Practice quizzes

When glucose monomers are joined together by glycosidic linkages to form a cellulose polymer, the changes in free energy, total energy, and entropy are as follows

+ΔG, +ΔH, -ΔS

Starting with one molecule of isocitrate and ending with fumarate, what is the maximum number of ATP molecules that could be made through substrate-level phosphorylation? (Half circle)

1

How many molecules of carbon dioxide (CO2) would be produced by five turns of the citric acid cycle?

10

Which statement is not correct with regard to redox (oxidation-reduction) reactions?

A molecule is reduced if it loses electrons

How can one increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

Add a catalyst

Which of the following is true of osmosis?

In osmosis, water moves across a membrane from areas of lower solute concentration to areas of higher solute concentration

Which of the following statements concerning the metabolic degradation of glucose (C6 H12O6) to carbon dioxide (CO2) and water is (are) true?

The breakdown of glucose to carbon dioxide and water involves oxidation-reduction or redox reactions The breakdown of glucose to carbon dioxide and water is exergonic The breakdown of glucose to carbon dioxide and water has a free energy change of -686 kcal/mol

What will happen to a red blood cell (RBC), which has an internal ion concentration of about 0.9 percent, if it is placed into a beaker of pure water?

The cell would swell because the water in the beaker is hypotonic relative to the cytoplasm of the RBC

A patient was involved a serious accident and lost a large quantity of blood. In an attempt to replenish body fluids, distilled water—equal to the volume of blood lost—is added to the blood directly via one of his veins. What will be the most probable result of this transfusion?

The patient's red blood cells will swell and possibly burst because the blood has become hypotonic compared to the cells

Which of the following is true for all exergonic reactions?

The reaction proceeds with a net release of free energy

In which of the following would there be the greatest need for osmoregulation

a salmon moving from a river into an ocean

All of the following are part of a prokaryotic cell except

an endoplasmic reticulum

Which of the following statements correctly describes the normal tonicity conditions for typical plant and animal cells? The animal cell is in _____.

an isotonic solution, and the plant cell is in a hypotonic solution

ATP generally energizes a cellular process by

coupling free energy released by ATP hydrolysis to free energy needed by other reactions

Where does glycolysis takes place?

cytosol

Which of the following organelles is not a common destination for small vesicles that bud off the Golgi apparatus?

endoplasmic reticulum

The active site of an enzyme is the region that

is involved in the catalytic reaction of the enzyme

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

lysosome & protein synthesis

All of the following serve an important role in determining or maintaining the structure of plant cells. Which of the following are distinct from the others in terms of composition?

plant cell walls

During glycolysis, when glucose is catabolized to pyruvate, most of the energy of glucose is

retained in the pyruvate

Of the following, which is probably the most common route for membrane flow in the endomembrane system?

rough ER → vesicles → Golgi → plasma membrane

A primary objective of cell fractionation is to

separate the major organelles so their particular functions can be determined

A solution of starch at room temperature does not readily decompose to form a solution of simple sugars because

the activation energy barrier for this reaction cannot be overcome