Practice Exam 3 A & P

Which bones form each of the two hip bones? A. the ilium, pubis, and sacrum B. the pubis and sacrum C. the ilium, ischium, and pubis D. the pubis, ala, and sacrum

C

Which carpal bone is the most lateral, in the proximal row and is frequently fractured? A. Lunate B. Capitate C. Scaphoid D. Pisiform

C

Which joint has more freedom of movement than any other joint in the body? A. condyloid joint B. hip joint C. shoulder joint D. patellofemoral joint Answer Key:C

C

Which of the bones below is not part of a pair of bones? A. temporal B. nasal C. sphenoid D. parietal E. zygomatic

C

In the diagram of the wrist and hand, where is the scaphoid bone? A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E

A

In the diagram, which is the internal auditory meatus? A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E

A

In the diagram, which is the parietal bone? A. A B. K C. G D. H E. I

A

Most people can see and feel the bony prominences on the medial and lateral sides of the ankles. What bone features and bones form these two prominences? A. the medial malleolus of the tibia, and the lateral malleolus of the fibula B. the medial and lateral condyles of the tibia C. the lateral malleolus of the fibular, and the talus bone D. the medial malleolus of the tibia, and the talus bone E. the talus and the calcaneus bones

A

Ribs articulate with ________ vertebrae. A. Thoracic B. Cervical C. Lumbar D. Sacral

A

Some synovial joints contain special crescent-shaped pads that provide additional shock absorption, and provide for a better fit between the articulating surfaces of the bones. These special pads are called __________. A. menisci B. labra C. fat pads D. bursae

A

The first cervical vertebrae is also referred to as the: A. Atlas B. Axis C. Zeus D. Vertebar Prominens

A

What joint is formed by the head of the femur and the acetabulum? A. hip joint B. knee joint C. shoulder joint D. elbow joint

A

Which list contains only facial bones? A. lacrimal bones, zygomatic bones, mandible, palatine bones B. temporal bones, frontal bone, palatine bones, nasal bones C. sphenoid bone, ethmoid bone, temporal bones, lacrimal bones D. occipital bone, maxillae, vomer, zygomatic bones

A

Which list contains only facial bones? A. lacrimal bones, zygomatic bones, mandible, palatine bones B. temporal bones, frontal bone, palatine bones, nasal bones C. sphenoid bone, ethmoid bone, temporal bones, lacrimal bones D. occipital bone, maxillae, vomer, zygomatic bones E. lacrimal bones, sphenoid bone, vomer, mandible

A

Which of the following is the correct sequence of bones of the lower limb, from proximal to distal ends? A. femur, patella (kneecap), tibia and fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges B. humerus, tibia and fibula, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges C. phalanges, metatarsals, tarsals, tibia and fibula, femur D. phalanges, tarsals, metatarsals, tibia and ulna, femur E. tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges, tibia and fibula, femur

A

Which part of the humerus articulates with the radius at the elbow? A. Capitulum B. Trochliea C. Coronoid Process D. Styloid Process

A

Which tarsal bone articulates with the tibia and fibula? A. talus B. talus and navicular C. navicular and cuboid D. calcaneus

A

A gomphosis is which type of joint? A. fibrous and a suture B. fibrous and a syndesmosis C. cartilaginous and a synchondrosis D. cartilaginous and a symphysis E. synovial

B

As the spinal cord exits the cranium, it passes through a large opening in the occipital bone called the __________. A. greater trochanter B. foramen magnum C. occipital condyle D. external auditory meatus

B

Because it is an immovable joint, the sagittal suture, which joins the two parietal bones of the skull, is classified as a _______. A. diarthrosis B. synarthrosis C. synovial joint D. amphiarthrosis

B

Because it is an immovable joint, the sagittal suture, which joins the two parietal bones of the skull, is classified as a _______. A. diarthrosis B. synarthrosis C. synovial joint D. amphiarthrosis E. cartilaginous joint

B

In the diagram of the hand, which labeled bone is a proximal phalanx? A. A B. B C. D D. E E. I

B

In the diagram, where is the radial tuberosity? A. A B. B C. E D. F E. Not labeled on the diagram.

