing technique is.

High time, low mA Helps to blur out the ribs and other markings in order to view the humerus and shoulder girdle in question

What is the difference between a Trauma "Y" view shoulder and Lateral scapula while positioning?

Lateral Scapula: patient reaches affected arm across their chest to touch opposite shoulder (pulls scapula away from the thoracic cage) Trauma "Y" Shoulder: patient leaves the affected arm at their side

Please explain how the flexion of the knee varies from a lateral knee as compared to a lateral tibia/fibula exam?

Lateral tib/fib knee: flexed about 20 degrees (slightly) to ensure knee and ankle joints are on the IR Lateral knee: flexed about 45 degrees to open up the knee joints

To see the supraspinatus outlet (Y view with a caudal angle of 10-15 degrees) is called:

Neer Method

If a patient comes in with a gross deformity to the forearm like an "S" shape in their arm, what views of the forearm would you do? Remember this is a case where the patient probably cannot move their arm.

PA forearm and x-table lateral forearm

If the patient comes to the department with a gross deformity or acute trauma to the wrist and holding it close to their body with no movement. What views would one perform to minimize pain and further injury to the wrist?

PA wrist and x-table lateral wrist

A radiograph of a transthoracic lateral projection reveals that it is difficult to visualize the proximal humerus due to the ribs and lung markings. The following exposure factors were used: 75 kVp, 30 mAs, 40 inch SID, grid, and suspended respiration. Which of the following changes will improve the visibility of the proximal humerus?

Patient should breath normally (short shallow breaths if possible); causes motion in the rib cage and shows the humerus better Increase time by decreasing mA which would increase the mAs up ot 62.5 and higher

In the evaluation criteria for a lateral elbow radiograph, please identify the 3 concentric arcs.

The three concentric arcs are: trochlea sulcus, the outer ridges of the capitulum and trochlea, and the trochlear (semilunar) notch

The medial malleolus is located on which bone?

Tibia

Where is the CR positioned for a Trauma "Y" view shoulder and Lateral scapula?

Trauma "Y" at the scapulohumeral joint Lateral Scapula at the midvertebral border of the scapula

It is best practice to shield all patients for the upper extremity exams since the gonadal area is directly under the table and the primary beam when seated for these exams. Select one: True False

True

It is important to flex the elbow 90 degrees in order to position the wrist in a true lateral. Select one: True False

True

True or False: Regulates body activities with electrical impulses: Nervous System Eliminates solid waste from the body: Digestive System Reproduces the organism: Reproductive System Supports and protects many soft tissues of the body: Skeletal System Eliminates carbon dioxide from the the blood: Respiratory System

True

When imaging the first digit, it is important to include all of the metacarpal including the carpometacarpal joint. Select one: True False

True

When placed in anatomical position, the capitulum is located on the lateral aspect of the distal humerus. Select one: True False

True

What is the central ray location for a left 2nd digit? Select one: a. 2nd PIP Joint b. 2nd DIP Joint c. 2nd MCP Joint

a. 2nd PIP joint

In order to open up the knee joint better in the AP projection (for a hypersthenic patient), the central ray should be angled: Select one: a. 3-5 degrees cephalad b. 0 degrees, perpendicular to the IR c. 3-5 degrees caudad

a. 3-5 degrees cephalad

From the prone position, how far should a hand be rotated for an oblique projection of the hand? Select one: a. 45 degrees b. 60 degrees c. 30 degrees d. 15 degrees

a. 45 degrees

From the prone position, how much should the hand be rotated for an oblique projection of the wrist? Select one: a. 45 degrees b. 15 degrees c. 60 degrees d. 30 degrees

a. 45 degrees

The standard internal oblique of the ankle requires what degree of rotation? Select one: a. 45 degrees medial rotation b. 15 degrees medial rotation c. 15 degrees lateral rotation d. 45 degrees lateral rotation

a. 45 degrees medial rotation

A lateral movement of the arm or leg away from the body or midline is termed: a. Abduction b. Eversion c. Inversion d. Adduction

a. Abduction

Standing erect, facing forward with the palms of the hands forward, describes which of the following? Select one: a. Anatomical position b. Trendelenburg position c. Sim's position d. Oblique position

