PrepU Perfusion

Which is a risk factor for venous disorders of the lower extremities?

Obesity

Which is the most common cause of esophageal varices?

Portal hypertension

A systolic blood pressure of 135 mm Hg would be classified as

prehypertension

The nurse performs a routine prenatal assessment on a woman at 35 weeks gestation and finds vital signs: blood pressure 138/88 mm Hg, pulse 82/min, respirations 18/min, temperature 99.1° F (37.3°C). Which statement is most appropriate for the nurse to make at this time?

"Your blood pressure is slightly high. I will check it again before you leave."

The nurse is caring for a client who recently experienced a myocardial infarction and has been started on clopidogrel. The nurse should develop a teaching plan that includes which points? Select all that apply.

-Clopidogrel works by preventing platelets from sticking together and forming a clot. -The client may bruise more easily and may experience bleeding gums. -The client should report unexpected bleeding or bleeding that lasts a long time.

When a 27-year-old is admitted for treatment of anorexia nervosa, the nurse prepares the client for diagnostic testing that includes what? Select all that apply.

-Serum cortisol -Serum glucose -Electrocardiogram (ECG) -Serum amylase

Which is an indicator of orthostatic hypotension?

Dizziness

The nurse should use the bell of the stethoscope during auscultation of:

a client's heart murmur.

An older adult had a myocardial infarction (MI) 4 days ago. At 0930, the client's blood pressure is 102/64 mm Hg. After reviewing the client's progress notes (see chart), the nurse should first:

notify the health care provider (HCP).

A client has the leg immobilized in a long leg cast. Which finding indicates the beginning of circulatory impairment?

tingling of toes

While caring for a the postpartum client who is receiving treatment with bed rest and intravenous heparin therapy for a deep vein thromobosis, the nurse should contact the client's health care provider (HCP) immediately if the client exhibited which symptom?

Dyspnea

The nurse is obtaining data on an older adult client. What finding may indicate to the nurse the early symptom of heart failure?

Dyspnea on exertion

What would be the most important nursing intervention in caring for the client's residual limb during the first 24 hours after amputation of the left leg?

Elevate the residual limb on a pillow.

The nurse is administering nitroglycerin, which he knows decreases preload as well as afterload. Preload refers to which of the following?

The amount of blood presented to the ventricles just before systole

A nurse is assessing an apical pulse on a cardiac client. The client is taking digoxin, which is a cardiac medication. The nurse can anticipate that the digoxin will do what?

Decrease the apical pulse.

A nurse is planning care for a client in acute addisonian crisis. Which nursing diagnosis should receive the highest priority?

Decreased cardiac output

Which statement is accurate regarding Reynaud disease?

Episodes may be triggered by unusual sensitivity to cold.

Aortic dissection may be mistaken for which of the following disease processes?

Myocardial infarction (MI)

The nurse is caring for a patient with venous insufficiency. What should the nurse assess the patient's lower extremities for?

Ulceration

A nurse is assessing a client who has a history of a bleeding peptic ulcer. Which of the following assessments should the nurse report immediately?

Abdominal distension; cool, clammy skin; weak, thready pulse

The nurse is auscultating the heart of a client diagnosed with mitral valve prolapse. Which is often the first and only manifestation of mitral valve prolapse?

An extra heart sound

The nurse caring for a client admitted with a deep vein thrombosis is reviewing the client's prepackaged medications delivered by the pharmacy. The nurse suspects a pharmacy omission when medication from which of the following classifications is missing?

Anticoagulant

A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old client with a neuroblastoma who has been receiving chemotherapy for the last 4 weeks. His laboratory test results indicate a Hgb of 12.5 g/dL (125 g/L), HCT of 36.8% (0.37), WBC of 2000 mm3 (2 X 109/L), and platelet count of 150,000/μL (150 X 109/L). Based on the child's values, what is the highest priority nursing intervention?

Encourage meticulous handwashing by the client and visitors.

Which area of the heart that is located at the third intercostal space to the left of the sternum?

Erb point

It is important for the nurse to encourage the patient to rise slowly from a sitting or lying position because:

Gradual changes in position provide time for the heart to increase rate of contraction to resupply oxygen to the brain.

Aging is positively correlated to the incidence of hypertension. This is due to three of the following four structural or functional changes. Which choice is not considered a cause?

