Prep U ch 14-16, and 35-37
Health education for a woman over age 50 includes providing information about the importance of adequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D to prevent osteoporosis. Select the daily dosage of calcium and vitamin D that the nurse should recommend.
1200, 1000
An older woman's X-rays reveal a diagnosis of osteoporosis. The nurse advises the woman that the radiolucency seen in the bones indicates a minimal level of demineralization of which percentage?
25%
A client with diabetes punctured the foot with a sharp object. Within a week, the client developed osteomyelitis of the foot. The client was admitted for IV antibiotic therapy. How long does the nurse anticipate the client will receive IV antibiotics?
3-6 weeks
Radiographic evaluation of a client's fracture reveals that a bone fragment has been driven into another bone fragment. The nurse identifies this as which type of fracture?
Impacted
Corticosteroids have which effect on wound healing?
Mask the presence of infection
Red bone marrow produces which of the following?
RBC, WBC, platelets
A client with osteoporosis is prescribed a selective estrogen receptor modifier (SERM) as treatment. The nurse would identify which drug as belonging to this class?
Raloxifene (Evista)
A client has just undergone arthrography. What is the most important instruction for the nurse to include in the teaching plan?
Report joint crackling or clicking noises occurring after the second day.
Morton neuroma is exhibited by which clinical manifestation?
Swelling of the third (lateral) branch of the median plantar nerve
The nurse is assisting a client with removing shoes prior to an examination and observes that the client has a flexion deformity of several toes on both feet of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints. What can the nurse encourage the client to do?
Wear properly fitting shoes.
A client arrives at the orthopedic physician's office stating knee pain sustained while playing soccer. A history and physical assessment is completed. The knee appears reddened with edema. Which other diagnostic testing would the nurse anticipate?
arthoroscopy
A nurse is caring for a client placed in traction to treat a fractured femur. Which nursing intervention has the highest priority?
assess the extremity for neurovasc integrity
Which nursing intervention is appropriate for monitoring the client for the development of Volkmann's contracture?
assess the radial pulse
The nurse is caring for a client with osteoporosis. Which information will the nurse include when teaching actions to manage the condition? Select all that apply.
avoid excessive etoh, smoking cessation, weight bearing exercise
The nurse is teaching a client about osteoporosis. What diagnostic test will the nurse include with the client teaching?
bone density, dexa
A patient has been diagnosed with osteomalacia. What common symptoms does the nurse recognize that correlate with the diagnosis?
bone pain and tenderness
Which medication directly inhibits osteoclasts, thereby reducing bone loss and increasing bone mass density (BMD)?
calcitonin
A client with a fractured distal left radius reports discomfort at the cast site, with pain specifically in the upper forearm. What would the nurse expect the physician to do?
cut a cast window
During the surgical procedure, the client exhibits tachycardia, generalized muscle rigidity, and a temperature of 103°F. The nurse should prepare to administer:
dantrolene sodium (Dantrium)
Nursing assessment findings reveal urinary output < 30 ml/hr, tachycardia, tachypnea, decreased hemoglobin, and acute confusion. The findings are indicative of which nursing diagnosis?
decreased cardaiac output
Which of the following disorders results in widespread hemorrhage and microthrombosis with ischemia?
disseminated intravascular coagulation
A nurse evaluates the potential effects of a client's medication therapies before surgery. Which drug classification may cause respiratory depression from an associated electrolyte imbalance during anesthesia?
diuretics
Skull sutures are an example of which type of joint?
fibrous-synarthosis
The nurse is very concerned about the potential debilitating complication of peroneal nerve injury. What symptom does the nurse recognize as a result of that complication?
footdrop
A variety of complications can occur after a leg amputation. Which is not a possibility in the immediate postoperative period?
osteomyelitis
Which nerve is being assessed when the nurses asks the client to dorsiflex the ankle and extend the toes?
peroneal
A nurse is teaching a client who was recently diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome. Which statement should the nurse include?
"Ergonomic changes can be incorporated into your workday to reduce stress on your wrist."
For the client who is taking aspirin, it is important to stop taking this medication at least how many day(s) before surgery?
7
What is the blood glucose level goal for a diabetic client who will be having a surgical procedure?
80-110
A patient with renal failure is scheduled for a surgical procedure. When would surgery be contraindicated for this patient due to laboratory results?
A blood urea nitrogen level of 42 mg/dL
A nurse is reviewing a client's activities of daily living prior to discharge from total hip replacement. The nurse should identify what activity as posing a potential risk for hip dislocation?
Bending down to put on socks
A client has been admitted to the medical unit for the treatment of Paget disease. When reviewing the medication administration record, the nurse should anticipate what medication?
Bisphosphonates
A client visits an orthopedic specialist because of pain beginning in the low back and radiating behind the right thigh and down below the right knee. The doctor suspects a diagnosis of sciatica. The nurse knows that the origin of the pain is between which intervertebral disks?
L4, L5, S1
A nurse is monitoring a client recovering from moderate sedation that was administered during a colonoscopy. Which finding requires the nurse's immediate attention?
