Principles of Physical Science Exam 2

What is the formula for the sulfate ion? a. (HS04)- b. (S04)2- c. S2- d. (S03)2-

(SO4)2-.

A transformer a. Changes the voltage of a direct current. b. Changes the power of a direct current. c. Changes the voltage of an alternation current. d. Changes the amperage of an alternating current.

Changes the voltage of an alternation current.

You know that a chemical reaction is taking place if a. The temperature of a substance increases b. Electrons move in a steady current c. Chemical bonds are formed or broken d. All of the above are correct

Chemical bonds are formed or broken.

You are using which description of a current if you consider a current to be positive charge that flow from the positive to the negative terminal of a battery? a. Electron current b. Conventional current c. Proton current d. Alternation current

Conventional current.

The condition of farsightedness, or hyperopia, can be corrected with a (an) a. concave lens b. convex lens c. eyepiece lens d. combination of convex and concave lens

Convex lens.

The law that predicts the behavior of electrostatic forces acting through space a. The law of universal gravitation. b. Watt's law. c. Coulomb's law. d. Ohm's law.

Coulomb's law.

The unit of electric charge is the a. volt. b. amp. c. coulomb. d. watt.

Coulomb.

Atoms that achieve an octet by sharing electrons form a. Covalent bonds b. Ionic bonds c. Metallic bonds d. Hydrogen bonds

Covalent bonds.

The combination of nonmetals with nonmetals forms a. Covalent compounds b. Metallic compounds c. Ionic compounds d. No compounds

Covalent compounds.

One element is in the VA family of the periodic table, and a second is in the VIA family. What type of compound will these two elements form? a. Ionic b. Covalent c. They will not form a compound d. More information is needed to answer this question

Covalent.

Which type of chemical bond is formed between two atoms by the sharing if two electrons, with one electron from each atom? a. Ionic b. Covalent c. Metallic d. All of the above are correct

Covalent.

An electric meter measure the a. Actual number of charges moving through a conductor. b. Current in packets of coulombs. c. Strength of a magnetic field. d. Difference in potential between two points in a conductor.

Strength of a magnetic field.

If you want to know the number of neutrons in an atom of a given element, you a. round the atomic weight to the nearest whole number. b. add the mass number and the atomic number. c. subtract the atomic number from the mass number. d. add the mass number and the atomic number, then divide by 2.

Subtract the atomic number from the mass number.

Which of the following is luminous? a. Moon b. Mars c. Sun d. All of the Above

Sun.

The difference in the light emitted from a candle, an incandescent lightbulb, and the Sun is basically due to differences in a. energy sources b. materials c. temperatures d. phases of matter

Temperatures.

The electrons that participate in chemical bonding are the a. Valence electrons b. Electrons in fully occupied orbits c. Stable inner electrons d. All of the above are correct

Valence electrons.

What determines the chemical properties of an atom? a. Valence electrons b. Atomic weight c. Neutrons and protons d. Protons only

Valence electrons.

The current in the secondary coil of a transformer is produced by a a. Varying magnetic field. b. Varying electric field. c. Constant magnetic field. d. Constant electric field.

Varying magnetic field.

Polarization of light is best explained by considering light to be a. vibrating waves in one plane b. moving particles in one plane c. none of the above

Vibrating waves in one plane.

Which of the following does not have an ionic bond?a. BaCl2 b. Na2O c. CS2 d. BaS

CS2.

The correct name for the compound CS2 is a. Discarbon disulfide b. Carbon disulfite c. Carbon disulfide d. Monocarbon trilsulfide

Carbon disulfide.

This isotope provides the standard to which the masses of all other isotopes are compared: a. carbon-12 b. oxygen-16 c. hydrogen-1 d. gold-197

Carbon-12

Chemical energy is defined as a. Change of internal potential energy during a chemical reaction b. Energy that is only absorbed during a chemical reaction c. Energy that is only released during a chemical reaction d. Energy added to a chemical reaction

Change of internal potential energy during a chemical reaction.

Of the following, the electromagnetic wave with the shortest wavelength is a. radio wave b. infrared light c. ultraviolet light d. X rays

X rays.

Sulfur and oxygen are both in the VIA family of the periodic table. If element X combines with oxygen to form the compound X2O1 element X will combine with sulfur to form what compound? a. XS2 b. X2S c. X2S2 d. It is impossible to say without more information

X2S.

What is the formula for the compound zinc chloride? a. ZnCl b. Zn2Cl c. ZnCl2 d. ZnCl4

ZnCl2.

Atoms of the representative elements have a tendency to seek stability through a. Acquiring the hydrogen gas structures b. Filling or emptying their outer orbitals c. Any situations that we will find all orbitals d. All of the above are correct

Filling or emptying their outer orbitals.