a. Anatomical position

Radiographs of the AC joints must always be taken: Select one: a. Bilaterally with and without weights b. Unilaterally with and without weights c. Recumbent d. Individually

a. Bilaterally with and without weights

Choose the list that best describes an inferiosuperior, axial projection (Lawrence Method) of the shoulder. Select one: a. CR is directed to the axilla. The cassette is above the shoulder against the patient's neck. The patient's arm is abducted 90 degrees. b. CR is directed to the sternoclavicular joint and 15 cephalic. The cassette is under teh patient. The patient's shoulder is rotated medially. c. CR is directed to the midcarpals. The cassette is under the patient. The patient's hand is pronated. d. CR is angles 15 degrees cephalic and directed to the coracoid process. The 10X12 cassette is in the bucky. The patient has the affected arm by their side.

a. CR is directed to the axilla. The cassette is above the shoulder against the patient's neck. The patient's arm is abducted 90 degrees.

Situation: A geriatric patient comes to the radiology department for a study of the knee. The patient is unsteady and unsure of himself. Which intercondylar fossa projection would provide the best results without the risk of injury to the patient? Select one: a. Camp-Coventry method b. Homblad method c. Settagast method d. Hughston method

a. Camp-Conventry Method

A bone that has a complete fracture and is breaking through the skin is a ________ fracture. Select one: a. Compound b. Impacted c. Spiral d. Greenstick

a. Compound

The primary center for bone ossification occurs at the: Select one: a. Diaphysis b. Epiphyses c. Epiphyseal plates d. Metaphysis

a. Diaphysis

This type of fracture is on one side of the bone only and is considered to be an incomplete fracture. It is most often seen in pediatric patients. Select one: a. Greenstick fracture b. Complete fracture c. Colle's Fracture d. Monteggia fracture

a. Greenstick fracture

Pertaining to the aspect of a body part closest to the mid-line of the body, is termed: Select one: a. medial b. external c. proximal d. lateral

a. Medial

Which routine (non-trauma) projection/position best demonstrates the coronoid process? Select one: a. Medial Oblique b. Lateral c. AP d. Lateral Oblique

a. Medial Oblique

A radiograph of the elbow demonstrates the radius directly superimposed over the ulna and the coronoid process in profile. Which projection of the elbow has been performed? Select one: a. Medial Oblique b. Lateral Oblique c. AP d. Lateral

a. Medial oblique

The anatomical structures of the knee that responsible for acting as shock absorbers and help maintain fluid movement of the knee joint are termed: Select one: a. Menisci b. cruciate ligaments c. Condyles d. collateral ligaments

a. Menisci

The bones that make up the palm of the hand are: Select one: a. Metacarpals b. Phalanges c. Carpals

a. Metacarpals

Another name for the ball catcher's view is the: Select one: a. Norgaard Method b. Stecher Method c. Boxer's Method d. PA oblique

a. Norgaard Method

Rotating the hand so that the palm is down is termed: Select one: a. Pronation b. Abduction c. Supination d. Adduction

a. Pronation

The position a patient would be in if s/he is turned exactly half-way between a P.A. projection and the right lateral position is a 45 degree: Select one: a. RAO position b. RPO position c. LPO position d. LAO position

a. RAO position

A carpal bone is an example of what type of bone? Select one: a. Short b. Flat c. Irregular d. Long

a. Short

How can the correct amount of rotation of the leg (if any) be determined when positioning a Mortise position (AP medial oblique) of the ankle? Select one: a. The intermalleolar line is placed parallel to the IR surface. b. The foot is positioned so that the long axis of the foot is parallel with the IR. c. The intermalleolar line is placed perpendicular to the IR surface. d. The foot is positioned so that the toes point straight up

a. The intermalleolar line is placed parallel to the IR surface.

