PrepU Chapter 2
Christine Grady is a nurse ethicist that proposed a framework for evaluating ethics. She suggested that a fair subject selection is needed for ethical research. This principle is correctly defined as
"Scientific objectives, not vulnerability or privilege, and the potential for and distraction of risk and benefits, should determine communities selected as study sites and the inclusion criteria for individual subject."
Research is included as an essential component of nursing by which of the following organizations? (Select all that apply.)
-International Council of Nurses -Nursing specialty organizations -ANA
A nursing instructor is explaining to a group of nursing students the importance of understanding the sources of knowledge. Which of the following types of knowledge would the instructor describe as being subjective? (Select all that apply)
-Traditional knowledge -Authoritative knowledge
A nurse is completing a family assessment on a routine home health visit. The parents have a child with a severe peanut allergy. The mother states that she does not purchase any foods with peanut or peanut oil for her family. The other children are allowed to have foods containing peanuts while they are at school and visiting with friends and family. The nurse would conclude that which of the following theories would most like be the basis for this family's functioning?
Adaptation Theory
A nursing student understands which of the following is true of concepts?
Concepts describe objects, properties, and events and relationships among them.
The nursing instructor asks a group of students to identify a theory that describes, explains, predicts, and controls outcomes in nursing practice. One student correctly identifies this theory as what?
Nursing theory
There are four common concepts in nursing theory. While all concepts are important, the focus of nursing is always on which of the following?
Person
A nurse researcher must decide on the method for conducting the research. The researcher that plans to emphasize collection of numerical data and analysis would select which method of research?
Quantitative research
How are the first stages of the nursing process and nursing research linked?
The nurse assesses problems initially.
The nurse is studying nursing models for a Baccalaureate course. Which action made by the nurse exemplifies proper application of the Adaptation model?
helping the client adjust to blood sugar testing each morning
A nurse is completing a family assessment on a routine home health visit. There is a mother, father, and three children ages 2, 4, and 6 years of age. She watches the children individually as they play and interact with one another. She compares each child with the norms established for the age groups and determines and they are all within normal limits for their ages. The nurse would be utilizing which of the following theories as the basis for this part of the family assessment?
Developmental Theory
A nurse who works in a pediatric practice assesses the developmental level of children of various ages to determine their psychosocial development. These assessments are based on the work of
Erikson.
When looking at a model for evidence-based practice, what is the final step of the process?
Evaluating practice change
What nursing activity forms the bridge between theory and practice?
Evidence-based research
A nurse researcher is examining the cause-and-effect relationship between the consumption of tap water containing minimal amounts of bleach, and the incidence of cancer in rats. The research is taking place in a laboratory setting. What type of quantitative research is being used based upon this description?
Experimental research
Who is considered to be the first nursing researcher?
Florence Nightingale
Who is considered to be the first nursing theorist who conceptualized nursing in terms of manipulating the environment?
Florence Nightingale
One of the primary focuses of nursing research is to
Generate knowledge to guide practice.
A nurse researcher is involved in an experimental research study. Which component would the nurse researcher manipulate?
Independent variable
Nurses in an ICU noticed that their clients required fewer interventions for pain when the ICU was quiet. They then asked a researcher to design a study about the effects of noise on the pain levels of hospitalized clients. How does this demonstrate the ultimate goal of expanding the nursing body of knowledge?
Nursing research helps improve ways to promote and maintain health.
A nurse is preparing a seminar for a nursing research symposium. As part of the presentation, the nurse plans to discuss the history surrounding the development of nursing research. When describing the research that occurred during the early half of the twentieth century, which area would the nurse describe as being the focus?
nursing education
A nurse is planning to participate in a research project and is looking for information about what is already known about the topic. The nurse is involved in which step of the research process?
scientific literature review
A nursing student is reading a research article from a nursing journal. The student is aware that the opening paragraph summarizing the article and the research findings is a good place to start. What part of the article is the nursing student reading?
Abstract
A nurse is planning to conduct a nursing research study and is seeking federal funding. Which institution would be most helpful for the nurse to contact funding?
National Institute of Nursing Research
The nurse subscribes to the Basic Needs theory. Which action exemplifies this theory by the nurse?
assisting the client to the bedside commode
A nurse admitting a client to the home health service is gathering information for the client's database. Within the database, the nurse gathers information on the client's health history, past surgeries, diet, exercise, psychosocial status, family and support persons, and spirituality. This information will assist in the development of the client's plan of care. This is considered a
holistic database
Which statement best explains the importance of theoretic frameworks?
Theoretic frameworks advance nursing knowledge and practice.
In the development of a literature review, the most effective source of information for nursing research is which of the following?
Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature
A nursing student is describing abstract ideas with a group of peers. The student says that these ideas can be a group of objects with relationships. The nursing instructor knows that the student is describing which of the following?
Concepts
When the nurse researcher informs the participant that his identity will not be linked with the information that is collected, the researcher is ensuring the participant's
Confidentiality.
What is the best explanation for the way evidence-based practice (EBP) has changed the way nursing care is delivered?
Nursing care now uses EBP as a means of ensuring quality care
A nurse working on a busy acute care unit is planning care for a group of clients. Which nursing action best exemplifies the primary focus of the nurse's role?
The nurse comforts a client who received bad results from a diagnostic test.
A nurse is reviewing nursing theory for usefulness in a home healthcare setting. Which is the appropriate application of Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Model in a home healthcare setting?
Match the client's self-care needs with appropriate supportive interventions.
The nursing instructor is explaining sources of knowledge to a group of nursing students. She says, "Some knowledge is passed from one generation to another." One of the students correctly describes this source as being what?
Traditional knowledge
Evidence-based care emphasizes decision making based on the best available evidence and
Use of outcome studies to guide decisions.
A nurse manager is attempting to switch the medical records in an orthopedic office to a computerized format. The nurse asks questions about the accuracy and efficiency of the current record keeping system by using the PICO format. Which statements illustrate the components of this process? Select all that apply.
-I: The nurse considers interventions to make the plan work. -P: The nurse chooses the population involved (orthopedic clients). -C: The nurse compares the written records to the computerized records.
During an in-class review of nursing research a student asks the instructor why evidence-based practice is considered the best way to practice nursing. The correct response from the instructor includes that the actions by the nurse are based upon which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
-Published research -National standards -National guidelines -Targeted literature
A nurse educated at the baccalaureate level is participating in clinical nursing research. Based on the nurse's educational level, which activity would the nurse be expected to perform? Select all that apply.
-evaluate research for its applicability to nursing practice. -participate in the implementation of scientific studies
The second step in implementation of evidence-based practice includes systematic review. In order to complete a systematic review of the literature the nurse must do which of the following?
Summarize findings from multiple studies that are related to a particular nursing practice.
A nurse is discussing dietary issues with a Latino client in the clinic. The client states, "My grandmother always told me that I needed to include beans in my diet so that my muscles would grow." The information that the client is expressing is known as what?
Traditional knowledge