The rate at which an electric current flow through a circuit is measured in units of a. volt. b. amp. c. coulomb. d. watt.

Amp.

The strength of a magnetic field around a current-carrying wire varies directly with the a. Amperage of the current. b. Voltage of the current. c. Resistance of the wire. d. Temperature of the wire.

Amperage of the current.

An atom of an element in family VIA will have what charge when it is ionized? a. +1 b. -1 c. +2 d. -2

-2.

An inorganic compound made of only two different elements has a systematic name that always ends with the suffix a. -ite b. -ate c. -ide d. -ous

-ide.

An atom has 6 protons, 6 electrons, and 6 neutrons, so the isotope symbol is a. 18 \\ 12 Mg b. 12 \\ 12 Mg c. 12 \\ 6 C d. 18 \\ 6 C

12 \\ 6 C.

An electron in the second main energy level and the second sublevel is described by the symbols a. 1s. b. 2s. c. 1p. d. 2p

2p.

How many valence electrons does the element Nitrogen (N) have? a. 3 b. 7 c. 5 d. 14

5.

Refraction of light happens when light undergoes a. reflection from a surface b. a change of speed between two transparent materials c. movement through a critical angle d. a 90 angle of incidence

A change of speed between two transparent materials.

An electric field describes the condition of space around a. A charged particle. b. A magnetic pole. c. A mass. d. All of the above.

A charged particle.

To be operational, a complete electric circuit must contain a source of energy, a device that does work, and a. A magnetic field. b. A conductor from the source to the working device and another conductor back to the source c. Connecting wires from the source to the working device. d. A magnetic field and a switch.

A conductor from the source to the working device and another conductor back to the source.

A current-carrying wire always has a. A magnetic field with closed concentric field lines around the length of the wire. b. A magnetic field with field lines parallel to the length of the wire. c. An electric field but no magnetic field around the wire. d. Nothing in the space around the wire.

A magnetic field with closed concentric field lines around the length of the wire.

A current-carrying wire has a magnetic field around it because a. A moving charge produces a magnetic field of its own. b. The current aligns the magnetic domains in the metal of the wire. c. The metal was magnetic before the current was established, and the current enhanced the magnetic effect. d. None of the above is correct.

A moving charge produces a magnetic field of its own.

Today, light is considered to be a. tiny particles of matter that move through space, having no wave properties b. electromagnetic waves only, with no properties of particles c. a small-scale phenomenon without a sharp distinction between particle and wave properties d. something that is completely unknown

A small-scale phenomenon without a sharp distinction between particle and wave properties.

Which of the following is NOT true of a compound? It is a. a pure substance b. composed of combinations of atoms c. held together by chemical bonds d. a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler units

A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler units.

The image you see in a mirror is a. a real image b. a virtual image c. not really an image

A virtual image.

Atomic weight is a. determined by weighing individual atoms. b. an average weight of the isotopes of an element. c. the number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus. d. a weighted average of the masses of isotopes of an element based on abundance.

A weighted average of the masses of isotopes of an element based on abundance.

What is the formula for the compound aluminum bromide? a. Albr2 b. AlBr3 c. Al2Br3 d. Al3Br

AlBr3

Group IIA elements are called a. alkali metals. b. alkaline earth metals. c. alkaline salts. d. beryllium metals.

Alkaline earth metals.

Green grass absorbs a. yellow light b. green light c. blue light d. all light but green light

All light but green light.

All neutral atoms of an element have the same a. atomic number. b. number of electrons. c. number of protons. d. All of the above are correct.

All of the above are correct.

The Bohr model of the atom a. explained the color lines in the hydrogen spectrum. b. could not explain the line spectrum of atoms larger than hydrogen. c. had some made-up rules without explanations. d. All of the above are correct.

All of the above are correct.

Transition elements a. are metals. b. belong to the B group. c. have variable charges. d. All of the above are correct.

All of the above are correct.

Which of the following represents a hydrogen isotope? a. 1 \\ 1 H b. 2 \\ 1 H c. 3 \\ 1 H d. All of the above are correct.

All of the above are correct.

Comparing measurements made on the ground to measurements made in a very fast airplane would find that a. the length of an object is shorter b. clocks run more slowly c. objects have an increased mass d. all of the above are true

All of the above are true.

A lodestone is a natural magnet that attracts a. Iron. b. Cobalt. c. Nickel. d. All of the above.

All of the above.

Light interacts with matter by which process a. absorption b. reflection c. transmission d. all of the above

All of the above.