What is the rounded projection located on the anterior, proximal portion of the tibia called? Select one: a. Tibial tuberosity b. Mallelous c. Tibial condyle d. Anterior crest

a. Tibial Tuberosity

The patient is lying prone on the stretcher. The x-ray beam is directed horizontally and enters the right side of the body and exits the left side. The image receptor is against the patient's left side. Which specific position was performed? Select one: a. Ventral decubitus b. Left lateral decubitus c. Right lateral decubitus d. Dorsal decubitus

a. Ventral decubitus

Which structure of the bone contains the sustentaculum tali? Select one: a. Calcaneus b. Talus c. Tibia d. Navicular

a. calcaneus

When performing an AP external shoulder, which bony anatomy is seen in profile? Select one: a. Greater tubercle b. Coracoid process c. Lesser Tubercle d. Acromion process

a. greater tubercle

To radiograph the 5th toe in the oblique position would require _____rotation of the foot. Select one: a. Lateral (external) b. No rotation c. medial (internal)

a. lateral (external)

For the 4th digit, the rotation for an oblique view would be in a: Select one: a. lateral rotation b. medial rotation c. no rotation d. internal rotation

a. lateral rotation

The is plane that divides the the body into lateral parts (Left and Right)? Select one: a. Sagittal b. Oblique c. Coronal d. Transverse

a. sagittal

Rotation of the forearm so the palm is facing up is termed: a. Supination b. Rotation c. Pronation d. Hyperflexion

a. supination

What is one advantage of the lateromedial projection of the foot? Select one: a. The foot assumes a more true lateral position. b. It better demonstrates the intertarsal joints. c. It opens up the subtalar joint. d. It is more comfortable for the patient

a. the foot assumes a more true lateral position

What is the name of the joint between the clavicle and the scapula?

acromioclavicular joint

A projection using a a CR angle of 10 degrees or more directed along the long axis of the body or part is termed:

axial projection

The correct central ray location for an AP internal rotation projection of the shoulder is the: Select one: a. 2 inches below the acromion process b. 1 inch below the the coracoid process c. 1 inch below the acromion process d. 2 inches below the coracoid process

b. 1 inch below the coracoid process

Golden rule number one states long bones require: Select one: a. 3 views (AP/PA, oblique, lateral) b. 2 views 90 degrees from one another.

b. 2 views 90 degrees from one another.

The total number of bones in an average adult is: Select one: a. 216 b. 206 c. 126 d. 326

b. 206

For an AP projection the knee, the epicondylar line must be parallel with the image receptor, meaning this knee must be rotated: Select one: a. 3-5 degrees externally b. 3-5 degrees internally c. 5-7 degrees internally d. 5-7 externally

b. 3-5 degrees internally

Movement of a part away from the midline of the body is: Select one: a. Adduction b. Abduction c. Inversion d. Eversion

b. Abduction

The positively charge side of the x-ray tube is the: Select one: a. Cathode b. Anode

b. Anode

In reference to the ligaments in the knee, which ligament is responsible for preventing the tibia from slipping forward past the knee? Select one: a. Lateral collateral ligaments b. Anterior cruciate ligament c. Medial collateral ligament d. Posterior cruciate ligament

b. Anterior cruciate ligament

Describe the central ray for an AP foot projection. Select one: a. CR is directed to the base of the 3rd metatarsal and angled 10 caudad. b. CR is directed to the base of the 3rd metatarsal and angled 10 degrees cephalad. c. CR is directed to the mid-tarsals ans angled 10 degrees caudad. d. CR is directed to the mid-tarsals with no angle

b. CR is directed to the base of the 3rd metatarsal and angled 10 degrees cephalad

Which of the following structures is located more laterally? Select one: a. Proximal radioulnar joint b. Capitulum c. Trochlea d. Coronoid tubercle

b. Capitulum

The term that means moving a body part in circular motion is: Select one: a. Circulating b. Circumduction c. Abduction d. Tangential

b. Circumduction

The metacarpophalangeal joint of the first digit is an example of which type of joint? Select one: a. Gliding joint b. Ellipsoid joint c. Hinge joint d. Saddle joint

b. Ellipsoid joint

Which rotation best demonstrates the greater tuberosity of the humeral head in profile? Select one: a. Internal b. External

b. External

Which bone is more lateral in the lower leg? Select one: a. Tibia b. Fibula

b. Fibula

Of the choices below, which anatomical part is more proximal to the elbow? Select one: a. Wrist b. Forearm c. Humerus d. Fingers

