Private - Chapter 6 - Weather

3422 - One of the most easily recognized discontinuities across a front is:

A- A change in temperature

3408 - What feature is associated with a temperature inversion?

A- A stable layer of air

3425 - Possible mountain wave turbulence could be anticipated when winds of 40 knots or greater blow:

A- Across a mountain ridge, and the air is stable

3412 - What are characteristics of a moist, unstable air mass?

A- Cumuliform clouds and showery precipitation

3400 - What are the processes by which moisture is added to unsaturated air?

A- Evaporation and sublimation

3432 - How does frost affect the lifting surfaces of an airplane on takeoff?

A- Frost may prevent the airplane from becoming airborne at normal takeoff speed

3206 - How will frost on the wings of an airplane affect takeoff performance?

A- Frost will disrupt the smooth flow of air over the ing, adversely affecting its lifting capability

3436 - What conditions are necessary for the formation of thunderstorms?

A- High humidity, lifting force, and unstable conditions

3452 - Which weather phenomenon is always associated with a thunderstorm?

A- Lightning

3438 - Thunderstorms reach their greatest intensity during the:

A- Mature stage

3406 - Moist, stable air flowing upslope can be expected to: -Develop convective turbulence

A- Produce stratus type clouds

3385 - Which weather conditions should be expected beneath a low-level temperature inversion layer when the relative humidity is high?

A- Smooth air, poor visibility, fog, haze, or low clouds

3439 - Thunderstorms which generally produce the most intense hazard to the aircraft are:

A- Squall line thunderstorms

3405 - What is a characteristic of stable air?

A- Stratiform clouds

3384 - The most frequent type of ground or surface-based temperature inversion is that which is produced by:

A- Terrestrial radiation on a clear, relatively still night

3413 - What are characteristics of unstable air?

A- Turbulence and good surface visibility

3382 - What causes variations in altimeter settings between weather reporting points?

A- Unequal heating of Earth's surface

3956 - During a cross-country flight you picked up rime icing which you estimate is 1/2" thick on the leading edge of the wings. You are now below the clouds at 2,000 feet AGL and are approaching your destination airport under VFR. Visibility under the clouds is more than 10 miles, winds at the destination airport are 8 knots right down the runway, and the surface temperature is 3 degrees C. You decide to:

A- Use a faster than normal approach and landing speed

3443 - What situation is most conductive to the formation of radiation fog?

A- Warm, moist air over low, flatland areas on clear, calm nights

3404 - What would decrease the stability of an air mass?

A- Warming from below

3399 - Clouds, fog, or dew will always form when:

A- Water vapor condenses

3423 - One weather phenomenon which will always occur when flying across a front is a change in the:

A- Wind direction

3410 - At approximately what altitude above the surface would the pilot expect the base of cumuliform clouds if the surface air temperature is 82 degrees F and the dew point is 38 degrees F?

B- 10,000 feet AGL

3415 - The suffix "nimbus," used in naming clouds, means:

B- A rain cloud

3403 - What measurement can be used to determine the stability of the atmosphere?

B- Actual lapse rate

3398 - The amount of water vapor which air can hold depends on the:

B- Air temperature

3445 - In which situation is advection fog most likely to form?

B- An air mass moving inland from the coast in winter

3434 - What feature is normally associated with the cumulous stage of a thunderstorm?

B- Continuous updraft

3419 - What clouds have the greatest turbulence?

B- Cumulonimbus

3437 - During the life cycle of a thunderstorm, which stage is characterized predominately by downdrafts?

B- Dissipating

3395 - The wind at 5,000 feet AGL is southwesterly while the surface is southerly. This difference in direction is primarily due to:

B- Friction between the wind and the surface

3416 - Clouds are divided into four families according to their:

B- Height range

3427 - When may hazardous wind shear be expected?

B- In areas of low-level temperature inversion, frontal zones, and clear air turbulence

3435 - Which weather phenomenon signals the beginning of the mature stage of a thunderstorm?

B- Precipitation beginning to fall

3440 - A non-frontal, narrow band of active thunderstorms that often develop ahead of a cold front is known as a:

B- Squall line

3418 - Crests of standing mountain waves may be stationary, lens-shaped clouds known as:

B- Standing lenticular clouds

3521 - The mature stage of a thunderstorm begins with:

B- The start of precipitation

3401 - Which conditions result in the formation of frost?

B- The temperature of the collecting surface is at or below the dew point of the adjacent air and the dew point is below freezing

3433 - The conditions necessary for the formation of cumulonimbus clouds are a lifting action and:

B- Unstable, most air

3441 - If there is thunderstorm activity in the vicinity of an airport at which you plan to land, which hazardous atmospheric phenomenon might be expected on the landing approach?

B- Wind-shear turbulence

3428 - A pilot can expect a wind-shear zone in a temperature inversion whenever the windspeed at 2,000 to 4,000 feet above the surface is at least:

C- 25 knots

3409 - What is the approximate base of the cumulous clouds if the surface air temperature at 1,000 feet MSL is 70 degree F and the dew point is 48 degrees F?

C- 6,000 feet MSL

3417 - An almond or lens-shaped cloud which appears more, but which may contain winds of 50 knots or more, is referred to as:

C- A lenticular cloud

3446 - What types of fog depend upon wind in order to exist?

C- Advection fog and upslope fog

3383 - A temperature inversion would most likely result in which weather condition?

C- An increase in temperature as altitude is increased

3426 - Where does wind shear occur?

C- At all altitudes, in all directions

3407 - If an unstable air mass is forced upward, what type clouds can be expected?

C- Clouds with considerable vertical development and associated air turbulence

3450 - Convective circulation patterns associated with sea breezes are causes by:

C- Cool, dense air moving inland from over the water

3444 - If the temperature/dewpoint spread is small and decreasing, and the temperature is 62 degrees F, what type of weather is most likely to develop?

C- Fog or low clouds

3430 - In which environment is aircraft structural ice most likely to have the highest accumulation rate?

C- Freezing rain

3431 - Why is frost considered hazardous to flight?

C- Frost spoils the smooth flow of air over the wings, thereby decreasing lifting capability

3381 - Every physical process of weather is accomplished by, or is the result of, a:

C- Heat exchange

3402 - The presence of ice pellets at the surface is evidence that there:

C- Is a temperature inversion with freezing rain at a higher altitude

3442 - Upon encountering severe turbulence, which flight condition should the pilot attempt to maintain?

C- Level flight attitude

3414 - A stable air mass is most likely to have which characteristic?

C- Poor surface visibility

3447 - Low-level turbulence can occur and icing can become hazardous in which type of fog?

C- Steam fog

3424 - Steady precipitation preceding a front is an indication of:

C- Stratiform clouds with little or no turbulence

3397 - What is meant by the term "dewpoint"?

C- The temperature to which air must be cooled to become saturated

3420 - What cloud types would indicate convective turbulence?

C- Towering Cumulous clouds

3429 - One in-flight condition necessary for structural icing to form is:

C- Visible moisture