The electromagnetic wave model defines an electromagnetic wave as having a. a velocity b. a magnetic field c. an electric field d. all of the above

All of the above.

The operation of which of the following depends on the interaction between two magnetic fields? a. Car stereo speakers b. Telephone c. Relay circuit d. All of the above

All of the above.

In which of the following currents is there no electron movement from one end of a conducting wire to the other end? a. Electron current b. Direct current c. Alternating current d. None of the above

Alternating current.

Which of the following units are measures of rates? a. Amp and volt b. Coulomb and joule c. Volt and watt d. Amp and watt

Amp and watt.

The special theory of relativity is a. a new explanation of gravity b. an analysis of how space and time are changed by motion c. an analysis of how fast-moving clocks run faster d. based on a changing velocity of light

An analysis of how space and time are changed by motion.

An electromagnet uses a. A magnetic field to produce an electric current. b. An electric current to produce an electric current. c. A magnetic current to produce an electric field. d. An electric field to produce a magnetic current.

An electric current to produce an electric current.

The speaker in a stereo system works by the action of a. A permanent magnet creating an electric current. b. An electromagnet pushing and pulling on a permanent magnet. c. Sound waves pushing and pulling on an electromagnet. d. Electrons creating sound waves.

An electromagnet pushing and pulling on a permanent magnet.

Any part of the electromagnetic spectrum, including the colors of visible light, can be measured in units of a. wavelength b. frequency c. energy d. any of the above

Any of the above.

Which of the following is an example of a monatomic molecule? a. O2 b. N2 c. Ar d. O3

Ar.

The lines of color in a line spectrum from a given element a. change colors with changes in the temperature. b. are always the same, with a regular spacing pattern. c. are randomly spaced, having no particular pattern. d. have the same colors, with a spacing pattern that varies with the temperature.

Are always the same, with a regular spacing pattern.

In an electric current, the electrons are moving a. At a very slow rate. b. At the speed of light. c. Faster than the speed of light. d. At a speed described as supersonic.

At a very slow rate.

The smallest unit of an element that can exist alone or in combination with other elements is a(n) a. nucleus b. atom c. molecule d. proton

Atom.

If you want to know the number of protons in an atom of a given element, you look up the a. mass number. b. atomic number. c. atomic weight. d. abundance of isotopes compared to the mass number.

Atomic number.

A piece of iron can be magnetized or unmagnetized. This is explained by the idea that a. Electrons in iron atoms are spinning and have magnetic fields around them. b. Atoms of iron are grouped into tiny magnetic domains that may orient themselves in a particular direction or in a random direction. c. Unmagntized iron atoms can be magnetized by an external magnetic field. d. The north and south poles of iron can be segregated by the application of an external magnetic field.

Atoms of iron are grouped into tiny magnetic domains that may orient themselves in a particular direction or in a random direction.

What is the chemical formula if there are two bromide ions for each barium ion in a compound? a. 2Br1Ba b. Ba2Br c. BaBr2 d. None of the above are correct

BaBr2.

Polar covalent bonds result when the electronegativity difference between the two atoms in the bond is a. 1.7 and greater b. Between 0.5 and 1.7 c. Less than 0.5 d. Equal to 0

Between 0.5 and 1.7.

Electromagnetic radiation is given off from matter at any temperature. This radiation is called a. luminous b. blackbody radiation c. incandescent d. bioluminous radiation blackbody radiation

Blackbody radiation.

An idealized material that absorbs and perfectly emits electro magnetic radiation is a (an) a. star b. blackbody c. electromagnetic wave d. photon blackbody

Blackbody.

Which of the following is not an example of a chemical reaction? a. Blending of a vanilla milkshake b. Growing tomatoes c. Burning logs in the fireplace d. Digesting your dinner

Blending of a vanilla milkshake.

A photon of which of the following has the most energy? a. Red light b. Orange light c. Green light d. Blue light

Blue light.

Which variable is inversely proportional to the resistance? a. Length of conductor b. Cross-sectional area of conductor c. Temperature of conductor d. Conductor material

Cross-sectional area of conductor.

The isotopes of a given element always have a. the same mass and the same chemical behavior. b. the same mass and a different chemical behavior. c. different masses and different chemical behaviors. d. different masses and the same chemical behavior.

Different masses and the same chemical behavior.

You are able to see in shaded areas, such as under a tree, because light has undergone a. refraction b. incident bending c. a change in speed d. diffuse reflection

Diffuse reflection.

In 1910, Max Planck introduced the idea that matter emits and absorbs energy in a. light waves. b. discrete units called quanta. c. pulses with no particular pattern. d. pulses that vary in magnitude over time.

Discrete units called quanta.

