Problem areas
Which of the following is a recommended procedure for administering a 1-RM strength test?
Conduct a familiarization period of 3-4 practice sessions.
Target exercise intensity for clients with cardiovascular disease should fall ________ below a heart rate that has previously elicited abnormal clinical symptoms.
10 to 15 bpm
USDA dietary guidelines recommend that daily sodium intake for diabetics, hypertensives, African Americans, individuals with chronic kidney disease, or persons age 51 and older should be no more than:
1,500 mg
Which of the following fasting blood glucose levels are indicative of prediabetes?
124 mg/dL
Which of the following assessments is contraindicated for an unconditioned client?
1.5 mile walk test
Using the heart rate reserve method, what is the target heart rate range for a moderately trained, 35-year-old male client with a resting heart rate of 65?
149 to 161 bpm 70-80% =moderate
You are working with a client who weighs 180 lbs with a body fat percentage of 20%. What will his approximate weight be when he reaches his goal of 15% body fat, assuming that his lean body mass remains constant?
169 lbs
Muscle and bone strengthening activities for children and adolescents should be performed how many times per week?
3
How many sets per exercise should a client perform for advanced resistance training benefits?
3 to 6
Fat intake should be no more than ________ of total daily calories.
30%
Dietary cholesterol should be limited to no more than ________ per day, based on USDA dietary guidelines.
300 mg
How many repetitions per exercise should be performed for enhanced muscular strength?
8 to 12
What is the ideal repetition range for an apparently healthy adult who wants to gain muscle hypertrophy?
8 to 12
Where does gas exchange occur in the respiratory system?
Alveoli
An exercise test is recommended prior to exercise training but a physician is not available to supervise the test. Who among the following would also supervise an exercise test?
An allied health care professional certified in ACLS
Hormones that cause new protein production are referred to as ________, while those that influence protein breakdown are ________.
Anabolic; catabolic
Compared to nonathletes, the protein requirement for physically active people is:
Approximately double
Which of the following is the correct transition of blood flow throughout the vasculature? capillaries, arteries, arterioles, veins, venules
Arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins
When using variable-resistance devices, what are the three types of strength curves?
Ascending, descending, and bell-shaped
Which skill-related activity is essential in minimizing the risk of developing osteoporosis?
Balance
The anaerobic system uses which of the following as its primary source for producing ATP?
Carbohydrates
One of the main reasons skipping meals negatively impacts body fat levels is:
Changes in blood sugar levels impact insulin production, increasing fat stores.
Increased mitochondrial density is a result of:
Chronic cardiorespiratory activity.
The BEST cardiovascular training routine for someone with diabetes is:
Daily for 20 to 60 minutes.
For high school and college athletes, preparticipation screening primarily functions to:
Detect potential cardiac issues.
Which of the following is a sign or symptom suggestive of cardiovascular disease?
Discomfort in the neck and jaw after carrying a heavy suitcase for a several minutes
Types of equipment used for dynamic constant external resistance include:
Dumbbells and kettlebells.
Abdominal bracing involves:
Engaging the stabilizers such as the transverse abdominis and multifidus.
Before any health and fitness assessment is administered, the MOST important first course of action is to:
Explain and demonstrate each assessment before the client is tested.
Overcoming a shoulder impingement can be done by strengthening and improving the function of the ________, and stretching the ________.
External shoulder rotators; internal shoulder rotators
Ischemia is caused by:
Lack of oxygen
Proper hydration during exercise ensures:
Improved cardiac output
Which of the following muscle actions controls the movement and maintains a constant speed throughout the range of motion?
Isokinetic
Which law of motion states that an object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion stays in motion?
Law of inertia
A muscle that produces a low force and has a high contractile rate is classified as a __________ muscle.
Longitudinal
Per the latest ACSM position stand, the MINIMUM threshold of frequency for aerobic exercise is:
Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, 5 days per week.
To manipulate the intensity and increase the challenge of balance-related training, you should:
Narrow the base of support
The upper respiratory tract consists of ________.
Nasal cavity, nose, and pharynx
To reduce body weight, which of the following is the MOST important determinant?
