Properties of Gases and Equations
How are the pressure and volume of a gas related at constant temperature?
If the temperature is constant, the volume and pressure increase proportionally
How can you tell relations between the three factors with each law?
Inversion proportions are direct multiplies, while directly proportional relationships have divisors.
What is Gay-Lussac's Law?
P1 / T1 = P2 / T; This law states that the pressure of a given amount of gas held at constant volume is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature.
What is Boyle's Law?
P1V1 = P2V2 or PV=C; This law states that the volume of a given amount of gas held at constant temperature varies inversely with the applied pressure when the temperature and mass are constant.
What is the Combined Gas Law?
PV/T=K ; This law is a combination of Boyle's, Charles', and Gay-Lussac's as a coherent singular formula. P stands for pressure, V for volume, T for temperature, and K for Kelvin (Constant).
What is compressibility?
The measure of how much volume of matter decreases under pressure.
How does decrease in temperature effect the pressure of a contained gas?
The two vary cooperatively; as temperature decreases, so does pressure.
What is Charles' Law?
V1 / T1 = V2 / T; This law states that the volume of a given amount of gas held at constant pressure is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature.
Why is gas easy to compress?
Gases are easily compressed due to the extreme open spaces between their loose particles.
Why does collision with an airbag cause less damage than a collision with a steering wheel?
Gases have wider spread particles, making the compressed gas softer compared to a solid like a steering wheel. Air bags also have a larger surface area to combat the vast force cause by a collision.
A given mass of air has a volume of 6.00 L at 101 kPa. What volume will it occupy at 25 kPa if the temperature does not change.
1.485 L. This is found by finding the rate of change in kPa values and dividing volume by rate.
What is the relationship between temperature and pressure of a contained gas at constant volume?
As the temperature of an enclosed gas increases, the pressure increases in proportion.
If pressure is constant, how does a change in temperature effects the volume of a gas?
As the temperature of an enclosed gas increases, the volume increases if pressure is constant.
What three factors effect gas pressure?
Volume, Temperature, and Quantity.
In what situations is the combined gas law useful?
When only the amount of gas is constant, the combined gas law describes the relationship of all unknown factors. This is often used in weather balloons to route their paths and to calibrate their delicate instruments.