Posterior Pituitary Gland
The pituitary gland secretes ____ major hormones.
9
What is ADH deficiency?
Diabetes insipidus
Alcohol is diuretic/antidiuretic?
Diuretic; it inhibits ADH secretion and causes increase in urine
When is oxytocin released in high amounts?
During child birth and in nursing mothers
What is another name for the pituitary gland?
Hypophysis
What are the name of the 2 nuclei of the hypothalamus? What are they responsible for?
The supraoptic and paraventriular nuclei They send ADH and oxytocin to the posterior pituitary via the hypothalamic hypophyseal tract
Where is antidiuretic hormone (ADH) made?
The supraoptic nucleus
What does ADH cause the kidneys to do?
Causes water to be reabsorbed and less urine production
What are the 4 steps of gland secretion from the posterior pituitary?
1. Hypothalamic neurons synthesize oxytocin and ADH 2. Oxytocin and ADH are transported along the hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract o the posterior pituitary 3. Oxytocin and ADH are stored in axon terminals in the posterior pituitary. Oxytocin and ADH are released into the blood when hypothalamic neurons fire.
What does ADH do?
Prevents urine formation and dehydration
What are the 2 major lobes of the pituitary gland?
The anterior and posterior lobes
What is the pituitary gland connected to?
The hypothalamus by the infundibulum
What is another name for the posterior pituitary?
The neurohypophysis
Where is oxytocin made?
The paraventricular nucleus
What does oxytocin stimulate?
Uterine contractions and milk ejection
Where are the posterior pituitary hormones made?
In the hypothalamus
What are the symptoms of diabetes insipidus?
Large urine output and intense thirst
What kind of tissue is the posterior pituitary?
Neural tissue, it is not a true endocrine gland because it doesn't actually make its own hormones (aka hormone storage area)
Posterior lobe + Infundibulum=
Neurohypophysis
What monitors blood dehydration in the hypothalamus?
Osmoreceptors
What happens if blood becomes too concentrated (dehydration)?
Osmoreceptors send impulses to the supraoptic nucleus to synthesize ADH
