Probability

probability

The chance that some event will occur.

simple event

An outcome or a collection of outcomes.

tree diagram

A diagram used to show the total number of possible outcomes in a probability experiment.

outcome

A possible result of a probability experiment.

fair

A two-player game is fair if each player has an equal chance of winning.

permutation

An arrangement, or listing, of objects in which order is important.

compound event

An event made up of two or more simple events.

simulation

An experiment that is designed to model the action in a given situation.

experimental probability

Based on relative frequency- what actually occurs during such an experiment.

theoretical probability

Based on uniform probability-what should happen when conducting a probability experiment.

uniform probability model

Each outcome has an equal probability of happening.

fundamental counting principle

If an event can happen in N ways, and another, independent event can happen in M ways, then both events together can happen in N x M ways.

random

Outcomes occur at random if each outcome is equally likely to occur.

dependent events

The outcome of one event does affect the outcome of the second event.

independent events

The outcome of one event does not affect the outcome of the second event.

sample space

The set of all possible outcomes in a probability experiment.

unfair

There is no equal chance of each player winning.

complementary events

Two events in which either one or the other must take place, but they cannot both happen at the same time.

relative frequency

the ratio of the number of experimental successes to the number of experimental attempts.