PSCI 21 TEST 2
What is our current deadline to return humans to the surface of the Moon?
December 31, 2024
Which of Galileo's discoveries showed that the universe can have more than one center?
Discoveries about the Moon, Jupiter's moons, Venus, and sunspots supported the idea that the Sun - not the Earth - was the center of the Universe.
A parsec is
a unit of length equal to 3.26 ly
On the H-R diagram, where would we find the most luminous stars?
across the top, regardless of placement along the horizontal axis
On the main sequence, stars obtain their energy
by converting hydrogen to helium using the proton-proton chain
The emission spectrum produced by hydrogen is
composed of re line, an aqua line, a blue line, and a couple of violet lines
On the H-R diagrams, where would we find the hottest stars?
far left, regardless of placement along the vertical axis
On the H-R diagram, where would we find stars that are hot but faint?
lower left
On a typical H-R diagram, 90% of the stars are
main sequence stars
Which type pf stars would be plotted in the area labeled "C" on the H-R diagram shown on the Formula Sheet at the end of the test
main sequence stars
Where (approximately) on the H-R diagram would we find the Sun?
middle
Which type of stars would be plotted in the area labeled "B" on the H-R diagram shown on the Formula Sheet at the end of the test?
red giants
Which type pf stars would be plotted in the area labeled "A" on the H-R diagram shown on the Formula Sheet at the end of the test?
supergiants
On the H-R diagram, how would the horizontal axis be labeled?
surface temperature
The stars in which spectral class have absorption bands from Molecules Tio
M
Who originated the system of spectral classification?
Annie J. Cannon
Which President challenged the united States to send a man to the Moon by 1970?
John F. Kennedy
Which company has successfully recovered then re-used an orbital booster rocket?
SpaceX
Who said, "That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind"
Neil Armstrong
How far does the moon fall in one second
1/20 of an inch
One step on the magnitude scale corresponds to a change in brightness by factor of about
100 times
How many Americans walked on the Moon?
12
The sun has an apparent magnitude of -26.5 and the Full Moon has an apparent magnitude of -12.5. Find the ratio of their apparent brightness, bsun/bmoon.
398,000
The stars in which spectral class have very strong hydrogen
A
Which two orbits were destroyed in accidents?
Challenger and Columbia
The human space flight program canceled in 2010 was called
Constellation
Which of Galileo's discoveries showed that the moon & Earth may be similar?
Galileo discovered that the moon's surface resembled that of a "ghostly Earth" and that the surface of the moon had valleys and mountains. Earth is not unique; the closest heavenly body is not perfectly smooth as Aristotle and his followers believed.
Order of 1616
Galileo is to never again "hold, teach, or defend the Copernican system."
Galileo's law of falling bodies
Galileo reached the conclusion that bodies fall on the surface of the earth at a constant acceleration, and that the force of gravity which causes all bodies to move downward is a constant force. Absence of air, all things fall at the same rate.
Who said, "Let's get this mother out of here!" He was also the last man in the moon
Gene Cernan
What important contribution was made by John Houbalt?
He fought for the Lunar Orbit Rendezvous Mission plan
What important contribution was made by George Meuller?
He ordered ALL-UP testing for the Saturn V.
Where does Kepler's Third Law come from?
It comes from Galileo's law of falling bodies
How would the Sun appear from a distance of 10 parsecs?
It would look like a faint star in the handle of the Little Dipper
What event in 2003 caused NASA to re-evaluate its plans?
Loss of Columbia
On the H-R diagram, how would the vertical axis is labeled?
Luminosity in solar units
Which mission plan was chosen for Apollo?
Lunar Orbit Rendezvous
How do our astronauts currently get to and from the International Space Station?
Russian Soyuz
Galileo's Telescopic Discoveries
Moon's details; Faint stars of the Milky Way; 4 Moons of Jupiter; Phases of Venus; Sunspots; the sun rotates.
Who developed the Law of Universal Graviation?
Newton
The stars in which spectral class have lines due to Ionized Helium?
O
Assuming that each of the following stars is on the main sequence, which has the greatest luminosity?
O-type star
which of the following correctly lists the order of stellar spectral classifications?
OBAFGKM
Which of Galileo's telescopic discoveries proved that the Ptolemaic system?
Phases of Venus
Which president telephoned the crew if Apollo 11 when they were on the moon?
President Richard Nixon
What did cardinal Bellermine tell Galileo about the copernican system before 1616?
That the Copernican system is an unproven hypothesis
What part of the Dialogues especially upset Pope Urban VIII?
The character Simplicio who represented the Ptolemists; basically said they were stupid.
What event in 1957 prompted the formation of NASA?
The launch of the satellite, Sputnik, by the Russians
If a star's absolute and apparent magnitudes are the same, which of the following statements is true
The star is 10 parsecs away
Which of Galileo's discoveries showed that the ptolemaic system is incorrect?
The sunspots; they showed that the sun was not perfect and that the Sun rotates (Copernicus was right).
Which discovery made by Galileo showed that the Universe can have more than one center?
the moons of Jupiter
What type of star is the Sun?
type, main sequence
Which type pf stars would be plotted in the area labeled "D" on the H-R diagram shown on the Formula Sheet at the end of the test
white dwarfs