b. Forearm

Which bony landmarks are palpated for positioning of the elbow? Select one: a. Trochlea and capitulum b. Humeral epicondyles c. Radial and Ulnar Styloid processes d. Humeral condyles

b. Humeral epicondyles

In this fracture, one fragment is firmly driven into the other: Select one: a. Compound b. Impacted c. Greenstick d. Spiral

b. Impacted

A patient is erect with the back to the image receptor. The left side of the body is turned 45 degrees toward the image receptor. What is this position? Select one: a. LAO b. LPO c. RPO d. RAO

b. LPO

In which view of the hand would one visualize the second through fifth metacarpals completely superimposed? Select one: a. Ball Catcher's view b. Lateral c. PA d. Oblique

b. Lateral

The cuboid's location in the foot is more: Select one: a. Medial b. Lateral

b. Lateral

Which routine (non-trauma) projection/position best demonstrates the radial head and neck? Select one: a. Lateral b. Lateral Oblique c. AP d. Medial Oblique

b. Lateral Oblique

Which view of the elbow best visualizes the radial had and neck free of superimposition? Select one: a. Medial Oblique elbow b. Lateral oblique elbow c. Lateral elbow d. AP elbow

b. Lateral oblique elbow

When performing the lateral projection of the 4th or 5th digit, you should rest the patient's hand on the __________ surface. Select one: a. Dorsal b. Medial c. Lateral d. Palmar

b. Medial

When radiographing the knee for the patella, one should do a/an: Select one: a. AP projection b. PA projection

b. PA Projection

Is the ankle proximal or distal to the toes? Select one: a. Distal b. Proximal

b. Proximal

Carpal bones are classified as: Select one: a. Flat bones b. Short bones c. Long bones d. Irregular bones

b. Short bones

An immovable, fibrous joint of the skull is known as: Select one: a. Syndesmosis b. Suture c. Gomphosis d. Ball and Socket

b. Suture

Which of the following is not consideration a type of bone classification? Select one: a. Short bones b. Synovial bones c. Irregular Bones d. Flat Bones

b. Synovial bones

The joints distal to the carpals are the: Select one: a. Radiocarpal Joints b. Carpometacarpal joints

b. carpometacarpal joints

The distal tibiofibular joint is classified as: Select one: a. synarthrodial b. fibrous c. diarthrodial d. synovial

b. fibrous

Which projection of the knee will best demonstrate the styloid process (apex) of the fibula? Select one: a. lateral oblique b. medial oblique c. Lateral d. AP

b. medial oblique

Identify the correct central ray location for an AP ankle: Select one: a. Base of the 3rd metatarsal b. Midway between the malleoli c. 1/2" distal to the apex d. Mid-tarsals

b. midway between the malleoli

The term that means two items running along each other in the same plane is: Select one: a. perpendicular b. parallel

b. parallel

Fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial are different types of which joint classification? Select one: a. Functional joint classifications b. Structural joint classifications

b. structural joint classifications

The femoropatellar joint is classified as a _________ joint with the movement type of_________. Select one: a. fibrous, immovable b. synovial, sellar c. Synovial; ginglymus d. synovial, plane

b. synovial, sellar

A lateral knee radiograph that is over-rotated toward the image receptor can be recognized by which of the following? Select one: a. The fibular head will appear more superimposed by the tibia than a true lateral. b. The fibular head will appear less superimposed by the tibia than a true lateral. c. The medial condyle of the femur will appear more posterior. d. Both A and C are correct.

b. the fibular head will appear less superimposed by the tibia than a true lateral

The Homblad method for the intercondyloid fossa requires that the patient leans forward so that their femur is approximately: Select one: a. 40-45 degrees from vertical b. 20-30 degrees from vertical c. 60-70 degrees from vertical d. 90 degrees from vertical

c. 20-30 degrees from vertical

How many bones are in the hand and wrist? Select one: a. 14 b. 8 c. 27 d. 5

c. 27

A patient is positioned for a hand radiograph. There is a 40 inch SID, and there is a sponge beneath the hand that is creating a 3 inch OID. What is the SOD? Select one: a. 40 inches b. 20 inches c. 37 inches d. 43 inches