B

In the diagram, which is the maxilla? A. G B. I C. H D. J E. Not labeled on the diagram.

B

In the pelvic girdle, the two hip bones unite posteriorly with the sacrum to form the __________ joint. A. pubic symphysis B. sacroiliac C. arcuate line D. acetabulum

B

In the pelvic girdle, the two hip bones unite posteriorly with the sacrum to form the __________ joint. A. pubic symphysis B. sacroiliac C. arcuate line D. acetabulum E. greater sciatic notch

B

Most of the freely movable joints of the body could be classified both structurally and functionally as __________. A. cartilaginous and synarthroses B. synovial and diarthroses C. cartilaginous and amphiarthroses D. synovial and amphiarthroses

B

Most of the freely movable joints of the body could be classified both structurally and functionally as __________. A. cartilaginous and synarthroses B. synovial and diarthroses C. cartilaginous and amphiarthroses D. synovial and amphiarthroses E. fibrous and diarthroses

B

The bodies of adjacent vertebrae are connected by pads of fibrocartilage (the intervertebral discs). The articulations between adjacent vertebrae are called __________. A. synchondroses B. symphyses C. gomphoses D. synovial joints

B

The bones of the upper limbs are attached to the axial skeleton by the: A. Pelvic Girdle B. Pectoral Girdle C. Vertebral Column D. Xiphoid Process

B

The forcible wrenching or twisting of a joint that tears ligaments is called a/an: A. strain B. sprain C. inflammation D. subluxation

B

The glenoid cavity articulates with the ______. A. Manubrium B. Humerus C. Femur D. Scapula

B

The joints most commonly replaced by arthroplasty are the intervertebral joints, the elbow joint, and the knee joint. A. True B. False

B

The medial and lateral condyles of the femur articulate with the: A. medial and lateral epicondyles of the tibia B. medial and lateral condyles of the tibia C. medial and lateral epicondyles of the fibula D. medial and lateral condyles of the fibula

B

The position of an epicondyle in relation to the condyle is that the epicondyle would be inferior to the condyle. A. True B. False

B

The shoulder and hip joints are which type of joint? A. planar B. ball and socket C. condyloid D. saddle

B

Which bones form the pubic symphysis? A. the ilium and ischium B. the two pubis bones C. the two ischium bones D. the ischium and pubis bones

B

Which bones form the skeleton of the hand? A. the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum B. the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges C. the tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges D. the talus, the cuboid, and navicular

B

Which bony landmark can be felt and seen, and is commonly used to help determine where to give an intramuscular injection on the lateral surface of the thigh? the lateral epicondyle A. the iliac crest B. the greater trochanter C. the lesser trochanter D. the intertrochanteric line

B

Which clinical condition occurs when ligaments and tendons weaken and arches fall? A. Clawfoot B. Flatfoot C. Clubfoot D. Fascitis

B

Which describes an immovable joint? A. synchondrosis B. synarthrosis C. synthesis D. amphiarthrosis

B

Which is the inner layer of the articular capsule that secretes synovial fluid? A. fibrous layer B. synovial membrane C. collateral layer D. menisci

B

Which joint consists of three joints within a single synovial cavity? A. temporomandibular joint B. knee joint C. hip joint D. metacarpophalangeal joint

B

Which of the following is an example of a uniaxial joint? A. the saddle joint between the thumb and trapezium of the wrist B. the hinge joint of the elbow C. the joint between a metacarpal and the proximal phalanx D. the ball-and-socket joint between the scapula and humerus E. the plane joints between the carpal bones (wrist)

B

Which of the following is the correct sequence of bones of the upper limb, from proximal to distal ends? A. carpals, metacarpals, phalanges, radius and ulna, humerus B. humerus, radius and ulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges C. humerus, tibia and ulna, metatarsals, tarsals, phalanges D. humerus, tibia and ulna, metatarsals, tarsals, phalanges

B

Which of the following is the correct sequence of bones of the upper limb, from proximal to distal ends? A. carpals, metacarpals, phalanges, radius and ulna, humerus B. humerus, radius and ulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges C. humerus, tibia and ulna, metatarsals, tarsals, phalanges D. phalanges, metacarpals, carpals, radius and fibula, humerus E. phalanges, metacarpals, carpals, radius and ulna, humerus

