Praxis 0511 Math

Percent

% "per one hundred" (20%, .20, 20/100) to solve: change the percentage into a decimal - divide by 100.

7 less than a number divided by 5

(x-7)/5

1 mile

1,760 yd.

Solve algebraic equations

1. eliminate fractions or decimals by using multiplication 2. eliminate parenthesis by using the distributive property a(b+c) = ab +ac 3. combine terms that are similar 4. isolate the variable being solved for one side of the equation 5. get rid of (usually by dividing) the coefficient

divisor, dividend, quotient

1. how many times to divide 2. the number being divided 3. answer

solve an inverse proportion

1. make a ration of one type of term 2. make a ratio of the other term 3. invert one of the ratios 4. cross multiply to solve for X

solve a proportion

1.set up proportion 2.write the proportion in fraction form 3.solve for X using cross multiplication

pyramid

1/3 b * h

cone

1/3 r h

1 foot

12 inches

1 year

12 months

1 lb

16 oz

angles of a triangle add up to

180 degrees

1 pint

2 cups

1 quart

2 pints

1 ton

2,000 pounds

5 less than 23 times a number

23x-5

1 day

24 hours

1 yard

3 feet

1 yard

36 inches

1 year

365 days

1 quart

4 cups

1 gallon

4 quarts

sphere

4/3 r

47 times a number increased by 13

47x=13

1 mile

5,280 feet

1 year

52 weeks

1 hour

60 minutes

1 minute

60 sec.

1 week

7 days

1 cup

8 fluid oz

9 more than a number

9+x

Area of a circle

A = r C= 2 r

Area of a triangle

A= 1/2 bh

Area of a rectangle

A=lw

equivalence

Equal in value or amount

perimeter of a triangle

P = a +b+c

perimeter of a rectangle

P =2l +2w

perimeter of a square

P=4s

Pythagorean Theory

a + b + c

ratio

a comparison between a pair of numbers (6:10, 6/10, 6 boys to 6 girls)

mode

a number that occurs most often.

proportion

a ratio that is written with an equal sign between the two rations, which are equal to one another. (6/8=12/16)

total outcome

all the things that could happen

prism

b * h

types of word problems

basic, consecutive, integer, geometry, mixture/percentage/interest, theory, age/time, distance/rate

distance

d=rt

32 is what percent of 50?

divide the number and then multiply 32 - 50 = 0.64 (divide) .64 * 100 = 64%

midpoint

exact middle of a line segment

congruent

identical in form (lengths and angles) are the same

rational numbers

include all numbers, all fractions, all decimals, all negative numbers

Data interpretation

interpretation -identifying the trends in various variables correlation - identifying how one factor effects another analysis - understanding what the data represents

algebra

is a tool used to describe patterns in a universal manner. skills: finding, describing, explaining, predicting

Algebra equals vocab

is, are, was, were, will be, gives, yields

King Henry Doesn't Usually Drink Chocolate Milk

kilo, hecto, deka, unit, deci, centi-, milli- .0001 .01 .1 1 10 100 10000

rectangular prism

l * w * h

Algebra subtraction vocab

less than/fewer than, decreased by, diminished, take away, difference, deduct

symmetry

made up of exactly the same parts which are arranged around a axis or are facing one another

Median

middle value in the set of numbers - to find: list the numbers in numerical order and find the middle number. Even numbers: add the 2 middle numbers and divide by two.

Algebra Addition vocab

more than, in addition to, exceeds, increased by, altogether, sum, and, extra, combined, total of

Algebra multiplication vocab

product, times, twice, of, multiplied by, increased by

Algebra division vocab

quotient, divided, separated, distribute, per, out of, percent, ratio of

rate

r = d - t (divide)

cylinder

r h

Volume of a cube

s * s* s

What percentage of 326 is 91.28?

set up cross multiplication: x/100 = 91.28/326

Number sense skills

size relationship, real world connections, approximate/rounding

Number sense

the ability to understand numbers and their relationships

Mean

the average of a set of numbers - add up all the numbers in the set and divide the sum by the number of numbers

range

the difference between the largest and smallest value 987-31=956 (range is 956

simple probability

the measure of the likelihood that an event will occur - P(event) = O / P

geometry

the measurement of the earth and focuses on 2 D (plane) and 3 D (solid). includes points, lines, angles, surfaces, solids

multiplicand

the number being multiplied

coefficient

the number connected to the variable

Multiplier

the number of times to multiply

outcome

the result of a single trial of an experiment. a choice, a possibility,a result

event

the set of outcomes found withing a probability

time

time = distance/rate

estimate

used to solve word problems

favorable outcome

what someone wants to happen

inverse proportions

will vary in opposite directions, one term increases the other decreases (the bigger the pizza, the more people it will feed)

A pair of shoes is on a 15% off sale rack. The sale price is $68. What was the original price?

x - (0.15)x = 68 (Remember there is an invisible 1 in front of the x) 0.85 x = 68 x = 68 - 0.85 (divide) x=$80