c. 37 inches

How much rotation of the distal humerus and forearm is required for the AP medial oblique projection of the elbow? Select one: a. 20 degrees b. 60 degrees c. 45 degrees d. 30 degrees

c. 45 degrees

Which metatarsal is more commonly a site for trauma? Select one: a. 1st b. 4th c. 5th d. 2nd

c. 5th

What CR angle should be used for a lateral projection of the knee on a short, wide pelvis patient? Select one: a. No CR angle is required b. 5 degrees cephalad c. 7 to 10 degrees cephalad d. 5 to 10 degrees caudad

c. 7 to 10 degrees cephalad

1. Situation: Patient enters the ED with a possible transverse fracture of the patella. Which of the following routines would safely provide the best images of the patella? a. PA and 45-degree PA oblique with medial rotation b. AP and Merchant method c. AP and horizontal beam lateral, no flexion d. AP and 5 to 10 degrees flexion lateral

c. AP and horizontal lateral, no flexion

Which special projection of the knee requires that the patient be placed in the supine position with a 40-degree flexion of the knee with CR angled 30 degrees from the long axis of the femur? Select one: a. Tangential, Hughston method b. PA Axial, Homblad mehod c. Bilateral Merchant method d. PA axial, Camp-Coventry method

c. Bilateral Merchant method

Angling the tube away from the head is a ______________ angle. Select one: a. Superior b. Cephalic c. Caudal d. Cranial

c. Caudal

To decrease the angle between the anterior surface of the foot and anterior surface of the lower leg is described as: Select one: a. Plantoflexion b. Hyperextension c. Dorsiflexion

c. Dorsiflexion

Based on its movement, the elbow joint is classified as a: Select one: a. Trochoidal/pivot b. Ellipsoidal c. Hinge/Ginglymus joint d. Plane/Gliding

c. Hinge/Ginglymus joint

Short scale contrast is primarily the result of: Select one: a. High kVp b. Scatter radiation c. Low kVp d. Collimation

c. Low kVp

Which plane would divide the body into equal right and left halves? Select one: a. Coronal b. Midcoronal c. Midsagittal d. Sagittal

c. Midsagittal

1. Where is the central ray location for the AC joints? a. Centered on the left AC joint b. Centered on the right AC joint c. Midsagittal plane at the level of the acromio-clavicular joints. d. Centered on the shoulder joint

c. Midsagittal plane at the level of the acromio-clavicular joints.

Which of the following projections would best demonstrate the Scaphoid and the Trapezium? Select one: a. Lateral Wrist b. PA wrist c. Oblique Wrist

c. Oblique Wrist

How do you get an AP projection of the elbow when the patient cannot straighten their arm? Select one: a. Angle the CR to make it perpendicular to the elbow. b. Take the normal AP realizing there may be some distortion present c. Obtain two AP's, one with the humerus parallel to the IR, and one wit the forearm parallel to the IR. d. Help them straighten their arm

c. Obtain two AP's, one with the humerus parallel to the IR, and one with the forearm parallel to the IR.

The base of each metatarsal is considered to be at the _______ end of the bone when in anatomical position. Select one: a. Laterally b. Distal c. Proximal d. Inferiorly

c. Proximal

A radiograph of a an AP knee reveals rotation with almost total superimposition of the fibular head and the proximal tibia. What must the technologist do to correct this positioning error on the repeat exposure? Select one: a. Rotate the knee laterally b. Nothing, this is an acceptable image. c. Rotate the knee medially d. Angle the CR slightly more cephalad.

c. Rotate the knee medially

The joint classification for the Scapulohumeral joint is: Select one: a. Trochoid b. Plane c. Spheroidal d. Saddle

c. Spheroidal

What process or part of the tibia is important in diagnosing Osgood Schlatter's disease? Select one: a. Tibial Plateau b. Intercondyloid sulcus c. Tibial tuberosity d. Intercondyloid eminence

c. Tibial tuberosity

Which body system regulates the chemical composition of the blood and eliminates many waste products? Select one: a. Endocrine b. Circulatory c. Urinary d. Digestive

c. Urinary

The purpose of angling the tube for the scaphoid/navicular view of the wrist is to: Select one: a. to foreshorten the scaphoid b. To open the joint spaces c. be perpendicular to the scaphoid d. be parallel to the scaphoid

