principles of Growth and Development

The parent of a 20-month-old expresses concern that the child continually says "no" whenever asked to do something and wants to know what punishment is appropriate at this age for his disobedience. The nurse should respond by stating: 1. "Children at this age often show autonomy by vocalizing no, so should not be criticized or punished." 2. "The child is showing signs of disobedience and should receive an appropriate time-out for the behavior." 3. "The child does not seem to have an understanding of language appropriate for this age and should be referred for assessment." 4. "Is your child exposed to this type of communication at home? Possibly it is learned behavior."

1

Which anticipatory guideline would the nurse understand to be appropriate for a 4-year-old child? 1. A child this age will be learning to use scissors 2. A child this age will be learning how to draw a circle with a pencil. 3. A child this age will be learning to dress themselves. 4. A child this age will be learning to speak full sentences.

1

The nurse is caring for a client with leukemia. The nurse understands that he must tailor his teaching to this client who is in the formal operational phase. What must the nurse keep in mind when teaching the client? Select all that apply. 1. The client is capable of hypothetical and deductive reasoning. 2. The client's thinking is influenced by fantasy and imagination. 3. The client has perception of actions and consequences. 4. The client is able to understand the reason for hospitalization. 5. Teaching through discussion is ineffective.

1, 3, 4

The nurse is assessing a 6-year-old child. According to Piaget, what should the nurse expect to observe in the child at this stage? Select all that apply. 1. The child's thinking is influenced by fantasy. 2. The child understands the concept of time. 3. The child is able to think abstractly. 4. The child is able to think about things that are not in the present. 5. The child's language skills are fully developed.

1, 4

The pediatric nurse is assessing several children for routine check-ups. Which client would the nurse assume to be in the industry versus inferiority stage of development 1. The client who states, "I can't wait to go shopping after this. My friends are going to be so jealous of my new outfits!" 2. The client who states, "The rest of my friends cheat on tests, but I don't because the teacher said we shouldn't." 3. The client who states, "I can't wait to go to college so I can finally gain some sort of independence." 4. The client who states, "I stole a cookie last night and I don't feel good about it."

2

The nurse is teaching the parents of a 6-month-old infant what to expect as their baby's gross motor skills develop. By the baby's first birthday, what gross motor skills are expected? Select all that apply. 1. Jumps 2. Can pull self to standing position 3. Can sit unsupported 4. Walks holding on to furniture 5. May walk two to three steps independently

2, 3, 4, 5

An infant born at 32 weeks' gestation is now seen in the clinic for a six-month visit. Assuming a full gestation of 40 weeks and adjusting for gestational age, which developmental milestone does the nurse anticipate the infant should be demonstrating? Select all that apply. 1. Pulls self up to stand 2. Grasps toys 3. Supports upper body with arms when lying on stomach 4. Transfers object from one hand to the other 5. Follows objects with eyes to midline

2, 3, 5

A nurse is caring for a toddler on an inpatient unit. Which developmental milestones should be expected at this stage by the nurse? Select all that apply. 1. Gross motor development milestones include learning to ride a bike. 2. Speech and language milestones include learning to put three or more words together to form a sentence. 3. Fine motor development milestones include learning to use a fine pincer grasp. 4. Fine motor development milestones include stacking 6 or more blocks on top of one another. 5. Cognitive development milestones include understanding the concept of object permanence.

2, 4

The nurse is planning to teach a 4-year-old client regarding her upcoming procedure. The nurse knows that at this age, the client can developmentally: 1. Think abstractly 2. Make rational judgments 3. Have thoughts that are often influenced by fantasy 4. Use deductive reasoning

3

The nurse is weighing a client during their 6-month well-baby check. The baby weighed 4.5 kg when it was born. How much is the baby expected to weigh at this visit? 1. 13.5 kg 2. 6 kg 3. 9 kg 4. 12 kg

3

Which anticipatory guideline does the nurse identify as appropriate for a preschool aged child? 1. A child this age will be learning to run. 2. A child this age will be learning how to draw a circle with a pencil. 3. A child this age will be learning dress themselves. 4. A child this age will be learning to go down and upstairs independently.

3

A mother states that she required iron therapy during pregnancy due to anemia. Which physical finding would the nurse want to look for in the newborn to detect a potential complication related to this condition? 1. Irritability 2. Low birth weight 3. Cleft lip and palate 4. Pale mucus membranes

4

The mother of a 2-year-old asks the nurse advice on what toys are appropriate for this age. Which toy selection by the mother would be concerning for the nurse? 1. Building blocks 2. Tricycle 3. Play-Doh 4. Bead stringing toys

4

The nurse is preparing a 12-year-old girl for her annual check-up. She expects to see the following difference from last year's measurement: 1. No significant change in weight 2. No significant change in height 3. Slow, uniform gain in height and weight 4. A growth spurt since last year's visit

4