problem solving

In solving a problem, participants seem to develop a certain attitude or perspective,

Einstellung

People often compare experts to novices. Which of the following claims about this comparison is NOT true?

Experts tend to be more-skilled problem solvers in general, so they have an advantage even with unfamiliar problems.

In many studies, participants fail to use analogies as an aid to problem solving. Of the following, which is the MOST plausible explanation of this fact?

Participants search their memories based on the surface structure of the problem and thus fail to think of many useful analogies.

Participants approach a problem with certain assumptions about how the problem should be

a problem-solving set

A problem-solving heuristic is:

a strategy that guides a search through the problem space.

In order to solve a problem, people make use of operators. These are:

actions or tools used to help change a person's current state in relation to the problem.

One way to turn an ill-defined question into a well-defined question is to:

add extra constraints or assumptions to the problem so that it has more structure.

Herbert solved the "tumor" problem by using an analogy with the "general

mapping

All of the states one can reach in solving a problem together make up the:

problem space