PSC 1113 Final: Tests

When a public official leaves to work for a private interest group, what is this called?

Revolving Door

Which of the following did NOT contribute to the failure of the Articles of Confederation to govern this newly independent country?

NOT: No ability of the federal government to regulate commerce and coin money

According to British political philosopher John Locke, life, liberty, and property are what kind of rights?

Natural

Separation of powers divides power within the federal government among the three branches of government.

True

Anti-Federalists were most likely to

Favor rule by the common man, Be small farmers, shopkeepers, and laborers, Favor strong state governments, Favor shorter terms for office-holders (All of the above)

Which of these early amendments to the Constitution guarantees the government will provide just compensation for private property that it takes?

Fifth Amendment

A political organization spends thousands of dollars in advertising to encourage Latinos not to vote in the next election. This action is protected by the

First Amendment

Which Amendment protects the freedom of the press?

First Amendment

In which case did the Supreme Court first declare that there was a right to privacy in sexual decisions and in health matters as discussed with and treated by your physician?

Griswold v. Connecticut

What three (3) things impact whether people participate?

Time, Money, and Knowledge

True or False: Madison's fear of the power of the property-owning minority led to his support of a strong national government, as covered in Federalist #10 and #51.

False

*Nearly three-fourths of which group of people vote in elections?

College-educated

Lobbying is protected under which Amendment?

First

What has the biggest impact on your political socialization?

Family

Which clause makes the Constitution more powerful than state law?

Supremacy Clause

What was the main reason for the passing of the 26th Amendment in 1971, which lowered the voting age from 21 to 18?

18-year-olds were being sent off to fight, but they did not have the right to participate in elections.

NCAA v. Alston did what?

Allowed college athletes to make money off endorsements

_________ are limitations on government action, setting forth what the government cannot do.

Civil Liberties

The Republican Party is more likely to have people with ___________ ideology

Conservative

In the United States, educational opportunity is linked to:

Economic opportunity

Protestors burn the American flag on the steps of the Capitol Building on a 4th of July celebration. Which right is being exercised by this action?

Freedom of Speech

What is NOT one of the powers granted to the national government under the Constitution?

Issuing professional licensing

For published material to be considered obscene, it must fail which test?

Miller Test

Political polarization means that an individual's stance on an issue or policy is:

Strictly defined by the person's political party or ideology, and the two parties are opposed on that issue.

What test does the Supreme Court commonly use to determine whether a particular limitation of a constitutional right is acceptable?

The compelling interest test

Federalists favored

Indirect elections

What is strict scrutiny?

A form of judicial review that courts use to determine the constitutionality of certain laws that on their face raise problematic suggestions of potential abuse or discriminatory intent.

What are the differences between a unitary, confederate, and federal form of government?

A unitary system has a strong central government, a confederate system is where the states grant limited powers to the national government, and in a federal system, the state and national governments derive their power from the people.

What privileges, enforced by government, are centered around the concept of equality under the law, the most important of which is the right to vote?

Civil Rights

Why did the Civic World disappear?

Elites retreated from civic society., Baby Boomers were "too cool" for civic organizations. (All of these are correct.) Checkbook advocacy began

What is the best definition of cooperative federalism?

Cooperative federalism, often likened to a marble cake, is a view of federalism where local, state, and national governments work together to make effective policy instead of maintaining strict separate areas of authority.

Which scenario most likely represents a gateway to democracy?

Efforts to increase turnout in elections

What are some strategies to increase voter participation?

Expand Mail-In Voting National Voting Holiday Automatic Registration (All are correct)

In the 1967 case Loving v. Virginia, the Supreme Court declared that under the Constitution "the freedom to marry, or not marry, a person of another race resides with the individual, and cannot be infringed by the State." Which amendment is violated when a state like Virginia denies people the freedom to marry on the basis of racial classifications?

Fourteenth Amendment

Which of the following are rights guaranteed by the First Amendment?

Freedom of the press and speech (All of the above are guaranteed) That the government will not establish a religion or stop the free exercise of religion, The right to petition and peaceably assemble

What did "happiness" mean in 1776?

Fulfillment

Which of the following are part of the steps to a non-violent campaign as discussed by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.?

Gathering the Facts, Negotiation, (All of these are correct) Direct Action, Self-Purification

The Great Depression (1929-1933) caused many Americans to shift from Republicans to Democrats in the 1930s. This historical event reflects that ____ drive public opinion.

Generational effects

Who introduced probability sampling?

George Gallup

What is prior restraint?

Government censorship on speech BEFORE it occurs

Which 1966 Supreme Court decision protected the rights of individuals in custody and mandated that police inform them of their rights?

Miranda v. Arizona

Facebook's Meaningful Social Interactions prioritize what?

Interaction between family and friends

What was the purpose of Thomas Paine's Common Sense, the most widely distributed pamphlet of its time?

It called for independence from Britain

What types of limits has the Supreme Court placed on speech and press?

Limits on Libel, slander, and enticement

*What are the three (3) different ways to think of political parties?

Party in the Electorate, Party in Government, and Party Organization

The Big Sort happened because people moved to

Places that aligned with their cultural preferences

The Lemon test, from the Supreme Court case Lemon v. Kurtzman,

Requires that laws and acts of government have a secular purpose

A political system in which lawmakers, executives, and justices as well as the rest of its citizens are viewed as equal and subject to the same laws is said to have:

Rule of Law

One way interest groups attract and keep members (and mitigate free riders) is by providing benefits exclusive to members, such as discounted travel. This is known as

Selective Benefits

The number of electoral votes a state receives corresponds exactly to what?

The number of senators and members of the House of Representatives for the state

Which of the following can raise and give an unlimited amount of money directly to political candidates?

Super PACs

Which statement describes the relationship between income and voting?

The higher one's income, the more likely one is to vote.

The three biggest blocks to equality for African Americans post-World War II was state-sponsored segregation of public facilities, prohibitions on the right to vote, and

The right of private business to not serve people on the basis of race.

Theda Skocpol argues that the the move from membership in large civic organizations to checkbook democracy created a disconnect between

The successful and the rest of society

The Facebook Files Revealed

There is A Secret Elite That's Exempt From Rules, Facebook Coveted Young Users, Despite Health Concerns, Not Able To Effectively Police Anti-vaccine Misinformation (All of the above)

Which of the following is true about public opinion polls?

They are the most commonly used method for understanding public opinion.

Known as the Civil War Amendments, which three amendments addressed issues related to former slaves, due process rights, and voting rights?

Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments

The State of Oklahoma's political culture is classified as:

Traditionalistic: government is bad, only certain elites have a role in participation

Which economic interest group aims to protect workers through safer working conditions?

Unions

Which states took the lead in granting women the right to vote prior to the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment?

Western States

The United States of America is __________________________.

a democratic nation, but not among the most free

Which of the following is a good way to know if a poll is trustworthy?

all of the above are correct.

The two types of lobbying are

direct and indirect

People who affiliate with the Democratic Party are more likely to believe that

government should help the poor.

A group of citizens with a common interest who try to influence public policy to benefit its members is called a(n)

interest group

Social Capital

is important to democracy. (All of these are correct) builds trust in society. includes norms of reciprocity.

How does the average rate of voter turnout in the U.S. compare to that of other democracies?

it is lower

Mediating Institutions, such as the media, elections, and interest groups, are important because they

link people to the government.

A long-term shift in voter allegiance from one party to the other by a segment of the population is called a

party realignment