The separation of white light into its component colors is a. reflection b. refraction c. dispersion d. transmission

Dispersion.

A prism separates the colors of sunlight into a spectrum because a. each wavelength of light has its own index of refraction b. longer wavelengths are refracted more than shorter wavelengths c. red light is refracted the most, violet the least d. all of the above are correct

Each wavelength of light has its own index of refraction.

The photoelectric effect was explained, using Planck's work, by a. Planck b. Einstein c. Maxwell d. Young

Einstein.

In what are atoms of 126 C and 146 C different? a. Number of protons b. Number of neutrons c. Number of electrons d. None of the above is correct.

Number of neutrons.

A material that has elections that are free to move throughout the material is a (an) a. Electrical conductor. b. Electrical insulator. c. Thermal insulator. d. Thermal nonconductor.

Electrical conductor.

Which of the following is most likely to acquire an electrostatic charge? a. Electrical conductor b. Electrical nonconductor c. Both are equally likely d. None of the above is correct

Electrical nonconductor.

The arrangement of electrons in orbitals is called a. electron configuration. b. periodic table. c. quantum numbers. d. energy levels.

Electron configuration.

Energy of the electron is expressed in units of a. electron volts. b. electron watts. c. quantum leaps. d. orbit numbers.

Electron volts.

The comparative ability of atoms of an element to attract bonding electrons is called a. Electron attraction b. Electronegativity c. Bonding d. Electron transfer

Electronegativity.

When a loop of wire cuts across magnetic field lines or when magnetic field lines move across a loop of wire, a. Electrons are pushed toward one end of the loop. b. An electrostatic charge is formed. c. The wire becomes a permanent magnet. d. A magnetic domain is created.

Electrons are pushed toward one end of the loop.

Electromagnetic induction takes place because a. An electric current is measured by the rate of movement of charges. b. The potential is determined by how much work is done. c. Electrons have their own magnetic field, which interacts with an externally applied magnetic field. d. Copper wire is magnetic, which induces magnetism.

Electrons have their own magnetic field, which interacts with an externally applied magnetic field.

Pure substances that cannot be broken down into anything simpler are a. Elements b. Compounds c. Mixtures

Elements.

An electron moving from an excited state to the ground state a. emits a photon. b. gains a photon. c. gains a charge. d. loses a charge.

Emits a photon.

According to the Bohr model, when an electron in a hydrogen atom jumps from an orbit farther from the nucleus to an orbit closer to the nucleus, it a. emits a single photon with energy equal to the energy difference of the two orbits. b. emits four photons, one for each of the color lines observed in the line spectrum of hydrogen. c. emits a number of photons dependent on the number of orbit levels jumped over. d. None of the above is correct.

Emits a single photon with energy equal to the energy difference of the two orbits.

According to Rutherford's calculations, the volume of an atom is mostly a. occupied by protons and neutrons. b. filled with electrons. c. occupied by tightly bound protons, electrons, and neutrons. d. empty space.

Empty space.

Hydrogen, with its one electron, produces a line spectrum in the visible light range with a. one color line. b. two color lines. c. three color lines. d. four color lines.

Four color lines.

The Bohr model of the atom described the energy state of electrons with one quantum number. The quantum mechanics model uses how many quantum numbers to describe the energy state of an electron? a. One b. Two c. Four d. Ten

Four.

When an object acquires a negative charge, it actually a. Gains mass. b. Loses mass. c. Has a constant mass. d. The answer is unknown.

Gains mass.

An ion can be described as an element or compound that a. Gains electrons b. Loses electrons c. Gains or loses electrons d. Shares electrons

Gains or loses electrons

An example of an electrical insulator is a. Graphite. b. Glass. c. Aluminum. d. Tungsten.

Glass.

The general theory of relativity explains a. gravity as a change of space and time b. why the speed of light changes with the speed of an observer c. how the laws of physics change with changes of motion d. Newton's laws of motion

Gravity as a change of space and time.

Green grass reflects a. yellow light b. green light c. blue light d. white light

Green light.

The lowest energy state or level of an atom is the a. bottom state. b. lowest level. c. ground state. d. basement state.

Ground state.

The element chlorine belongs to which group? a. Alkali metals b. Lanthanides c. Halogens d. Noble gases

Halogens.

Earth's magnetic field a. Has undergone many reversals in polarity. b. Has always been as it is now. c. Is created beneath Earth's north geographic pole. d. Is created beneath Earth's south geographic pole.

Has undergone many reversals in polarity.

Reverse the direction of a current in a wire, and the magnetic field around the wire will a. Have an inverse magnitude of strength. b. Have a reverse north pole direction. c. Become a conventional current. d. Remain unchanged.