c. be perpendicular to the scaphoid

What type of joint movement do the intercarpal joints have? Select one: a. condyloid b. hinge c. gliding d. saddle

c. gliding

Which of the following structures is located on the distal aspect of the ulna? Select one: a. Semilunar notch b. Olecranon process c. Head d. Coronoid process

c. head

As you position a patient for a shoulder exam, how can you determine if the arm is rotated sufficiently for an internal rotation of the shoulder? Select one: a. the coracoid process is perpendicular to the IR b. the acromion process is parallel to the IR c. humeral epicondyles are perpendicular to the IR d. humeral epicondyles are parallel to the IR

c. humeral epicondyles are perpendicular to the IR

The deep depression between the the condyles of the distal femur is referred to as the: Select one: a. Anterior fossa b. Tibial plateau c. Intercondylar fossa d. Popliteal region

c. intercondylar fossa

If a patient is upright with their left side to the image receptor, what position are they in? Select one: a. Left lateral decubitus position b. Right lateral position c. Left lateral position d. Right lateral decubitus position

c. left lateral position

A tunnel view or intercondylar fossa view requires that the central ray be perpendicular to the: Select one: a. femur b. Foot c. Lower leg d. patella

c. lower leg

The posterior aspect of the knee is called the: Select one: a. Condylar region b. Anterior region c. Popliteal region d. Femoral plateau

c. popliteal region

What accessory is needed to properly image the AC joints under stress? Select one: a. Lead shielding for their protection b. Fans to cool themselves c. Sand bags or some other form of weight d. A boomerang filter behind their shoulders.

c. sandbags or some other form of weight

What type of movement does an amphiarthrotic joint have? Select one: a. Immovable b. Freely movable c. Slightly movable

c. slightly movable

A fracture site that has 2 or fractures causing 3 or more fragments of bone is termed:

comminuted

Which bony projection of the scapula extends anteriorly beneath the clavicle?

coracoid process

The three main primary reasons for doing at least 2 projections of the body part: 1. localization of foreign bodies 2. visualization of superimposed structures 3. determination of fracture alignment Select one: a. 1 and 2 b. 2 and 3 c. 1 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3

d. 1,2, and 3

Where is the central ray location for an AP projection of the knee? Select one: a. 1/2 inch distal to the base of the patella b. 1/2 inch distal to the femoral epicondyles c. 1 inch below the medial condyle d. 1/2 inch below the apex of the patella

d. 1/2 inch below the apex of the patella

The scaphoid or navicular view with ulnar deviation requires an angulation of: Select one: a. 20-25 degrees towards the fingers b. 10-15 degrees towards the fingers c. 20-25 degrees towards the elbow d. 10-15 degrees towards the elbow

d. 10-15 degrees towards the elbow

An axial AP projection of the clavicle requires _________ degrees and angled in the __________ direction. Select one: a. 30-45 degrees, cephalic b. 30-45 degrees, caudad c. 15-30 degrees, caudad d. 15-30 degrees, cephalic

d. 15-30 degrees, cephalic

When imaging a body part that contains a joint, what is the minimum number of views required? Select one: a. 2 b. 1 c. 4 d. 3

d. 3

When performing a medial oblique foot, what is the degree of obliquity for the foot? Select one: a. 90 degrees b. 20-30 degrees c. 10-15 degrees d. 30-45 degrees

d. 30-45 degrees

When performing a Grashey method on a patient, the degree of rotation is: Select one: a. 20-30 degrees towards the unaffected side b. 35-45 degrees towards the unaffected side. c. 20-30 degrees towards the affected side d. 35-45 degrees towards the affected side

d. 35-45 degrees towards the affected side

The central rays for a 2 view AP clavicle examination are: Select one: a. Midshaft of the clavicle with the central perpendicular b. Midshaft of the clavicle with a 15 degree cephalic angle c. Midshaft of the clavicle with a 15 degree caudal angle d. A and B only e. A, B, and C

d. A and B only

What is the standard term for a dorso-plantar projection of the foot? Select one: a. Lateral b. PA c. Medial Oblique d. AP

d. AP

Situation: A patient comes to the radiology department for a knee study with special interest in the region of the proximal tibiofibular joint and the lateral condyle of the tibia. Which of the following positioning routines should the technologist obtain? Select one: a. AP, lateral, and PA Axial intercondylar fossa b. AP, lateral, and lateral oblique knee. c. AP and lateral knee d. AP, lateral, and medial oblique knee.

