POST First Responder First Aid/CPR/AED

When dealing with a victim of an amputation, an officer should not be concerned about locating or preserving the amputated part.

False

The AED pads are not sticking to the victim's chest. Which of the following may be a likely cause?

1) The victim has a wet chest surface, 2) Excessive hair on the victim's chest

In the case of an amputation, which of the following precautions should be taken with the separated body part(s)?

1) Transport the amputated part with the victim if possible, 2) Keep the amputated part dry, 3) Attempt to locate the amputated part, 4) Keep the amputated part cool and protected

Select the image that represents the radial pulse location.

(On the wrist)

Which of the following images shows a victim in the correct recovery position?

(Photo of guy laying on side with knees tucked toward chest)

Which of the following situations indicate a possible psychological emergency?

1) A person is walking through traffic, disoriented, perspiring excessively, and crying; 2) A witness at a murder scene is unresponsive to your commands

A MILD airway obstruction is a condition in which

1) the victim indicates an airway problem but is able to speak or cough 2) an adult is conscious and violently coughing and red in the face from the ordeal

The compression-to-ventilation ratio for one-person CPR on an infant is

30:2

What is the compression-to-ventilation ratio for two-person CPR on an adult?

30:2

Drag the assessment on the left to the first responder action on the right.

Begin Rescue Breathing: Victim not breathing with pulse Begin CPR: Victim not breathing with no pulse Complete secondary assessment: Victim is breathing

Which of these best describes cyanosis? Select your choice.

Bluish skin

Drag the correct numbers to the correct position for one-person adult CPR.

Compression rate (per minute): 100-120 Compression Depth: 2 inches Compression-to-Rescue Breath Ratio: 30:2 Rescue Breath Duration: NOT 3 Seconds

Drag the correct numbers to the correct position for one-person infant CPR.

Compression rate (per minute): 100-120 Pulse location: Brachial Compression-to-Ventilation Ratio: 30:2 Compression Depth: 1/3 Chest depth

Drag the correct numbers to the correct position for one- and two-person child CPR.

Compression rate (per minute): 100-120 Rescue Breath Duration: 1 second Compression-to-Rescue Breath Ratio (one-person CPR): 30:2 Compression-to-Rescue Breath Ratio (two-person CPR): 15:2 Compression Depth: 2 inches or 1/3 chest depth

The first step in the chain of survival is

Immediate recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of the emergency response system

What is the benefit of placing a victim in the recovery position?

It allows drainage from the mouth and prevents the victim's tongue from blocking the airway

The "T" in the DOTS of victim secondary assessment stands for:

Tenderness

An officer who has conducted a secondary assessment of vital signs of a conscious victim should be prepared to advise EMS of their assessment results, including respiratory rate and pulse.

True

Confusion, combativeness, and anxiety may be symptoms of shock.

True

Direct pressure is the most effective method for controlling bleeding and it should be attempted before resorting to other bleeding control options.

True

For an avulsion, when the body part is not completely separated, you should place the separated tissue back in place before applying dressings or pressure bandages.

True

If you are required to perform rescue breathing on a victim whose mouth is injured, a pocket mask may be used in the mask to nose position.

True

Shock is a life-threatening condition.

True

What is the purpose of the secondary assessment?

To discover any other injuries

What are the first aid measures for an impaled object?

1) Stabilize the object to avoid additional damage during treatment, 2) Apply pressure on both sides of the object to control bleeding, 3) Expose the wound

Which of the following statements are true of a tourniquet being used for bleeding control?

1) A tourniquet should only be used for life-threatening conditions where direct pressure has failed. 2) The time of tourniquet placement and its location on the victim should be noted and reported to the EMT's. 3) A tourniquet can be made from any material wide enough so as to not cut into the victim's skin.

Identify which of the following apply to the use of a hemostatic dressing.