O2 sat 85%
The nurse assesses soft subcutaneous nodules along the line of the tendons in a patient's hand and wrist. What does this finding indicate to the nurse?
RA
A client at risk for malignant hyperthermia returns to the surgical unit. For what time period will the nurse monitor the client for development of malignant hyperthermia?
The client can develop malignant hyperthermia up to 24 hours after surgery.
A client in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) develops noisy and irregular respirations. Which action will the nurse take?
Tilt the head back and lift the lower jaw.
The nurse is helping to set up Buck's traction on an orthopedic client. How often should the nurse assess circulation to the affected leg?
Within 30 minutes, then every 1 to 2 hours
A home care nurse assesses for disease complications in a client with bone cancer. Which laboratory value may indicate the presence of a disease complication?
calcium 11.6
The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient with pregnancy-induced hypertension. When assessing the reflexes in the ankle, the nurse observes rhythmic contractions of the muscle when dorsiflexing the foot. What would the nurse document this finding as?
clonus
A client was playing softball and dislocated four fingers when diving for a ball. The physician manipulated the fingers into alignment and applied a splint to maintain alignment. What type of procedure does the nurse document this as?
closed reduction
A client has undergone arthroscopy. After the procedure, the site where the arthroscope was inserted is covered with a bulky dressing. The client's entire leg is also elevated without flexing the knee. What is the appropriate nursing intervention required in caring for a client who has undergone arthroscopy?
cold pack at the insertion site
The nurse caring for a client, who has been treated for a hip fracture, instructs the client not to cross their legs and to have someone assist with tying their shoes. Which additional instruction should the nurse provide to client?
do not flex the hip more than 90 degrees
Which term refers to a flexion deformity caused by a slowly progressive contracture of the palmar fascia?
dupuytrens contracture
To help minimize calcium loss from a hospitalized client's bones, the nurse should:
encourage to walk around the halls
In the immediate postoperative period, vital signs are taken at least every
every 15 minutes
A client has been administered ketamine for moderate sedation. What is the priority nursing intervention?
frequently monitoring vital signs
Nursing students are reviewing information about agents used for anesthesia. The students demonstrate understanding when they identify which of the following as an inhalation anesthetic?
halothene
During a routine physical examination of a client, the nurse observes a flexion deformity of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint of two toes on the right foot. How would the nurse document this finding?
hammer toe
A physician prescribes raloxifene to a hospitalized client. The client's history includes a right hip fracture, hysterectomy, deep vein thrombosis, and hypertension. Which action by the nurse demonstrates safe nursing care?
hold medication and notifying the dr
Monitored anesthesia care differs from moderate sedation in that monitored anesthesia care:
may result in the administration of general anesthesia.
The nurse is caring for a postoperative client with an indwelling urinary catheter. The hourly urinary output is 80 mL at 9 am. At 10 am, the nurse assesses the hourly urinary output as 20 mL. What is the priority action by the nurse?
noticy hcp
A client scheduled for surgery has a blood pressure of 186/90 mm Hg. After documenting this in the medical record, which action will the nurse take?
notify the HCP of the blood pressure
A client with carpal tunnel syndrome has had limited improvement with the use of a wrist splint. The nurse knows that which procedure will show the greatest improvement in treatment for this client?
open nerve release
A client is informed of having a benign bone tumor but that this type of tumor that may become malignant. The nurse knows that this is characteristic of which type of tumor?
osteoclastoma
A client presents to the emergency department with fever, chills, restlessness, and limited movement of a fractured jaw. What complication should the nurse interpret as the findings?
osteomyelitis
Localized rapid bone turnover, most commonly affecting the skull, femur, tibia, pelvic bones, and vertebrae, is characterized by which bone disorder?
paget disease
Which is a classic sign of hypovolemic shock?
pallor
Which of the following presents with an onset of heel pain with the first steps of the morning?
plantar faciitis
A client with Paget's disease comes to the hospital and reports difficulty urinating. The emergency department health care provider consults urology. What should the nurse suspect is the most likely cause of the client's urination problem?
renal calculi (kidney stones)
Which laboratory study indicates the rate of bone turnover?
serum osteocalcin
The physician is concerned about aspiration during a surgical procedure and orders a medication to increase gastric pH. Which medication would the nurse document as being administered?
sodium citrate
A client sustains an injury to the ligaments surrounding a joint. What will the nurse identify this injury as?
sprain
In chronic osteomyelitis, antibiotics are adjunctive therapy in which situation?
surgical debridement
The nurse working in the orthopedic surgeon's office is asked to schedule a shoulder arthrography. The nurse determines that the surgeon suspects which finding?
tear in joint capsule
A postoperative client is being evaluated for discharge and currently has an Aldrete score of 8. Which of the following is the most likely outcome for this client?
the pt can be discharged
The perioperative nurse has a number of major responsibilities when a patient is admitted to a surgical unit or center. Which of the following is the most important function?
verify the operative consent is signed
Which nutrient plays an important role in normal blood clotting?
vitamin K
Which of the following is an example of a gliding joint?
wrist