PSY 101; Module 4: Thinking and Intelligence.
The first intelligence test, aimed to identify children who might struggle in school, was designed by
Alfred Binet.
Tasks that require you to compare, contrast, or evaluate are using the ________ intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence.
Analytical.
What is true of gossip and story-telling?
As a story is retold, the stereotypical information is likely to be retained.
Which of the following is a description of the Remote Associates Test (RAT)?
Participants are asked to come up with a word that is related to three seemingly unrelated words.
Madison needs to wrap a present but doesn't have any wrapping paper. She quickly searches the apartment and finds a brown grocery bag to use instead. This is an example of
Divergent thinking
Tyler is learning to read and write but having a difficult time. He sometimes switches up the letters and words in the sentences and almost always writes his name backwards. Which learning disability does he have?
Dyslexia.
Researchers ________ concluded that language determines thoughts.
Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf
As people age, they hold on to their accumulated knowledge and memories and tend to increase in emotional intelligence. There is typically a decline, however, in their ability to see complex relationships and solve problems. This is a decline in ________ intelligence.
Fluid.
The ________ shows that each generation tends to have a higher IQ than the last generation.
Flynn Effect.
A(an) ________ is the best example, or representation, of a concept.
Prototype
About 2% of the population have
IQs above 130.
Which of the following statements about algorithms is false?
Working backwards is an example of an algorithm.
Demarco was good at every sport growing up, but decided to focus on just baseball and the discus once he got to college. What area of intelligence does he exemplify?
bodily kinesthetic.
Jaxon sat down next to Harvey on the bus and immediately asked, "did you see Harper's stats last night?" Because they share ________, Jaxon didn't need to explain that he was talking about the baseball game.
common ground.
Looking for evidence to back up the way you already feel about something is an example of
confirmation bias.
Walter struggles to write legibly and has a difficult time putting his thoughts on paper. Which learning disability does he have?
dysgraphia.
Comparing which cell phone to buy and contrasting the different contracts that come with each purchase in an example of using ________ intelligence.
analytical.
Officially, insects are a class of invertebrates with a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes and one pair of antennae. This description is a
artificial concept.
Cedric tells a new acquaintance that he is "from Chicago" even though he is really from a suburb close to the city. After his vague introduction, Cedric learns that his new acquaintance is also from the Chicago area, so Cedric corrects himself by saying the precise town and neighborhood in which he lives. This is called
audience design.
Because Jackie has seen so many documentaries about shark attacks, she is afraid to swim in the ocean. Chris tries to convince her that she's overreacting because more people actually die from bee stings than shark bites. Jackie's belief is an example of the
availability heuristic.
Hwan is extremely afraid of flying but is looking forward to a Spring Break trip to the coast with his friends. He decides that driving would be safer, so he convinces his roommate to cancel his flight to join him in the car. He is making this decision based on a/an
availability heuristic.
A bell curve relies on a ________ sample.
large
Kyle from Mississippi asks Brandon from Boston if he wants a "coke," and Brandon says, "No thanks, I'll have a Sprite instead," even though Sprite cans were the only drinks Kyle had to offer. Brandon didn't understand that Kyle refers to all sodas and soft drinks as cokes. This is due to differences in
lexicon
The words we use are called
lexicon.
The fact that Chinese speakers may be more likely to think about time on a vertical or a horizontal plane is an example of
linguistic determinism.
Chinese speakers
may be more prone to think of time on a vertical or horizontal plane.
Aram is proficient in playing a number of instruments and can easily learn new songs and rhythms. This exemplifies ________ intelligence.
musical.
Which of the following sequences demonstrates the correct order of the components of language from the smallest component to the broadest?
phoneme, morpheme, syntax.
What did the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart suggest about intelligence? The findings from this study ________.
revealed a genetic component to intelligence.
Rylee has moved to a new city and is visiting the doctor for the first time. Even though she's never been before, she goes to the check-in counter first and then waits patiently in the waiting room chairs. She does this because
she already has a concept for doctors offices and automatically applies that to the new office.
Mikel can look at an engineering plan and quickly build a scale model. This exemplifies ________ intelligence.
spatial
Destiny is excellent at working with shapes and models. Her dream job is to design for Lego one day. This exemplifies ________ intelligence.
spatial.
Amira came to the United States for college. She has near perfect English, but her roommates tease her when she accidentally asks, "Did you shower yourself today?" instead of, "Did you take a shower?" This is an example of incorrect ________ structure.
syntax.
The findings from the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart suggested that
there is a genetic component to intelligence.
What do paint, doll, and cat all have in common?
they all can combine with -house to form a word, and they are part of creativity test.
Which is an example of a morpheme?
un
If something is original, it is
unique.
Leini is working on building a bookshelf in her backyard when she gets a terrible itch on her back. She gripes about not being able to reach it, and goes inside to look for a back-scratcher or a kitchen spoon. She could have just used the hammer she was holding in her hand, but she didn't think of that. This is an example of
functional fixedness.
Which is the faster technique for solving a problem?
heuristics.
Pronouns like "I", "me", and "my" are used more often in ________ cultures.
individualistic
The average IQ score is
100
At what age can babies only discriminate among those phonemes that are used in the language(s) in their environments?
12 mon
Wendy's belief that rabbits are cute, fun, and intelligent animals is an example of a
Natural concept.
________ concepts are the ones we know through experience.
Natural.
If you have an exam coming up in 2 weeks, what is the best way to space your studying to maximize your learning?
Study every day for 1 hour.
How does someone who has never been to a Starbucks before know to order and pay at the counter and then wait for their food to be ready?
The individual already has a concept for casual dining restaurants and can apply this concept to Starbucks.
What is the Flynn effect?
The observation that each generation has a significantly higher IQ than the previous generation.
What statement is true of gossip and story-telling?
When gossiping, people tend to use adjectives to describe members of their own group (e.g. She's so nice!).
Two-thirds of typical conversations are about ________.
gossip.
Internet search engines use ________ to show the appropriate results.
heuristics
Parents of African American students filed a case against the state of California in 1979 because they believed the testing method used to identify students with learning disabilities________.
was culturally unfair as the tests were normed and standardized using white children.
The pervasive daily stress of poverty and resulting impact on brain development may explain
why children who live in poverty perform worse on intelligence tests.
Learning disabilities often affect children
with average to above-average intelligence.
