PSY 100 LC 10, 11, and 12

Hussein is concerned because he cannot remember events before he was about 4 years old. What is the MOST likely cause for this infantile amnesia?

His hippocampus was not developed enough

How might adolescents' tendency to engage in risky behaviors such as drag racing and experimental drug use reflect brain development phenomena?

The frontal lobe matures slowly, impeding adolescents' ability to weigh potential consequences

Laurent is 16 years old and is trying different clothes and hairstyles. His father is confused and sometimes shocked by his son's pairing of shirts and pants, the earrings, chains, and hair colors. His mother, on the other hand, just laughs. According to Erik Erikson, Laurent is in the stage of development called identity versus _____

role confusion

Vygotsky used the term _____ to refer to a framework offering children temporary support as they develop higher levels of thinking

scaffold

Neurochemically, a slow _____ response has been found in abused children who became aggressive teens and adults

serotonin

Juan Carlos' son was just arrested for setting the school's outdoor shed on fire. Juan Carlos and his wife admitted to the police that their son has always had an aggressive streak. This example represents the _____side of the _____ developmental issue

stability; stability and change

Five-year-old Lilah is beginning to show signs of being able to plan ahead in a somewhat rational manner. At her age, this development is likely due to neural networks sprouting in her _____ lobe

frontal

Candice tosses a newly purchased felt mouse across the floor; her cat chases it excitedly, clutches it in its paws, and rolls around with it. Several tosses later, her cat yawns pointedly and settles itself for a nap. The change in the cat's behavior BEST illustrates what?

habituation

Julia was born in France. For the first three years of her life, she spoke both French and English. Then she moved to the United States. From age 3 on, she only spoke English. Now, as a high school student, Julia will study French. It is MOST likely that she will

have less difficulty with the French accent

At 19, Celia is beginning to plan for her future. She no longer lives for the moment. She wants to become a doctor, so she knows she has to buckle down in school. What is MOST likely happening to Celia?

her frontal lobes are growing

The process of developing a sense of _____ during adolescence was highlighted by Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory

identity

Dr. Towne believes that genetics is primarily responsible for personality traits. Dr. West believes that experiences are primarily responsible for personality traits. The two psychologists are on different sides of the _____ debate

nature and nurture

Reflecting a use-it-or-lose it approach, unused synaptic connections are eliminated during infancy and childhood in a process called what?

pruning

When an infant gazes more intently at a new stimulus, researchers conclude that the infant recognizes that stimulus as different. It follows that the infant has

remembered the original stimulus, making the new stimulus seem different

A local high school is running an experiment with a colony of infant rats. Half of the infant rats are isolated in barren cages and the other half live together in an enriched environment with lots of rat toys and exercise equipment. What would the expected outcome be at the end of the school year?

The rats in the enriched environment will have a significantly heavier and thicker cerebral cortex

Hailey's parents demand her strict obedience; back talk is not tolerated. Isabella's parents are firm as well, but are more likely to reason with her and explain the consequences of her behavior. In Baumrind's terms, Hailey's parents are _____; Isabella's are _____.

authoritarian; authoritative

Deficient social interaction and an impaired understanding of another person's state of mind are most characteristic of _____ disorder

autism spectrum

Marquis is the son of a teenage mother. She could not handle taking care of him and put him up for adoption when he was 4 weeks old. Marquis was placed in a foster home where he was abused. He was never adopted. It is MOST likely that Marquis will

become an abusive parent with aggressive tendencies

During the _____ stage of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, children begin to think logically about events, grasp analogies, and perform arithmetical operations

concrete operational

Five-year-old Otto complained to his mom that the pizza was not big enough. Otto's mom cut the pizza into smaller slices, thus making Otto happy, because he believed the pizza had become larger. Otto lacks the concept of

conservation

Mark thinks that language development over the life span requires a slow but steady shaping process. His belief is MOST directly relevant to the issue of what?

continuity and stages

Even though all her friends tried marijuana and cocaine in the 1980s, Monica refused to experiment with drugs because it is against the law. Based on Kohlberg's theory, Monica's reasons for refusing drugs reflect _____moral reasoning

conventional

Marjorie has just completed an introductory course in psychology at a local community college. She would like to take another psychology course next semester. The college offers courses in developmental psychology, social psychology, personality psychology, and industrial-organizational psychology. Marjorie is especially interested in change and growth across the life span. Based on this information, Marjorie should consider the course in _____ psychology

developmental

Compared to a century ago, menarche now occurs _____ in life and adult independence begins _____ in life

earlier; later

At the beginning of the third week after conception, the developing fertilized egg is called a(n)

embryo

It is now six weeks since Jennifer conceived. At this point, the human organism she is carrying is called a(n) _____; at the third month it will be called a(n) _____

embryo; fetus

Children of supportive parents have higher self-esteem than do children of rejecting parents. This finding affirms the role of _____ in development

experience

The likelihood that a child will be diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder is much higher when the child's _____ is _____ when the child is conceived

father; middle aged

During adolescence, brain development proceeds relatively slowly in the _____ lobe, a region involved in self-regulation

frontal

The conclusion of many researchers regarding the stability versus change developmental issue is that

while some characteristics are stable, both stability and change are part of development