Have a reversed north pole direction.

The energy released during the formation of an ionic bond is a. Ionic energy b. Heat of formation c. Activation energy d. Heat of creation

Heat of formation.

Today, light is considered to be a stream of photons with a frequency related to its energy. . This relationship finds that a. frequencies near the middle of the spectrum have more energy b. more energetic light is always light with a lower frequency c. higher-frequency light has more energy d. lower-frequency light has more energy

Higher-frequency light has more energy.

The quantum mechanics and Bohr models of the atom both agree on a. the significance of the de Broglie wavelength and the circumference of an orbit. b. the importance of momentum in determining the size of an orbit. c. how electrons are able to emit light. d. None of the above is correct.

How electrons are able to emit light.

A source of light given off as a result of high temperatures is said to be a. luminous b. blackbody radiation c. incandescent d. electromagnetic radiation

Incandescent.

Light is said to travel in straight-line paths, as light rays, until it interacts with matter. A line representing the original ray before it interacts with matter is called a (an) a. incoming light ray b. incident ray c. reflected light ray d. normal ray

Incident ray.

Electromagnetic induction occurs when a coil of wire cuts across magnetic field lines. Which one of the following increases the voltage produced? a. Fewer wire loops in the coil b. Increased strength of the magnetic field c. Slower speed of the moving coil of wire d. Decreased strength of the magnetic field

Increased strength of the magnetic field.

A positive and a negative charge are initially 2 cm apart. What happens to the force on each as they are moved closer and closer together? The force a. Increases while moving. b. Decreases while moving. c. Remains constant. d. The answer is unknown.

Increases while moving.

The ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in a transparent material is called the a. index of deflection b. index of reflection c. index of refraction d. index of diffusion

Index of refraction.

Which of the following can only be explained by a wave model of light a. reflection b. refraction c. interference d. photoelectric effect

Interference.

The gain or loss of electrons from an atom results in the formation of a (an) a. ion. b. metal. c. semiconductor. d. isotope.

Ion.

The electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions is called a (an) a. Ionic bond b. Metallic bond c. Covalent bond d. Electrostatic bond

Ionic bond.

What types of compounds are salts, such as sodium chloride? a. Ionic compounds b. Covalent compounds c. Polar compounds d. All of the above are correct

Ionic compounds.

One element is in the IA family of the periodic table, and a second in the VIIA family. What type of compound will the two elements form? a. Ionic b. Covalent c. They will not form a compound d. More information is needed to answer this question

Ionic.

Which type of chemical bond is formed by a transfer of electrons? a. Ionic b. Covalent c. Metallic d. All of the above are correct

Ionic.

The energy of a photon a. varies inversely with the frequency. b. is directly proportional to the frequency. c. varies directly with the velocity. d. is inversely proportional to the velocity.

Is directly proportional to the frequency.

Atoms of an element that have different numbers of neutrons are called a. allotropes. b. isomers. c. isotopes. d. radioactive.

Isotopes

A metallic bond is defined by all of the following, except a. It is formed in solid metals b. It restricts movements of electrons c. Metal atoms share a "sea of electrons" d. It accounts for metallic properties such as conductivity and luster

It restricts movements of electrons.

According to the Bohr model, an electron gains or loses energy only by a. moving faster or slower in an allowed orbit. b. jumping from one allowed orbit to another. c. being completely removed from an atom. d. jumping from one atom to another atom.

Jumping from one allowed orbit to another.

A photon is emitted from the electronic structure of an atom when an electron a. jumps from a higher to a lower energy level. b. jumps from a lower to a higher energy level. c. reverses its spin by 180°. d. is removed from an atom by a high quantum of energy.

Jumps from a higher to a lower energy level.

An instrument that produces a coherent beam of single-frequency, in-phase light is a a. telescope b. laser c. camera d. solar cell

Laser.

Fiber optics transmits information using a. sound b. computers c. light d. all of the above

Light.

Light from an incandescent gas is dispersed into narrow lines of colors with no light between the lines. This is called a (an) a. impossible spectrum. b. line spectrum. c. Balmer spectrum. d. Newton spectrum.

Line spectrum.

An ion is formed when an atom of a representative element a. Gains or loses protons b. Shares electrons to receive stability c. Loses or gains electrons to satisfy the octet rule d. All of the above are correct

Loses or gains electrons to satisfy the octet rule.

The sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is the a. nucleon number. b. mass number. c. atomic weight. d. isotope number.

Mass number

Which of the following is always a whole number? a. Atomic mass of an isotope b. Mass number of an isotope c. Atomic weight of an element d. None of the above is correct.

Mass number of an isotope.