d. AP, lateral, and medial oblique knee

The purpose of performing the Noorgard method is to check for: Select one: a. foreign bodies b. dislocations c. fractures d. arthritis

d. Arthritis

When performing a lower leg examination, what may one do to ensure that the entire tiba and fibula will included on the image receptor? Select one: a. Increase SID b. Place the IR on a diagonal plane c. Increase kVP d. Both A and B

d. Both A and B

Choose the best positioning parameters for a lateral scapula. Select one: a. CR is directed to the midscapula. Arm of the affected side is adducted. Patient stands or lays in a true AP position. b. CR id directed tot he acromioclavicular joint with a 15 degree cephalic angle and centered to the cassette. The patient is in a true lateral position and the affected arm is adducted next to the body. c. CR is directed to the scapulohumeral joint and centered to the cassette. The patient is in a true lateral position with the affected arm in a neutral position. d. CR is directed to the midvertebral border of the scapula and centered to the cassette. Patient places hand of affected side on the opposite shoulder and stands in an anterior oblique position facing the wall bucky with the body of the scapula perpendicular to the IR.

d. CR is directed to the midvertebral border of the scapula and centered to the cassette. Patient places hand of affected side on the opposite shoulder and stands in an anterior oblique position facing the wall bucky with the body of the scapula perpendicular to the IR.

A radiograph of a PA axial projection for intercondylar fossa does NOT demonstrate the fossa well. It is foreshortened. The following positioning factors were used: patient prone, knee flexed 40 to 45 degrees, CR angled to be perpendicular to the femur 40 -inch SID, and no rotation of the lower limb. Based on the factors used, what changes need to be made to produce a more diagnostic image? Select one: a. Rotate the lower extremity 10 degrees medially. b. Increase SID to at least 48 inches. c. Reduce flexion of the knee to 20 to 30 degrees. d. CR must be perpendicular to the lower leg.

d. CR must be perpendicular to the lower leg

Which of the following methods best demonstrates the intercondyloid fossa? Select one: a. Caldwell b. Merchant c. Settegast d. Camp Conventry

d. Camp Coventry

What is the largest carpal bone in size? Select one: a. Scaphoid b. Pisiform c. Hamate d. Capitate

d. Capitate

Which of the following fractures would result in the splintered ends of a bone forced through the skin? Select one: a. Avulsion b. Compression c. Closed d. Compound

d. Compound

The main purpose of curling the fingers for a PA wrist radiograph is: Select one: a. to decrease SOD b. prevent elongation of the carpal bones c. Open all the intercarpal joints d. Decrease OID

d. Decrease OID

To flex a joint means that the angle of the joint is __________. Select one: a. Increased b. Remains the same c. Intact d. Decreased

d. Decreased

The medial malleolus is located on the ___________ aspect of the ___________. Select one: a. Proximal, tibia b. Proximal, fibula c. Distal, fibula d. Distal, tibia

d. Distal, tibia

Who is allowed to make a diagnosis of a radiograph? Select one: a. Nurse b. Patient c. Technologist d. Doctor

d. Doctor

With which of the following does the trapezium articulate? Select one: a. Distal ulna b. Distal radius c. fifth metacarpal d. first metacarpal

d. First metacarpal

What are the names of the two fossae located on the posterior surface of the scapula? Select one: a. Coronoid and radial fossae b. Subscapular fossae c. Olecranon and coronoid fossae d. Infraspinous and Supraspinous fossae

d. Infraspinous and Supraspinous fossae

An inward (medial) stress movement of the ankle is termed _____________. Select one: a. External rotation b. Eversion c. Internal rotation d. Inversion

d. Inversion

The intercondyloid eminence includes two bony projections called the: Select one: a. Intercondyloid sulcus b. Medial and lateral tibial plateau c. Intercondyloid fossa d. Medial and lateral tubercles

