PrepU - Chapter 40: Musculoskeletal Care Modalities

Which nursing action would help prevent deep vein thrombosis in a client who has had an orthopedic surgery?

Apply antiembolism stockings

A patient in pelvic traction needs circulatory status assessed. How should the nurse assess for a positive Homans' sign?

Have the patient extend each leg and dorsiflex each foot to determine if pain or tenderness is present in the lower leg.

A client has just undergone a leg amputation. What will the nurse closely monitor the client for during the immediate postoperative period?

Hematoma

Which type of cast encloses the trunk and a lower extremity?

Hip spica

A client is seen in the orthopedic clinic for complaints of severe pain in the left hip. After a series of diagnostic tests, the client is diagnosed with severe degenerative joint disease of the left hip and suggested to have the hip reconstructed. What procedure will the nurse schedule the client for?

Left hip arthroplasty

The nurse assesses a client after total right hip arthroplasty and observes a shortening of the extremity. The client reports severe pain in the right side of the groin. What is the priority action of the nurse?

Notify the health care provider.

The nurse is caring for a patient who had a total hip replacement. What lethal postoperative complication should the nurse closely monitor for?

Pulmonary embolism

A nurse is giving instructions to a client who's going home with a leg cast. Which teaching point is most critical?

Reporting signs of impaired circulation

A client's left leg is in skeletal traction with a Thomas leg splint and Pearson attachment. Which intervention should the nurse include in this client's care plan?

Teach the client how to prevent problems caused by immobility.

Which statement is accurate regarding care of a plaster cast?

The cast can be dented while it is damp.

The nurse is preparing a client to have his cast cut off after having it for 6 weeks to treat a fractured tibia. What should the nurse inform the client prior to the cast being removed?

The skin may be covered with a yellowish crust that will shed in a few days.

Which statement describes external fixation?

The surgeon inserts metal pins into the bone or bones from outside the skin surface and then attaches a compression device to the pins.

A client is being discharged home with a long arm cast. What education should the nurse include to prevent disuse syndrome in the arm?

Use of isometric exercises

A client in the emergency department is being treated for a wrist fracture. The client asks why a splint is being applied instead of a cast. What is the best response by the nurse?

"A splint is applied when more swelling is expected at the site of injury."

Which statement by a staff nurse on the orthopedic floor indicates the need for further staff education?

"The client is receiving physical therapy twice per day, so the client doesn't need a continuous passive motion device."

A client diagnosed with a right ulnar fracture asks why the cast needs to go all the way up the arm. What is the best response by the nurse?

"The joint above the fracture and below the fracture must be immobilized."

A client with a long arm cast continues to complain of unrelieved throbbing pain even after receiving opioid pain medication. Which is the priority action by the nurse?

Assess for complications.

A nurse is caring for a client placed in traction to treat a fractured femur. Which nursing intervention has the highest priority?

Assessing the extremity for neurovascular integrity

Which action would be most important postoperatively for a client who has had a knee or hip replacement?

Assisting in early ambulation.

A group of students are reviewing information about cast composition in preparation for a discussion on the advantages and disadvantages of each. The students demonstrate understanding of the topic when they cite which of the following as an advantage of a plaster cast?

Better molding to the client

The client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of left femoral neck fracture. Which treatment modality would the nurse expect the health care provider to order?

Buck's traction

The nurse is assisting with the application of a cast. What will the nurse expect to be done first?

Cleaning the skin surface.

A client was playing softball and dislocated four of his fingers when diving for a ball. The physician manipulated the fingers into alignment and applied a splint to maintain alignment. What type of procedure does the nurse document this as?

Closed reduction

Which would be contraindicated as a component of self-care activities for the client with a cast?

Cover the cast with plastic to insulate it

The nurse is caring for a client who sustained rib fractures in an automobile accident. What symptoms does the nurse recognize as a complication of rib fractures and should immediately be reported to the physician?

Crackles in the lung bases

Which would be consistent as a component of self-care activities for the client with a cast?

Cushion rough edges of the cast with tape

A client has a cast applied to the leg for treatment of a tibia fracture and also has a wound on the leg that requires dressing changes due to drainage. For what should the nurse prepare the client?

Cutting a cast window

The client who had a total hip replacement was discharged home and developed acute groin pain in the affected leg, shortening of the leg, and limited movement of the fractured leg. The nurse interprets these findings as indicating which complication?

Dislocation of the hip

A client is reporting pain following orthopedic surgery. Which intervention will help relieve pain?

Elevate the affected extremity and use cold applications.

The nurse is caring for a client with a spica cast. What is the nurse's priority intervention?

Keep the cast clean and dry.

The client is scheduled for a meniscectomy of the right knee. The nurse would plan postoperative care based on what surgical procedure?

Excision of damaged joint fibrocartilage

A client with a fractured ankle is having a fiberglass cast applied. The client starts yelling, "My leg is burning, take it off." What action by the nurse is most appropriate?

