Practice Psychology Exam 3

The sensory register has all of the following characteristics except A) Visual information lasts about a quarter of a second. B) It holds an exact image of each sensory experience. C) Auditory information lasts about 4 seconds. D) The capacity is 7 ± 2 bits of information.

The capacity is 7 ± 2 bits of information.

When you get to the grocery store, you realize you left your shopping list at home. According to the serial position effect, the items on the list you are most likely recall are A) at the beginning of the list B) in the middle of the list C) at the end of the list D) a and c

a and c

Neuroscientists researching the causes of Alzheimer's disease have identified which of the following as playing an important role in the formation of memory? A) dopamine B) caffeine C) acetylcholine D) epinephrine

acetylcholine

Korsakoff's syndrome A) is caused by prolonged thiamine deficiency B) is characterized by anterograde and retrograde amnesia C) is characterized by confabulation D) all of the above

all of the above

Which of the following is a way of testing retrieval of long-term memories? A) recall B) recognition C) relearning D) all of the above

all of the above

An inability to store and/or retrieve new information in long-term memory is characteristic of A) RNA B) anterograde amnesia C) retrograde amnesia D) retroactive amnesia

anterograde amnesia

Which concept states that memories are linked together through experience? A) semantic memory B) reconstructive memory C) associative network D) serial forgetting

associative network

Simple forms of learning, such as classical conditioning of the gill withdrawal reflex in the sea snail, appear to physically take place A) in the creature's hippocampus B) only in creatures without a brain C) at the synaptic level D) outside of the nervous system

at the synaptic level

One technique to help overcome the limited capacity of STM is called A) chunking B) rehearsal C) working memory D) semantic codes

chunking

According to the information-processing model, attention serves as a A) temporary memory buffer B) control mechanism C) retrieval mechanism D) sensory register

control mechanism

Which theory suggests that forgetting is caused by a fading memory trace? A) schema theory B) repression C) decay theory D) interference theory

decay theory

Which of the following BEST describes the memory capacity of the sensory register? A) capacity is limited on the average to 7 chunks of information B) there is the potential for partial recall of everything ever experienced in episodic memory C) designed to hold an exact image of the sensory experience D) it depends on the effort put into the process of attention

designed to hold an exact image of the sensory experience

The levels of processing model states that deep processing involves greater than shallow processing. A) rehearsal B) engrams C) consolidation D) elaboration

elaboration

The process of reading material and relating it to previous learning or to your own life is called A) rehearsal B) consolidation C) elaboration D) chunking

elaboration

Which of the following is not a stage in the information-processing model of memory? A) short-term memory B) long-term memory C) episodic memory D) sensory register

episodic memory

You remember some specific football plays from the first half of last week's game; this is A) episodic memory B) procedural memory C) semantic memory D) all of the above

episodic memory

According to the work of Loftus and others in the area of eyewitness testimony, A) eyewitnesses are likely to repress traumatic information B) eyewitnesses are strongly influenced by decay theory C) eyewitnesses are not easily misled D) eyewitnesses can be misled when they are asked misleading questions.

eyewitnesses can be misled when they are asked misleading questions.

Each of the following is true regarding differences between STM and LTM except A) information in LTM is indexed B) information in STM is stored in terms of physical qualities C) information in LTM may be permanent D) information in LTM s primarily stored in the frontal lobes of the cortex

information in LTM s primarily stored in the frontal lobes of the cortex

The theory of forgetting that suggests that the conscious mind pushes information into the unconscious is called A) decay B) schema theory C) interference D) repression

interference

The expression "You can't teach an old dog new tricks" would support which theory of forgetting"? A) repression B) retroactive interference C) proactive interference D) pass interference

proactive interference

The type of remembering necessary to correctly answer this multiple choice question is A) recall B) recognition C) relearning D) rehearsal

recognition

The "tip-of-the-tongue" phenomenon appears to be caused by a problem in A) retrieval B) engrams C) storage D) repression

retrieval

Mike thinks of himself as a good fisherman. His friends have noticed that every time he tells the story about the "big one" he caught a few years ago, he seems to remember the fish as larger and larger, and the experience as more and more dramatic. Mike's behavior is consistent with which theory of forgetting? A) decay B) interference C) schema D) repression

schema

Although short-term memory stores information in terms of physical qualities, long-term memory stores information in terms of A) acoustic codes B) semantic codes C) attitudes D) all of the above

semantic codes

Suppose that you call the information operator to find a friend's phone number. When you dial your friend's number, you get a busy signal. Later, when you start to dial the number again, you realize you have forgotten it. This experience probably occurred because the phone number was only temporarily stored in your A) short-term memory B) long-term memory C) sensory register D) none of the above

short-term memory

Working memory is a special function of A) the sensory register B) short-term memory C) long-term memory D) any of the above

short-term memory

According to Hebb, the process that creates unique patterns of neural activity that reverberate through neural loops, thus making synapses more efficient, is called A) the engram B) anterograde amnesia C) the memory loop D) synaptic facilitation

synaptic facilitation

After having the same phone number for years, you move and get a different, but similar, phone number. Retroactive interference would be demonstrated by your difficulty in remembering A) the new phone number B) the old phone number C) either phone number D) your new address

the old phone number

Which characteristic of long-term memory facilitates the retrieval of information? A) unlimited capacity B) the organization of material C) the chunking of information D) the ability of long-term memory to store procedural information

the organization of material

Research on memories that become distorted to fit our schema indicates that this process occurs during A) the formation of memories B) the process of retrieval C) proactive inhibition D) repression

the process of retrieval

What do episodic and semantic memories have in common? A) they are forms of working memory B) they are easily described in words C) they can easily be retrieved D) they are forms of procedural memory

they are easily described in words

The vivid recall of a negative emotional experience is called a A) flashbulb memory B) flashback C) reconstructive flash D) none of the above

flashbulb memory

A key brain structure that is often damaged in patients with anterograde amnesia is the A) hippocampus B) cerebral cortex C) hypothalamus D) amygdala

hippocampus