d. Medial and lateral tubercles

Where in the wrist is the Triquetrum located? Select one: a. Lateral side, distal row b. Lateral side, proximal row c. Medial side, distal row d. Medial side, proximal row

d. Medial side, proximal row

Where is the central ray location for the PA wrist? Select one: a. 3rd MCP joint b. Scaphoid c. Distal radioulnar joint d. Mid carpal region

d. Mid carpal region

The foot should be ______ when imaging the AP ankle. Select one: a. Extended b. Externally obliqued c. Lateral d. Neutral or slightly dorsiflexed

d. Neutral or slightly dorsiflexed

The patient is seated at the end of the table. Their hands started in the supinated position and then rotated 45 degrees internally. The collimation is open to include bilateral hands. What view is being performed? Select one: a. Lateral b. PA hand c. PA Oblique hand d. Norgaard Method

d. Norgaard Method

Pronating the hand will put the thumb in which position? Select one: a. PA b. Lateral c. AP d. Oblique

d. Oblique

1. Which of the following projections/positions of the first digit produces the greatest OID? a. Oblique b. Lateral c. AP d. PA

d. PA

The position that would best demonstrate all the of the digits of the hand free of superimposition and rotation is: Select one: a. Lateral b. Norgaard method c. Oblique d. PA

d. PA

A general positioning rule is to place the long axis of the part _____ to the long axis of the image receptor. Select one: a. Adjacent b. Perpendicular c. Axial d. Parallel

d. Parallel

What structures are best shown in the Grashey Position? Select one: a. The radioulnar joint b. The sterno-clavicular joint c. The acromio-clavicular joint d. The glenoid cavity in profile and the scapulohumeral joint

d. The glenoid cavity in profile and the scapulohumeral joint

Based on their movement, the radioulnar joints are classified as this type of joint: Select one: a. Ellipsoid/Condyloid b. Hinge/Ginglymus c. Plane/Gliding d. Trochoid/Pivot

d. Trochoid/pivot

The central ray location for a lateral ankle image is: Select one: a. Mid-tarsal region b. tibial tuberosity c. Base of the 5th metatarsal d. at the medial malleolus

d. at the medial malleolus

What are the three anatomical features of the clavicle? Select one: a. shaft, sternal extremity, and acromial extremity b. body, sternal end, and acromial end c. capitulum, trochlea, and semilunar notch d. both a and b

d. both a and b

1. Which routine (non-trauma) projection/position best demonstrates the olecranon process? a. Lateral Oblique b. Medial Oblique c. AP d. Lateral

d. lateral

What the central ray location for a mediolateral foot projection? Select one: a. 1 inch below the medial malleolus b. at the medial malleolus c. Base of the first metatarsal d. Medial cuneiform

d. medial cuneiform

Externally rotating the arm will place the epicondyles of the distal humerus: Select one: a. neither perpendicular or parallel b. Perpendicular to the image receptor c. On a 45 degree angle to the image receptor d. Parallel with the image receptor

d. parallel with the image receptor

Which of the following options is NOT one of the 3 arches found in the foot? Select one: a. Medial Arch b. Transverse Arch c. Lateral Arch d. Pedal arch

d. pedal arch

What type of movement do the intertarsal joints have? Select one: a. ginglymus b. condyloid c. trochoid d. plane

d. plane

The posterior visibility of the adductor tubercle on a lateral knee projection indicates: Select one: a. a true lateral knee b. over-rotation of the knee toward the IR. c. the CR should be angled 5 to 7 degrees cephalad. d. under-rotation of the knee toward the IR

d. under-rotation of the knee toward the IR

Which of the following is not part of the appendicular skeleton? Select one: a. Humerus b. Clavicle c. Pelvis d. Tibia e. Skull

e. Skull

The humerus articulates with which part of the scapula?

glenoid cavity/fossa

What projection/position was being attempted on the image above? Please included body part.

right lateral forearm

What is the name of the prominent structure on the posterior scapula which adds strength to the body of the scapula?

scapular spine

Any small "extra" bones found in the foot or other parts of the body are termed:

sesamoid bones

To turn or bend the wrist towards the ulnar side is:

ulnar deviation