Any moving particle has a wavelength that is associated with its mass and velocity. This is a statement that proposed the existence of a. photoelectric effect. b. matter waves. c. quanta. d. photons.

Matter waves.

Rutherford's estimate of the radius of an atomic nucleus was based on a. the drift of oil droplets in an electric field. b. speculation about expected symmetry in gold foil. c. measurements of radioactive particle deflections from gold foil. d. measurements of the breakup of a nitrogen atom by collisions with radioactive particles.

Measurements of radioactive particle deflections from gold foil.

Which combination of elements forms crystalline solids that will dissolve in water, producing a solution of ions that can conduct an electric current? a. Metal and metal b. Metal and nonmetal c. Nonmetal and nonmetal d. All of the above are correct

Metal and nonmetal.

What is the chemical symbol for magnesium ion? a. Mg+ b. Mg- c. Mg2+ d. Mg2-

Mg2+.

What is the correct formula for magnesium chloride? a. MgCl b. Mg2Cl c. MgCl2 d. Mg2Cl2

MgCl2.

The smallest particle of a compound or of a gaseous element that can exist and still retain the characteristic properties of that substance is a(n) a. molecule b. element c. atom d. electron

Molecule.

As the temperature of an incandescent object is increased a. more infrared radiation is emitted with less UV b. there is a decrease in the frequency of radiation emitted c.the radiation emitted shifts toward infrared d. more radiation is emitted with a shift to higher frequencies

More radiation is emitted with a shift to higher frequencies.

Magnetism is produced by a. An excess of north monopoles. b. An excess of south monopoles. c. Moving charges. d. Separation of positives and negative charges.

Moving charges.

The photoelectric effect is best explained by considering light to be a. vibrating waves b. moving particles c. none of the above

Moving particles.

Max Planck made the revolutionary discovery that the energy of vibrating molecules involved in blackbody radiation existed only in a. multiples of certain fixed amounts b. amounts that smoothly graded one into the next c. the same, constant amount of energy in all situations d. amounts that were never consistent from one experiment to the next

Multiples of certain fixed amounts.

Which of the following substances is not a compound? a. Water b. Table salt c. Neon d. Rust

Neon.

The component colors of sunlight were first studied by a. Joule b. Galileo c. Newton d. Watt

Newton.

Is it possible to see light without the light interacting with matter? a. yes b. no c. only for opaque objects d. only for transparent objects

No.

The north pole of a suspended or floating bar magnet currently points directly toward Earth's a. North magnetic pole. b. South magnetic pole. c. North geographic pole. d. South geographic pole.North magnetic pole

North magnetic pole.

"Atoms attempt to acquire an outer orbital with eight electrons" is a statement of the a. Heisenberg certainty theory b. Atomic theory c. Octet theory d. Chemical energy balancing rule

Octet rule.

The electrical resistance of a conductor is measured in units of a. volt. b. amp. c. ohm. d. watt.

Ohm.

Materials that do not allow the transmission of any light are called a. transparent b. colored c. opaque d. blackbody

Opaque.

The space in which it is probable that an electron will be found is described by a (an) a. circular orbit. b. elliptical orbit. c. orbital. d. geocentric orbit.

Orbital.

Propane gas burns in oxygen to produce carbon dioxide,water, and energy. The reactants in this reaction are propane and a. Energy b. Oxygen c. Carbon dioxide d. Water

Oxygen

In a single covalent bond between two atoms, a a. Single electron from one of the atoms is shared b. Pair of electrons from one of the atoms is shared c. Pair of electrons, one from each atom, is shared d. Single electron is transferred from one atom

Pair of electrons, one from each atom, is shared.

In which type of circuit would you expect the same voltage with an increased current as more and more resistances are added to the circuit? a. Series circuit b. Parallel circuit c. Open circuit d. None of the above

Parallel circuit.

Today, light is considered to be packets of energy with a frequency related to its energy. These packets are called a. gravitons b. gluons c. photons d. quarks

Photons.

The concept that vibrating molecules emit light in discrete amounts of energy. call quanta. was proposed by a. Newton c. Fresnel c. Planck d. Maxwell

Planck.

A covalent bond in which there is an unequal sharing of bonding electrons is a a. Single covalent bond b. Double covalent bond c. Triple covalent bond d. Polar covalent bond

Polar covalent bond.

What kind of bond has unequal sharing of bonding electrons? a. Polar covalent b. Covalent c. Ionic d. Polar ionic

Polar covalent.

If you multiply amps by volts, the answer will be in units of a. Resistance. b. Work. c. Currents d. Power.

Power.

If you multiply volts by amps, the answer will be in units of a. Power. b. Work. c. Current. d. Potential difference.