B

Which of these would allow the passage of nerves or arteries through bone? A. Fossa B. Foramen C. Crest D. Condyle

B

Which vertebrae supports the skull and allows the movement signifying yes? A. axis B. atlas C. dens D. odontoid process

B

A body builder is doing biceps curls, a type of arm exercise, with hand weights. In a biceps curl, the body builder bends his or her forearm bringing the weight closer to his or her shoulder. What type of movement is this? A. rotation B. extension C. flexion D. abduction E. hyperextension

C

A child has learned how to draw circles in the air by moving the distal end of the index (pointing) finger while holding the rest of his hand still. What type of movement is this? A. abduction B. adduction C. circumduction D. rotation E. protraction

C

Cartilaginous joints that are held together by hyaline cartilage and lack a synovial cavity are classified as: A. saddle B. synarthrosis C. synchondrosis D. gomphoses

C

In the forearm the shorter radius is on the: A. medial B. proximal C. lateral D. distal

C

Ribs that are not attached to the sternum at their anterior costal cartilages are known as A. vertebrochondral ribs B. vertebrosternal ribs C. floating (vertebral) ribs D. true ribs E. sternocostal ribs

C

The cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal are regions of the: A. Upper Limb B. Lower Limb C. Vertebral Column D. Appendicular Skeleton

C

The ligament that extends from the anterior tibia to the femur and is commonly torn is the A. Posterior Cruciate Ligament B. Medial Collateral Ligament C. Anterior Cruciate Ligament

C

The longest and largest bone of the upper limb is the __________. A. radius B. ulna C. humerus D. tibia

C

The longest and largest bone of the upper limb is the __________. A. radius B. ulna C. humerus D. tibia E. fibula

C

The movement of the distal end of a body part in a circle is called: A. adduction B. abduction C. circumduction D. rotation

C

The movement of the thumb across the palm to touch the fingertips on the same hand is: A. Circumduction B. Dorsiflexion C. Opposition D. Horizontal Abduction

C

When a herniated disc occurs, which portion of the intervertebral disc protrudes posteriorly and may put pressure on the spinal cord and/or spinal nerves? A. Annulus Fibrosis B. Annulus Pulposus C. Nucleus Pulposus D. Nucleus Fibrosis

C

Which abnormal curvature of the spine is present if the vertebral column is shifted laterally? A. Lordosis B. Kyphosis C. Scoliosis D. Cervicular

C

Which bone forms the posterior of the cranium? A. Parietal B. Temporal C. Occipital D. Sphenoid

C

Which of the following statements about the ischium is true? A. The anterior surfaces of each ischium contribute to the formation of the anterior joint of the pelvic girdle. B. Each ischium completely surrounds the obturator foramen. C. The ischium is the posterior inferior portion of the hip bone and is composed of a superior body and an inferior ramus. D. All of these choices.

C

Which of the following statements is not correct about the hyoid bone? A. it is anterior to the vertebral column B. it is positioned between the mandible and the larynx (voice box) C. it articulates with the temporal bone D. it serves as an attachment point for some muscles of the tongue E. it serves as an attachment point for some muscles of the neck and pharynx

C

Which of these bones is a part of the axial skeleton? A. Pectoral Girdle B. Scapula C. Ribs D. Pelvic Girdle

C

Which two bones are NOT united by an interosseous membrane? A. tibia and fibula B. radius and ulna C. sacrum and ilium

C

Which type of joint only allows for movement in a single plane (flexion and extension)? A. planar B. ball and socket C. hinge D. condyloid

C

In the diagram, which is the transverse process? A. B B. C C. A D. E E. D

C.A

In the diagram, which is the spinous process? A. C B. D C. H D. E E. J

D

Mucuous-membrane-lined spaces in the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid and maxillary bones that connect to the nasal cavity are called the: A. Anterolateral fontanels B. Cribriform Plates C. External Auditory Meatus D. Paranasal Sinuses

D

Ribs number ________ to _____ are connected directly to the sternum by cartilage and are called the true ribs. A. 1-8 B. 7-12 C. 1-5 D. 1-7