Explain that the sensation being felt is normal and will not burn the client.

To reduce the incidence of complications in a client in traction, which intervention should be included in the care plan?

Increase fiber intake.

Which intervention should the nurse implement with the client who has undergone a hip replacement?

Instruct the client to avoid internal rotation of the leg.

Which is a benefit of a continuous passive motion (CPM) device when applied after knee surgery?

It promotes healing by increasing circulation and movement of the knee joint.

The client with a newly applied cast reports severe unrelenting pain. What is the nurse's best response?

Make the client NPO and notify the health care provider.

The nurse teaches the client which intervention to avoid hip dislocation after replacement surgery?

Never cross the affected leg when seated

A client is brought to the emergency department by a softball team member who states the client and another player ran into each other, and the client is having severe pain in the right shoulder. What symptoms of a fractured clavicle does the nurse recognize?

Right shoulder slopes downward and droops inward.

Which of the following is an inappropriate nursing diagnosis for the client following casting?

Risk for deficient knowledge: procedure

Which is an inaccurate principle of traction?

Skeletal traction is interrupted to turn and reposition the client.

Which of the following would the nurse expect a physician to use on a short-term basis for a client with an injured body part that does not require rigid immobilization?

Splint

A client who is undergoing skeletal traction reports pressure on bony areas. Which action would be most appropriate to provide comfort for the client?

Changing the client's position within prescribed limits.

The nurse suspects "compartment syndrome" for a casted extremity. What characteristic symptoms would the nurse assess that would confirm these suspicions? (Select all that apply.)

- Decreased sensory function - Excruciating pain - Loss of motion

A client is having traction applied to a fractured left lower extremity prior to surgery. What outcomes does the nurse expect from the application of the traction for the client? Select all that apply.

- Muscle spasms will be relieved. - The bones of the left leg will be aligned. - Immobilization of the left leg will be maintained

A client's cast is removed. The client is worried because the skin appears mottled and is covered with a yellowish crust. What advice should the nurse give the client to address the skin problem?

Apply lotions and take warm baths or soaks.

The nurse is caring for a patient postoperatively following orthopedic surgery. The nurse assesses an oxygen saturation of 89%, confusion, and a rash on the upper torso. What does the nurse suspect is occurring with this patient?

Fat emboli syndrome

A nurse is caring for a client with a cast on the left arm after sustaining a fracture. Which assessment finding is most significant for this client?

Fingers on the left hand are swollen and cool

The nurse is very concerned about the potential debilitating complication of peroneal nerve injury. What symptom does the nurse recognize as a result of that complication?

Foot drop

A nurse would most likely expect the need for open reduction for a client with which of the following?

Joint fracture

An unresponsive client had a plaster cast applied to the right lower leg 8 hours ago. When moving the client, the nurse notices an indentation on the posterior lower portion of the cast. What is the best action by the nurse?

Notify the physician.

A client's fracture was reduced by surgically exposing the bone and realigning it. What type of treatment does the nurse identity this as?

Open reduction

Which orthopedic surgery is done to correct and align a fracture after surgical dissection and exposure of the fracture?

Open reduction

The client returns to the nursing unit following an open reduction with internal fixation of the right hip. Nursing assessment findings include temperature 100.8 degrees Fahrenheit, heart rate 112 beats per minute, respiratory rate 28 breaths per minute, and blood pressure 86/58. There is no urine in the Foley catheter collection bag. The nurse interprets these findings as indicating which complication?

Hypovolemic shock

After undergoing surgery the previous day for a total knee replacement, a client states, "I am not ready to ambulate yet." What should the nurse do?

Discuss the complications that the client may experience if there is lack of cooperation with the care plan.

A client with a right leg fracture is returning to the orthopedist to have the cast removed. During cast removal, it is important for the nurse to assure:

the client that he or she won't be cut.

The nurse is caring for a client who lives alone and had a total knee replacement. An appropriate nursing diagnosis for the client is:

Risk for ineffective therapeutic regimen management

When discussing physical activities with the client who has just undergone a right total hip replacement, which instruction should the nurse provide?

"Limit hip flexion to 90 degrees."

The nurse is providing instructions to the client who is being prepared for skeletal traction. Which statement by the client indicates teaching was effective?

"Metal pins will go through my skin to the bone."

An older adult patient had a hip replacement. When should the patient begin with assisted ambulation with a walker?

24 hours

The client displays manifestations of compartment syndrome. What treatment will the nurse expect the client to be scheduled for?

A fasciotomy

A patient had a total hip replacement. What recommended leg position should the nurse ensure is maintained to prevent prosthesis dislocation?

Abduction

Arthrodesis is:

fusion of a joint (most often the wrist or knee) for stabilization and pain relief.

A variety of complications can occur after a leg amputation. Which is not a possibility in the immediate postoperative period?

osteomyelitis

A client with a right leg fracture is returning to the orthopedist to have the cast removed. What would the physician prescribe as further treatment?

physical therapy