Power.

A solar cell a. Produces electricity directly. b. Requires chemical reactions c. Has very short lifetime. d. Uses small moving parts.

Produces electricity directly.

A luminous object a. reflects a dim blue-green light in the dark b. produces light of its own by any method c. shines by reflected light only. such as that from the Moon d. glows only in the absence of light

Produces light of its own by any method.

The atomic number is the number of a. protons. b. protons plus neutrons. c. protons plus electrons. d. protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom.

Protons

Of the following, the electromagnetic wave with the lowest energy is a. radio wave b. infrared light c. ultraviolet light d. X rays

Radio wave.

The color order of longer-wavelength to smaller-wavelength waves in the visible region is a. red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet b. red, violet, blue, yellow, green c. violet, blue, green, yellow, orange, red d. violet, red, blue, green, yellow, orange

Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet.

Electric power companies step up the voltage of generated power for transmission across the country because higher voltage a. Means more power is transmitted. b. Reduces the current, which increases the resistance. c. Meant less power is transmitted. d. Reduces the current, which lowers the energy lost to resistance.

Reduces the current, which lowers the energy lost to resistance.

Polaroid sunglasses work best in eliminating glare because a. reflected light is refracted upward b. unpolarized light vibrates in all possible directions c. reflected light undergoes dispersion d. reflected light is polarized in a horizontal direction only

Reflected light is polarized in a horizontal direction only.

A one-way mirror works because it a. transmits all of the light falling on it b. reflects all of the light falling on it c. reflects and transmits light at the same time d. neither reflects nor transmits light reflects and transmits light at the same time

Reflects and transmits light at the same time.

A mirage is the result of light being a. reflected b. refracted c. absorbed d. bounced around a lot

Refracted.

A pencil is placed in a glass of water. The pencil appears to be bent. This is an example of a. reflection b. refraction c. dispersion d. polarization

Refraction.

Propane gas burns in oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water and energy. For this reaction, energy is a. Absorbed b. Released c. Equal or both sides of the reaction d. Completely consumed in the reaction

Released.

The elements in A groups are called a. alkali elements. b. transition elements. c. representative elements. d. metals.

Representative elements.

We see a blue sky because a. air molecules absorb blue light b. air molecules reflect red light c. scattering of light by air molecules and dust is more efficient when its wavelength is longer d. scattering of light by air molecules and dust is more efficient when its wavelengths is shorter

Scattering of light by air molecules and dust is more efficient when its wavelengths is shorter.

Light in one plane is transmitted and light in all other planes is absorbed. This is a. selective absorption b. polarized absorption c. reflection d. scattering

Selective absorption.

Elements that have properties of both the metals and the nonmetals are a. semimetals. b. transition elements. c. semiconductors. d. noble gases.

Semiconductors.

A parallel circuit has a. Wires that are lined up side by side. b. The same current flowing through one resistance after another. c. Separate pathways for the current to flow through. d. None of the above.

Separate pathways for the current to flow through.

In which type of circuit would you expect a reduction of the available voltage as more and more resistances are added to the circuit? a. Series circuit b. Parallel circuit c. Open circuit d. None of the above

Series circuit.

A nonmetal atom combines with a second nonmetal atom. The first nonmetal atom a. Gains electrons b. Loses electrons c. Remains neutral d. Shares electrons with the second nonmetal atom

Shares electrons with the second nonmetal atom.

Which is not true of an ionic bond? It involves a. A transfer of electrons b. Sharing of electrons c. Electrostatic attraction between ions d. Metals and nonmetals

Sharing of electrons.

A glass prism separates sunlight into a spectrum of colors because a. shorter wavelengths are refracted the most b. light separates into colors when reflected from crystal glass c. light undergoes absorption in a prism d. there are three surfaces that reflect light

Shorter wavelengths are refracted the most.

An object is hot enough to emit a dull red glow. When this object is heated even more, it will emit a. shorter-wavelength, higher-frequency radiation b. longer-wavelength, lower-frequency radiation c. the same wavelengths as before with more energy d. more of the same wavelengths

Shorter-wavelength, higher-frequency radiation.

Which of the following is not considered to have strong magnetic properties? a. Iron b. Nickel c. Silver d. Cobalt

Silver.

The correct name for the compound NaNO3 is a. Sodium nitrogen trioxygen b. Sodium nitrate c. Sodium nitrite d. Sodium nitrogen trioxide

Sodium nitrate.

The existence of a tiny, massive, and positively charged nucleus was deduced from the observation that a. fast, massive, and positively charged radioactive particles all move straight through metal foil. b. radioactive particles were deflected by a magnetic field. c. some radioactive particles were deflected by metal foil. d. None of the above is correct.