D

The articulation between which two bones allows you to move your head side to side as if to say "no"? A. C2 and C3 B. C2 and the Cranium C. C1 and the Cranium D. C1 and C2

D

The bones forming the joint have a synovial cavity and are held together by an articular capsule in _____ joints. A. sutures B. fibrous C. cartilaginous D. synovial

D

The clavicle articulates laterally with the ________. A. Coracoid Process B. Conoid Tubercle C. Greater Tubercle D. Acromion

D

The obturator foramen is the largest foramen in the body, but is nearly completely closed by the obturator membrane (but nerves and blood vessels are still able to pass through). This foramen is formed by which structures of the pelvic girdle? A. ilium and ischium B. ilium and pubis C. the anterior edge of the acetabulum and the pubis D. the ischium and pubis

D

The patella articulates with the _________ to form the patellofemoral joint. A. distal tibiofemoral bones B. lateral and medial epicondyles of the femur C. lateral and medial tibiofemoral bones D. lateral and medial condyles of the femur

D

What are the articular components of the sternoclavicular joint? A. the spine of the scapula and the clavicle B. the acromion of the scapula and the clavicle C. the clavicle and the 1st rib D. the clavicle and manubrium of the sternum

D

Which angular movement increases the angle between bones and returns the body to the anatomical position? A. flexion B. abduction C. adduction D. extension

D

Which bone forms the heel? A. intermediate cuneiform B. cuboid C. navicular D. calcaneus

D

Which bone includes an opening for the ear canal (the external auditory meatus) and articulates with the mandible? A. zygomatic bone B. parietal bone C. maxillae D. temporal bone

D

Which of the following bones is not one of the bones of the lower limb? A. femur B. patella C. phalanges D. metacarpals

D

Which of the following bones is the largest of the three bones that make up the hip bone? A. sacrum B. pubis C. ischium D. ilium

D

Which of the following could contribute to a decreased range of motion if a person wore a cast for several weeks which prohibited movement at a particular joint, such as the elbow? A. a decrease in synovial fluid thus reducing the lubrication of the joint B. muscle atrophy thus resulting in weakness in the muscles that would move and stabilize the joint C. reduced flexibility of the tendons and ligaments at the joint D. all of these could be contributing factors E. none of these are factors that would limit range of motion

D

Which of the following is not a function of synovial fluid? A. to provide lubrication in the joint and reduce friction between articular surfaces B. to act as a medium for the diffusion of oxygen and nutrients C. to act as a medium for the diffusion of metabolic wastes such as carbon dioxide D. to maintain a sterile environment within the joint cavity

D

Which of these is a cranial bone? A. Nasal B. Maxilla C. Mandible D. Frontal

D

Which of these is the largest and strongest facial bone? A. Frontal B. Zygomatic C. Maxilla D. Mandible

D

Which statement about the vertebral column is correct? A. thoracic and sacral curves are primary curves (present at birth) B. lumbar and cervical curves are secondary curves (develop after birth) C. the sacrum and coccyx are made of individual vertebrae that later fuse D. all of these are correct statements about the vertebral column

D

Which structure is a fluid filled sac strategically situated to alleviate friction in joints? A. Articular Capsule B. Labrum C. Menisci D. Bursae

D

Which type of joint confers the greatest range of motion? A. hinge joint B. planar joint C. saddle joint D. ball-and-socket joint E. condyloid joint

D

While the bones of this joint may fracture, they rarely become dislocated. The articular capsule and accessory ligaments of this joint make it one of the strongest structures in the body. A. temporomandibular joint B. elbow joint C. shoulder joint D. hip joint E. knee joint

D

In the diagram, which is the base of the sacrum? A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E

E

In the diagram, which is the capitulum of the humerus? A. A B. B C. F D. G E. C Answer Key:E

E

In the diagram, which of the labeled structures is the spine of the scapula? A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E Answer Key:E

E

Which of the following contributes the most to holding the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity in the shoulder joint? A. the articular capsule B. the coracohumoral ligament C. the glenohumoral ligaments D. the glenoid labrum E. the muscles of the rotator cuff

E

Which of the following is a type of angular movement? A. flexion B. extension C. abduction D. adduction E. all of these are examples of angular movement

E