1) After applying the dressing, apply direct pressure, 2) Tightly pack the wound with hemostatic gauze

Once an officer suspects that a victim has an altered mental status, which first aid measures should be considered?

1) Calming and reassuring the victim, 2) Taking proper officer/public safety tactics, should the victim's altered mental status escalate, 3) Changing environments

Which of the following steps would apply to conducting a secondary assessment of a conscious victim?

1) Conduct a head-to-toe assessment 2) Gather information regarding the victim and the incident, including patient history 3) Check and document vitals

When treating someone for shock, you should:

1) Control all external bleeding and treat other injuries. 2) Maintain the victim's body temperature. 3) Not give them anything to drink as it may lead to vomiting.

Place the bleeding control measures for an open wound on an extremity in the correct order.

1) Expose the open wound site 2) Assess for possible fractures associated with the open wound 3) Apply direct pressure 4) Apply pressure bandage 5) Apply a tourniquet

Place the following links in the chain of survival in the correct order by dragging each link on the left to the chain (list) on the right.

1) Immediate recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of the emergency response system, 2) Early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with an emphasis on chest compressions, 3) Rapid defibrillation, 4) Effective advanced life support, 5) Integrated post-cardiac arrest care

When the Automated External Defibrillator (AED) advises "Shock indicated":

1) Make sure no one is touching the victim, 2) In a loud, strong voice, call out "Clear!", 3) Press the Shock button

Which of these factors must be kept in mind when performing a secondary assessment?

1) Not pressing hard on any known injury 2) Looking for cuts, bruises, and other signs of injury 3) Checking the victim's body in an orderly way

A victim has a pulse but is not breathing. What first aid measures should be taken?

1) Open the victim's airway with the head-tilt/chin-tilt or jaw thrust maneuver, 2) Begin rescue breathing, 3) If available, place a pocket mask over the victim's nose and mouth and exhale directly into the mask valve for one second

What vital signs should you check during a secondary assessment?

1) Pulse Rate and Character 2) Respiration Rate and Character 3) Skin Temperature and Color 4) Temperature

The AED is unable to complete analysis, which of the following may be a likely cause?

1) Radio frequency interference 2) Excessive movement of the patient 3) Giving rescue breaths during analysis 4) Vehicle motion

What are the effects of shock?

1) Reduced oxygen to body tissues and organs, 2) Low body temperature due to restricted blood flow, 3) Reduced blood flow to body tissues and organs

Which of these are characteristics of respiration?

1) Shallow/Deep; 2) Easy/Labored

Which of the following statements are true of using a tourniquet for bleeding control?

1) The time the tourniquet was applied should be noted/reported to EMTs 2) If the victim is covered, leave the area where the tourniquet is located exposed for EMTs to see

What sources of information might be found at the scene of an accident?

1) The victim 2) Family members 3) Medical alert jewelry 4) Witnesses

At the scene of a vehicle accident, an officer finds a female victim who appears to be in shock and suffering from multiple leg fractures. What actions should the officer take?

1) Treat the victim's injuries, 2) Monitor the victim's vital signs, 3) Reassure the victim

A SEVERE airway obstruction is a condition in which

1) an adult is conscious but unable to speak, cough, or breathe, 2) a victim is unconscious and unable to breathe after the airway finger sweep performed

When performing CPR on a child, the compression depth is 2 inches, or approximately

1/3 chest depth

What is the compression rate for one-person CPR on a child?

100 per minute

What is the normal breathing rate for an adult (puberty and older)?

12 - 20 breaths/minute

The compression-to-ventilation ratio for two-person CPR on a child is

15:2

The compression-to-ventilation ratio for two-person CPR on an infant is

15:2

You are administering abdominal thrusts to a choking and conscious co-worker when she loses consciousness. You open her airway and attempt to give a ventilation but it does not produce a visible chest rise. What are the correct next steps?

Administer chest compressions; check the mouth for any visible obstruction; attempt ventilation

An officer sees a woman suddenly start to choke while eating dinner. She is conscious and making a high-pitched noise. What should the officer do?