Negative energy balance
An informal way to continually reevaluate the health status of clients would be:
Observation
What is the MOST important consideration when prescribing a target heart rate range for a sedentary older adult?
Older adults have a lower overall exercise capacity.
________ of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems is required to produce beneficial adaptations in cardiorespiratory endurance.
Overload
Which energy system is primarily responsible for resynthesizing ATP during submaximal exercise lasting longer than 3 minutes?
Oxidative phosphorylation
VO2 is lower than required to create adequate energy during exercise via the oxidative energy systems. This is known as:
Oxygen deficit
Which muscles are prime movers for eversion of the ankle joint?
Peroneus longus and brevis
Which of the following is a self-guided screening questionnaire that focuses on symptoms of heart disease and possible musculoskeletal problems needing evaluation before beginning an exercise program?
Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q+)
Which of the following BEST describes the mechanism for the cause of sudden cardiac death?
Plaque buildup that dislodges from an artery and causes a blood clot
The gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantaris are located in which lower leg area?
Posterior tibial compartment
Impaired glucose tolerance is consistent with which of the following?
Prediabetes
The five stages of change in the transtheoretical model include precontemplation, contemplation, maintenance, action, and:
Preparation
Which of the following is the MOST important rationale for a cool-down phase?
Prevents blood pooling in the extremities
What is an endurance exercise training adaptation that benefits those with coronary artery disease?
Provides relief of symptoms
The frequency of breathing multiplied by the volume of air moved per breath, per minute, is known as:
Pulmonary ventilation.
When oxygen is not available in the mitochondria of the cell, _______ is converted to __________.
Pyruvate, lactic acid
During the concentric phase of extension at the knee joint, the ________ work as an agonist and the ________ work as the antagonist.
Quadriceps, Hamstrings
When performing pulse palpation during and after exercise, the BEST location to utilize is the:
Radial pulse
If difficulties are encountered in calculating a percentage VO2max for prescribing exercise intensity in cases of cardiac disease, the EP-C should instead consider:
Rating of perceived exertion.
Which of the following is an acute response to exercise?
Reduced blood flow to the gut
Which of the following best summarizes the effect of regular exercise on dyslipidemia?
Regular exercise can increase HDL-C levels.
Where does blood flow immediately after passing through the tricuspid valve?
Right ventricle
At submaximal workloads, which training effects from regular exercise are typically seen in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure?
SBP, DBP, and MAP are decreased slightly
A myofibril consists of many _____ and groups of these make up a single _________.
Sarcomeres; muscle fiber
Which of the following is a symptom suggestive of pulmonary disease?
Shortness of breath after quickly crossing the street in a residential area
Exercise should be terminated when a pregnant women shows which of the following signs or symptoms?
Shortness of breath prior to exertion
What is the primary role of the rotator cuff muscles at the shoulder joint?
Stabilize the humerus during motion
Which rotator cuff muscle internally rotates the shoulder joint?
Subscapularis
In the _____ circulation, the arteries and arterioles carry ______ blood.
Systemic, oxygenated
During initial client contact, the EP-C should provide a service introduction packet that contains a health history evaluation, medical clearance form (if needed), informed consent, and:
The Client-Certified Exercise Physiologist Agreement.
The Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire-Plus is more effective in identifying:
Those at high risk
Which of the following activities requires the CP system to be utilized?
The long jump
Which of the following is a primary disadvantage of utilizing field tests to predict VO2max?
They are dependent on client effort.
During graded exercise, which of the following occurs due to large muscle vasodilation?
Total peripheral resistance may drop slightly.
Which of the following is a local stabilizer of the core musculature?
Transverse abdominis
The most common dietary fats are:
Triglycerides
The easiest way to tell if you are dehydrated is:
Urine color
If taken in high amounts, which of the following vitamins is the MOST toxic, possibly leading to cardiovascular and renal damage and high blood calcium?
Vitamin D Vitamins B and C are water soluble, and vitamin K is involved in blood clotting. Vitamin D is the most toxic of the vitamins.
Which of the following assessments BEST determines body fat distribution?
Waist-to-hip ratio
Which of the following is the MOST powerful method of marketing to potential clients?
Word of mouth
What refers to oxygen consumption in relative terms?
ml · kg · min
