Psy 101 Ch 10
When a door-to-door salesperson gets you to buy a product after you first agree to use a sample, you have responded to the __________________ strategy.
foot-in-the-door
According to Darley and Latane, the five steps involved in helping a person in need are:
notice, interpret, determine responsibility, decide how, implement
When Martina swims laps by herself, she swims a 50 meter sprint in 31 seconds. When she swims in a race with other people, Martina can usually swim the same distance in only 30 seconds. Martina's performance illustrates
social facilitation.
Cognitive dissonance is most accurately described as stemming from ____.
inconsistencies among attitudes or between attitudes and behavior
The two reasons given in the textbook for why we conform to group norms are ____.
informational and normative conformity
The study of attribution is concerned with the ____.
process of assigning cause to behavior
A stereotype is a ____.
set of beliefs and information about a group of people
What term refers to the idea that the more people are present when an accident occurs, the less likely people will be to help?
the bystander effect
We commit the fundamental attribution error when ____.
we discount situational explanations for behavior and rely more on trait explanations
Winnie recently discovered that her favorite recording artist supports a political party that she dislikes very much. According to dissonance theory, how might this news affect Winnie's attitudes?
She will start liking the recording artist less.
Imagine 100 individuals are asked to take part in a replication of Milgram's famous study on obedience. How are these 100 people likely to respond?
The majority would administer 450 volts as instructed.
In which of the following situations would the audience most likely trust the communicator?
a car salesperson telling you about the pros and cons of the newest models
Stereotype threat occurs when
a person's behavior confirms a stereotype when the person is aware of the stereotype.
Which of the following would most likely create a state of cognitive dissonance as defined by social psychologists?
believing that "honesty is the best policy," but cheating on a test
Which of the following is not an attitude(feelings towards something)?
believing that El Salvador is in Central America
The cognitive neoassociation theory of aggression proposes that guns
can influence aggressive thoughts because of their association with fear and anger in our memories.
Raul dislikes jalapeno peppers because every time he eats them, he has acid reflux. Consequently, he does not eat them anymore. Raul's avoidance of jalapenos is most likely due to
operant conditioning.
A bank loan officer thinks people who speak with an accent are lazy; consequently, he refuses to grant them loans. The loan officer's belief is an example of _____ . His refusal to grant them loans is an example of _____.
prejudice; discrimination
A college instructor's schedule has her teaching an honors section of psychology. Halfway through the semester, she is told that her class was NOT an honors section after all. She responds, "This is the best class I have ever taught and the grades prove it." What concept might a psychologist use to explain the grades this class earned and the teacher's high opinion of the class?
self-fulfilling prophecy
Shane is playing tug of war with a group. He is not pulling on the rope nearly as hard as he did when he played the same game as an individual against another individual. Shane's effort illustrates
social loafing.
Milgram's obedience studies illustrate that ____.
a majority of people in many different parts of the Western world will be obedient to an authority figure who requests unethical actions
A prejudice differs from a stereotype in that it includes ____.
a negative emotional reaction
Discrimination is a ____.
behavioral expression of prejudice
In Zimbardo's mock prison study, ____.
guards became abusive and prisoners became docile