Principles of Personal Health Final Exam

Which of the following statements is true regarding the gender differences in communication?

Women speak more in private, usually to build better connections with others

The transactional model views stress as ___

a function both of stressors and of a person's reaction to them

Stress is defined as ____

a response to any event or situation that either upsets us or excites us

Possible unintended negative consequences of sexting include ____

a risk of unwanted sexual advances

What is burnout?

a state of exhaustion brought on by constant or repeated emotional pressure

The process by which friends, friends of friends, acquaintances, and others in our social circle influence our behavior and our health, both positively and negatively, is termed ___

Social Contagion

which factor increases the likelihood of a hookup

all of these

People who are autonomous ____

are true to themselves

Which of the following therapies focuses on modifying inappropriate or inaccurate thoughts or beliefs to help individuals break out of a distorted, maladaptive way of thinking?

cognitive therapy

Which of the following statements is true of stress and the gastrointestinal system?

constrict blood vessels in the digestive tract

College students who report higher stress levels are more likely to ___

consume junk food an soft drinks

Which of the following uses online sites, forums, and social media to harass victims and tries to damage their reputation or turn others against them?

cyberstalking

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of major depression?

difficulty concentrating

Which of the following terms refer to unwittingly contributing to a person's addictive or abusive behavior?

enabling

Microaggressions are verbal and nonverbal communications that subtly convey rudeness and insensitivity

false

Spiritual Health is the capacity to sense, understand, and tap into ourselves, others, and the world around us

false

What is social anxiety disorder?

fear and avoidance of social situations

Which of the following is a factor that increases vulnerability to a mental disorder among undergraduates?

financial pressures

___ is a state of closeness between two people, characterized by the desire and ability to share one's innermost thoughts and feelings with each other either verbally or nonverbally.

intimacy

Which of the following is true about intimate partner violence?

it occurs more often among cohabiting couples

Steps to enrich your spiritual life can include ____

making time for silence

Being assertive includes ___

making your needs and desires clear to others

Which of the following statements is true of marriages and divorces among Americans?

married people have lower rates of coronary disease and cancer

A relaxed, peaceful state of being that can be achieved with which of the following activities?

meditating for 15 minutes

The most widely publicized dietary supplement for relieving insomnia contains ____

melatonin

__ health describes our ability to perceive reality as it is, to respond to its challenges, and to develop rational strategies for living

mental

A method of stress reduction that involves experiencing the physical and mental sensations of the present moment is called

mindfulness

The most common source of stress, as reported by about two-thirds of the people who responded to a recent American Psychological Association survey, is ___

money

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of bipolar disorder?

mood swings

Which of the following anxiety disorders is treated with a process called systematic desensitization?

phobia

___ takes into account the role of early experiences and unconscious influences in actively shaping behaviors.

psychodynamic psychotherapy

A person suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder may experience which of the following symptoms?

terror-filled dreams

Liking is the intimacy friends share

true

Microaggressions are subtle racial expressions

true

Self-compassion is a healthy form of self-acceptance in the face of perceived inadequacy or failure

true

Women look into another woman's eyes more often than they would if talking with a man

true

Which of the following have studies shown to be among the most important reasons for attraction among college students?

warmth and kindness

Which of the following is one of the ways in which male and female brains differ?

when men actively think about something, neurons turn on in highly specific areas of the brain

Which of the following is true of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?

without recognition and treatment, PTSD can last for decades

According to the CDC which of the following statements is true of sleep-related problems among Americans?

women are more likely than men to report not getting enough sleep

Which of the following is true of suicide?

women attempt suicide much more often than men

Which predictor is the most important reason for attraction?

All of these

Which of the following is the first stage of a relationship?

Blending

Which of the following statements is true of American families?

In African American families, traditional gender roles are often reversed

Which of the following is true of social health?

It involves developing interpersonal relationships

Which of the following is true of friendships?

It is not possible to have more than five close friends through face-to-face contact

Students that are most likely to engage in hookups are white and nonreligious.

True

Which of the following approaches to practicing positive psychology requires a person to expect positive experiences from life?

becoming optimistic

Which of the following traits is essential to communicate clearly?

being assertive

A friends-with-benefits relationship is a relationship ____

between friends that includes sexual intimacy

What is the first step in the process of values clarification?

carefully consider the consequences of each choice

___ produce a fight-or-flight response and prompt the immune system to ready itself for the possibility of infections resulting from bites, punctures, or other wounds.

chronic

Which of the following techniques will help a student with time management?

focusing on past activities

Another term for looking at an individual's health as a whole rather than part by part is ____

holistic

Blended families are families ___

in which one or both of the partners bring children from a previous union

Which of the following is a factor that enables individuals to thrive in the face of adversity?

self-actualization

"Neustress" is a term that has been introduced to refer to ___ stresses

neural

Panic attacks ___

occur more frequently among family members with the disorder

Areas of the brains responsible for tasks such as ___ are not fully developed until the mid-20s

organizing and planning

Which of the following is produced by the pituitary gland as a response to stress and is also called the "cuddle chemical"?

oxytocin

The Yerkes-Dodson Law states that ____

people are most motivated when they are most stressed

Traumatic events that may trigger acute stress disorder include which of the following?

personal or physical assault

Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder ___

realize that their behaviors are irrational

Which of the following strategies will benefit students with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder?

recording lectures rather than taking notes

Which of the following is one of the things that people who practice self-compassion tend to do?

refuse to engage in self pity

According to the National Institute of Mental Health, ___ is characterized by abnormalities in brain structure and chemistry, destroys the "inner unity of the mind" and weakens "the will and drive that constitute our essential character"

schizophrenia

The highest level of "Maslow pyramid" of human needs is ____

self-actualization

What kind of experiences that racial minorities have are referred to as microaggressions?

subtle negations of identity

According to the general adaptation syndrome theory, how does the body typically respond to an acute stressor?

the body demonstrates three stages of change: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion

Which of the following statements is true of people who engage in hookups?

they believe it is a reflection of sexual freedom

Neurons __

transmit information within the brain and throughout the body by means of electrical impulses and chemical messengers

A great deal of daily communication focuses on facts: on the who, what, where, when, and how

true

A sign of codependency is having an attraction to people who need rescuing

true

Chronic stressors go on for an extended period of time

true

Emotional intelligence is the ability to monitor and use emotions to guide thinking and actions

true