Increased ability to exert diastolic pressure

A patient who has suffered a stroke begins having complications regarding spasticity in the lower extremity. What ordered medication does the nurse administer to help alleviate this problem?

Lioresal (Baclofen)

A client with a history of cocaine addiction is admitted to the coronary care unit for evaluation of substernal chest pain. The electrocardiogram (ECG) shows a 1-mm ST-segment elevation in the anteroseptal leads and T-wave inversion in leads V3 to V5. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer?

Nitroglycerin

The nurse is assessing a newborn by auscultating the heart and lungs. Which natural phenomenon will the nurse explain to the parents is happening in the cardiovascular system?

Pressure changes occur and result in closure of the ductus arteriosus.

When measuring the blood pressure in each arm of a healthy adult client, the nurse recognizes that which statement is true?

Pressures should not differ more than 5 mm Hg between arms.

A client arrives at the urgent care center complaining of chest pain. After diagnosis, the health care provider prescribes amlodipine for the client's condition. The nurse understands that this drug is indicated for which condition?

Prinzmetal angina

Which of the following is not a manifestation of Cushing's Triad?

Tachycardia

Which sign is an early indicator of heart failure in an infant with a congenital heart defect?

Tachycardia

A client who had a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) 1 day earlier has a three-way Foley catheter inserted for continuous bladder irrigation. Which of the following statements best explains why continuous irrigation is used after TURP?

To keep the catheter free from clot obstruction.

When assessing an individual with peripheral vascular disease, which clinical manifestation would indicate complete arterial obstruction in the lower left leg?

coldness of the left foot and ankle

A client has edema of the feet and ankles, along with crackles in the lower lobes and a frothy, productive cough. The client is suffering from:

congestive heart failure.

A client with high blood pressure is receiving an antihypertensive drug. The nurse knows that antihypertensive drugs commonly cause fatigue and dizziness, especially on rising. When developing a client teaching plan to minimize orthostatic hypotension, which instruction should the nurse include?

"Flex your calf muscles, avoid alcohol, and change positions slowly."

A client has had an echocardiogram to measure ejection fracton. The nurse explains that ejection fraction is the percentage of blood the left ventricle ejects upon contraction. What is the typical percentage of blood a healthy heart ejects?

55%

A client is returning from the operating room after inguinal hernia repair. The nurse notes that he has fluid volume excess from the operation and is at risk for left-sided heart failure. Which sign or symptom indicates left-sided heart failure?

Bibasilar crackles

At a certain point, the brain's ability to autoregulate becomes ineffective and decompensation (ischemia and infarction) begins. Which of the following are associated with Cushing's triad? Select all that apply.

Bradycardia Bradypnea Hypertension

A 17-year-old client with a long-standing diagnosis of bulimia nervosa has been admitted to the emergency department after collapsing in a mall. The care team that admits the client to the hospital should prioritize which assessment?

Cardiac assessment and measurement of electrolyte levels

The nurse is caring for a client on hemodialysis who has an arteriovenous (AV) fistula in the right arm. When managing a client's plan of care, which instructions would the nurse determine as a priority is being completed? Select all that apply.

Completing arm and finger exercises Avoiding all blood pressure readings and trauma to the right arm Assessing the shunt by auscultating a bruit

A client is diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which nursing diagnosis should receive highest priority at this time?

Ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion related to venous congestion

When monitoring a client recently admitted for treatment of cocaine addiction, a nurse notes sudden increases in the arterial blood pressure and heart rate. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer?

Nifedipine

For both outpatients and inpatients scheduled for diagnostic procedures of the cardiovascular system, the nurse performs a thorough initial assessment to establish accurate baseline data. Which data is necessary to collect if the client is experiencing chest pain?

description of the pain

To give birth to her infant, a woman is asked to push with contractions. Which pushing technique is the most effective and safest?

head elevated, grasping knees, breathing out

Which is a characteristic of right-sided heart failure?

jvd

A client has been diagnosed with peripheral arterial occlusive disease. In order to promote circulation to the extremities, the nurse should instruct the client to:

participate in a regular walking program.

According to the classification of hypertension diagnosed in older adults, hypertension that can be attributed to an underlying cause is termed

secondary

The nurse is conducting a health assessment of an older adult. The client tells the nurse about cramping leg pain that occurs when walking for 15 minutes; the pain is relieved with rest. The lower extremities are slightly cool to touch and pedal pulses are palpable +1. The nurse should instruct the client to:

seek consultation from the health care provider (HCP).