Some radioactive particles were deflected by metal foil.

Thomson was convinced that he had discovered a subatomic particle, the electron, from the evidence that a. the charge-to-mass ratio was the same for all materials. b. cathode rays could move through a vacuum. c. electrons were attracted toward a negatively charged plate. d. the charge was always 1.60 x 10^- 19 coulomb

The charge-to-mass ratio was the same for all materials.

The major success of the Bohr theory was in explaining a. how electrons move in circular orbits. b. why radiationless orbits existed. c. the colors in the hydrogen line spectrum. d. why the angular momentum of the electron should be by orbit quantum numbers.

The colors in the hydrogen line spectrum.

The main problem with a solar system model of the atom is that a. electrons move in circular, not elliptical orbits. b. the electrons should lose energy since they are accelerating. c. opposite charges should attract one another. d. the mass ratio of the nucleus to the electrons is wrong.

The electrons should lose energy since they are accelerating.

A permanent magnet has magnetic properties because a. The magnetic fields of its electrons are balanced. b. Of an accumulation of monopoles in the ends. c. The magnetic domains are aligned. d. All of the above.

The magnetic domains are aligned.

What is the relationship between the energy released in burning materials produced by photosynthesis and the solar energy that was absorbed in making the materials? The energy released is a. Less than the solar energy absorbed b. The same as the solar energy absorbed c. More the solar energy absorbed d. Variable, having no relationship to the energy absorbed

The same as the solar energy absorbed.

Two different isotopes of the same element have a. the same number of protons, neutrons, and electrons. b. the same number of protons and neutrons but different numbers of electrons. c. the same number of protons and electrons but different numbers of neutrons. d. the same number of neutrons and electrons but different numbers of protons.

The same number of protons and electrons but different numbers of neutrons.

Millikan measured the charge on oil droplets and found that all the droplets had a. different charges. b. random charges, without any pattern. c. five groupings of different charges. d. the same or multiples of the same charge.

The same or multiples of the same charge.

The basis of the quantum mechanics theory of the atom is a. spin and quantum leaps of electron masses. b. elliptical orbits of electrons. c. how electron particles move in orbits. d. the wave nature of electrons.

The wave nature of electrons.

Hydrogen, with its one electron, can produce a line spectrum with four visible colors because a. an isotope of hydrogen has four electrons. b. electrons occur naturally with four different colors. c. there are multiple energy levels that an electron can occupy. d. electrons are easily scattered.

There are multiple energy levels that an electron can occupy.

The family or group number of the representative elements represents the a. Total number of electrons b. Total number of protons c. Total number of valence electrons d. Atomic number

Total number of valence electrons.

Electrostatic charge results from a. Transfer or redistribution of electrons. b. Gain or loss of protons. c. Separation of charge from electrons and protons. d. Failure to keep the object clean of dust.

Transfer of redistribution of electrons.

The polarization behavior of light is best explained by considering light to be a. longitudinal waves b.transverse waves c. particles d. particles with ends, or poles

Transverse waves.

An image that is not produced by light rays coming from the image but is the result of your brain's interpretations of light rays is called a (an) a. real image b. imagined image c. virtual image d. phony image

Virtual image.

The part of the electromagnetic spectrum that our eyes can detect is a. ultraviolet b. infrared c. visible d. all of the above

Visible.

The electrical potential difference between two points in a circuit is measured in units of a. volt. b. amp. c. coulomb. d. watt.

Volt.

A step-up transformer steps up the a. Voltage. b. Current. c. Power. d. Energy.

Voltage.

According to Ohm's law, what must be greater to maintain the same current in a conductor with more resistance? a. Voltage b. Current c. Temperature d. Cross-sectional area

Voltage.

Dihydrogen monoxide is the systematic name for a compound that has the common name of a. Laughing gas b. Water c. Smog d. Rocket fuel

Water.

Units of joules per second are a measure called a (an) a. volt. b. amp. c. ohm. d. watt.

Watt.

Earth's magnetic field is believed to originate a. By a separation of north and south monopoles due to currents within Earth. b. With electric currents that are somehow generated in Earth's core. c. From a giant iron and cobalt bar magnet inside Earth. d. Form processes that are not understood.

With electric currents that are somehow generated in Earth's core.

A kilowatt-hour is a unit of a. Power. b. Work. c. Current. d. Potential difference.

Work.

What type of electric current is produced by fuel cells and solar calls? a. ac b. dc c. 60 Hz d. 120 Hz

dc.

he existence of matter waves was proposed by a. Planck. b. Bohr. c. de Broglie. d. Einstein.

de Broglie.