Ask her if she is choking and administer abdominal thrusts

After activating EMS, what should an officer do for an unresponsive victim?

Check the victim's airway, breathing, and circulation

When an officer has completed a primary assessment and begins a secondary assessment, what must the officer remember to do?

Check the victim's body for injuries in an orderly manner

Which of the following statements is true regarding direct pressure?

Direct pressure should be applied using a gloved hand or clean dressing until bleeding is controlled.

What type of problem would an officer expect to find while performing a secondary assessment?

Dislocated shoulder

Jewelry does not need to be removed from the patient's chest if the jewelry does not in touch the Automated External Defibrillator (AED) pads.

False

How does an automated external defibrillator (AED) work?

It shocks the heart out of a fatal rhythm so that normal rhythm will resume

Which of these methods is used to open the airway of a victim with a suspected spinal injury?

Jaw-thrust maneuver

Match the airway obstruction conditions to their severity.

Mild: 1) An adult is conscious and violently coughing and red in the face from the ordeal 2) The victim indicates an airway problem but is able to speak or cough Severe: 1) An adult is conscious but unable to speak, cough, or breathe 2) A victim is unconscious and unable to breathe after the airway has been opened and a finger sweep performed.

How long should you feel for a pulse before starting CPR on an adult?

NOT At least 10 seconds but no more than 30

How long should you feel for a pulse before starting CPR on a child?

NOT At least 10 seconds but no more than 30 ?At least 5 seconds but no more than 10?

An infant has an obstructed airway and is conscious. An officer gives 5 back blows but the airway remains obstructed. What should he do next?

NOT Do a finger sweep of the mouth

An officer finds a male victim who appears to be in shock, but does not seem to have any head, neck, or spinal fractures. What is the proper position for treatment?

NOT lying on his side with legs bent

What is the correct hand position for performing abdominal thrusts on a conscious adult?

On the middle of the abdomen, just above the navel and well below the lower tip of the breastbone

What is the correct hand position for clearing a severe airway obstruction on an obese or pregnant adult?

On the midline of the sternum, level with the armpits

The "O" in the DOTS of victim secondary assessment stands for:

Open Injuries

What is the correct hand placement for CPR on an adult?

Photo of hands even with the nipple line

The rapid, systematic process to detect life-threatening conditions is ________ .

Primary assessment

At a construction site, an injured worker has a large piece of metal impaled through his right calf. What are the correct first aid steps?

Stabilize the piece of metal in place with a bulky dressing

Where do you check an infant's pulse before starting CPR?

The brachial artery

When giving back blows or chest thrusts to an infant, what is the correct position for the infant's head and chest?

The head should be lower than the chest

Select the answer that best represents proper steps for applying a hemostatic dressing.

Tightly pack hemostatic gauze, apply direct pressure for 3 to 5 minutes, apply pressure bandage, prepare for transport.

An automated external defibrillator works by stopping the heart so that it can resume a normal rhythm.

True

Someone with no history of mental illness may manifest symptoms of a psychological emergency.

True

The compression-to-ventilation ratio of 30:2 is the same for both one- and two-person CPR on an adult.

True

When giving ventilations to an infant, only use as much air as it takes to fill your cheeks.

True

When providing first aid for a choking victim who is pregnant or obese, chest thrusts should be used instead of abdominal thrusts.

True

You find an accident victim who is unconscious, and there is no evidence of a spinal injury. To ensure an open airway, what should you do?

Use the head-tilt/chin-lift maneuver

At the scene of a traffic collision, you find an unconscious victim inside one of the vehicles with evidence of a neck injury. How do you open the airway?

Use the jaw-thrust maneuver

What could compromise a drowning victim's airway?

Vomit

When it is safe for you to approach a victim, you should attempt to determine the victim's responsiveness by ______.

tapping and shouting