Principles of Government Part 1 review

Which of the following quotations best expresses the tenet of equality?

"All men are created equal...with certain...rights."

Which phrase is included in the preamble to the U.S. Constitution?

"secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity"

Which of the following statements is not correct?

National governments were invented less than 1,000 years ago.

Which of the following is a basic tenet of American democracy?

compromise

What does anarchy mean?

government by no one

unitary government

A centralized government in which all government powers belong to a single, central agency.

Code of Hammurabi

A collection of 282 laws. One of the first (but not THE first) examples of written law in the ancient world.

direct democracy

A form of government in which citizens rule directly and not through representatives

federal government

A form of government in which powers are divided between a central government and several local governments.

totalitarianism

A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)

authoritarianism

A political system in which a small group of individuals exercises power over the state without being constitutionally responsible to the public.

autocracy

A system of government in which the power to rule is in the hands of a single individual

anarchy

Absence of law or government; chaos, disorder

John Locke's Treatise

Argues that the government has limited power based on consent

"if a man has destroyed the eye of another free man, his own eye shall be destroyed". this excerpt is from which document?

Code of Hammurabi

authority

Control over someone or something

limited government

In this type of government everyone, including all authority figures, must obey laws. Constitutions, statements of rights, or other laws define the limits of those in power so they cannot take advantage of the elected, appointed, or inherited positions.

What is a pluralist theory of government?

It argues that power is spread among many different groups

What was the basic argument of John Locke's Second Treatise on Government ?

It explained that government was formed by a social contract. He imagined a time in the distant past when people first got together and created a government for themselves. Then he explained what a proper government should do.

The statement "the rich will do anything for the poor but get off their backs" is attributed to which of the following people?

Karl Marx

the only way whereby any one gives his natural liberty and becomes a member of an organized society, is by agreeing with other men to join and unite into a community for their comfortable, safe, and peaceable living one amongst another, in a secure enjoyment of their properties, and a greater security against people who don't belong to the society

Locke being born with natural rights.

Which of the following statements is not correct?

National governments were one of the first forms of government ever invented.

What is the name of a government where the legislative branch is more powerful than the executive branch. In fact, the executive branch is normally chosen out of the legislature

Parliamentary government

confederate government

Power given to the states. The national government is weak. Type of the government the south had during the civil war.

What is C. Wright Mills's theory about power?

Power is concentrated among a "power elite" of top soldiers, bureaucrats, and business people.

Which statement describes Max Weber's theory about power?

Power is held by bureaucrats and administrators.

Aristotle came up with many reasons why statesmen should know all the different types of government. Which of the following is not one of Aristotle's reasons?

So statesmen could choose the government that would maximize their personal power

What is the name for a government that exerts complete power over the population, even controlling their thoughts and most intimate private lives?

Totalitarian government

What is the name of a government where power is located in a single location, usually the capital city.

Unified or central government

What is legitimacy?

When someone who holds power is recognized as having the right to rule.

Which phrase best describes the U.S. Constitution?

a plan of government

indirect democracy

a system of government that gives citizens the opportunity to vote for representatives who work on their behalf

Which best describes power recognized as legitimate?

authority

Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin were considered to be which of the following?

autocrats

According to Max Weber, what class of people have power in modern societies?

bureaucrats

Which is the government of the United States based on?

certain ideas or tenets of democracy

Which theory about the origins of government holds that government was created when members of society got together and agreed to form a government?

contract theory

Which term describes Aristotle's opinion on knowing the different types of government?

critical

Which theory would a seventeenth-century European king most likely support?

divine right theory

Which term is applied to people with a disproportionate share of power?

elites

What type of theories argue that only a small number of people hold power in a society?

elitist

Which of the following items is not one of the five purposes of government?

equality

8 tenets of American democracy

evolution theory

Which term relates to the theory that states that governments developed from family ties?

evolution theory

What type of government does the United States have?

federal

purposes of government

forming a more perfect union, establishing justice, insuring domestic tranquility, providing for the common defense, promoting the general welfare, and securing the blessings of liberty.

Morgenthau's Politics Among Nations The whole political life of a nation?

from the local to the national level, is a continuous struggle for power.

Which term refers to an institution created by a society to create and enforce public policies?

government

what word do we use for the institution created by a society to create and enforce public policies?

government

which item is something that almost every society has had?

government

The Preamble of the United States Constitution We the people

in order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice

which of the following items is a defining characteristic of a nation state

it has a government

The Code of Hammurabi is a collection of what type of items?

laws

When a government keeps someone within the society from hurting someone else, it most directly accomplishes which purpose of government?

maintaining order

The most powerful governments in the world are what kind of governments?

national

What is the name for the form of government where power is held by a small group of people, who then control the entire government?

oligarchy

if a nation-state is invaded by another nation, what purpose has its government failed to perform?

order

Which term does not describe American government?

parliamentary

What is the term for a government in which the legislature and the executive are distinct and separate and check each other's power?

parliamentary government

Which best describes the theory of power that argues that many people have access to power?

pluralist

Which term means "consent of the governed"?

popular sovereignty

Which term is applied to the ability to control the actions of others?

power

Which term relates to control over the actions of others?

power

Leaders of the economy, the military, and the government made up which faction, according to C. Wright Mills?

power elite

A government creates an army. Which purpose of government is it fulfilling?

protecting the people

What is another term for indirect democracy?

representative democracy

Which theory is most closely associated with John Locke?

social contract theory

When a state has the power to determine its form of government and its economic and social systems, that state is said to have which of the following?

sovereignty

What is the preamble of the United States Constitution?

the opening paragraph that explains the purposes of the United States government

According to the force theory, government developed from which of the following?

violence