Psy 1010 chapter 12&13

Cognitive restructuring is designed to do which of the following

-Change a pattern of thought that is causing a maladaptive emotion -Change a pattern of thought that is causing a maladaptive behavior

Which of the following are types of anxiety disorders? (Select all that apply.)

-Generalized Anxiety Disorder -Panic Disorder -Specific Phobia

Research has shown that individuals who receive _____ sessions of psychotherapy are more likely to improve compared to those who receive a placebo treatment or no treatment at all.

12-14

A person who has an identical twin with bipolar disorder has a _____ percent probability of also having the disorder.

70

One neurodevelopmental disorder that is marked by persistent problems in sustaining attention and difficulty engaging in quiet activities is

ADHD

‼️‼️One neurodevelopmental disorder that is marked by persistent problems in sustaining attention and difficulty engaging in quiet activities is

ADHD

_____ drugs are used to reduce severe symptoms of psychological disturbance, such as loss of touch with reality and agitation.

Antipsychotic

What makes anxiety disorders different from the normal experience of anxiety?

Anxiety disproportionate to the actual danger a person might be in may be involved.

Select the three criteria of abnormal behavior.

Behavior is deviant Behavior is personally distressful Behavior is maladaptive

Which of the following is an example of a delusion related to schizophrenia?

Believing that you are the king or queen of a country

_______ nervosa is an eating disorder in which a person consistently follows a binge-and-purge eating pattern.

Bulimia

‼️‼️Recurrent behaviors are known as ______

Compulsions

Which of the following are examples of a manic episode in bipolar disorder?

Ellie excitedly calls everyone she knows to tell them about her new business venture and then stays up all night and cleans the house. Hugo impulsively goes on an all-day shopping spree and empties his checking account.

One negative symptom of schizophrenia is ________ ______ , which is the display of little or no emotion.

Flat affect

________ anxiety disorder is different from such everyday feelings of anxiety in that sufferers experience persistent anxiety for at least six months and are unable to specify the reasons for the anxiety.

Generalized

Client-centered therapy is a humanistic therapy that emphasizes which of the following?

Helping to identify and understand the client's genuine feelings Providing a warm, supportive atmosphere Encouraging the client to gain insight into problems

Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of PTSD?

Indulging in repetitive and ritualistic behaviors

Which of the following are true of psychoanalysis?

It assumes that early childhood experiences are important influences on adult behavior. Free association and dream analysis are important components of psychoanalysis. It is Freud's therapeutic technique for analyzing a person's unconscious thoughts.

Which of the following are true of schizophrenia?

It causes people to have psychotic thoughts. It is a serious psychological disorder. It is characterized by disordered thought.

Andrea has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. She has a persistent delusion that she is the Virgin Mary. What is the best description of her delusion?

It is a positive symptom.

Which of the following is NOT an example of social anxiety disorder?

Izan has an intense fear of heights.

Which of the following is an example of a manic episode?

Julia stops sleeping and spontaneously buys a house she cannot afford.

_____ is a disorder that develops through exposure to a traumatic event, severely oppressive situations, severe abuse, or natural and unnatural disasters.

PTSD

‼️‼️Which of the following statements about humanistic psychotherapy are true?

People are encouraged to understand themselves. The therapist emphasizes conscious rather than unconscious thought. There is an emphasis on peoples' self-healing capacities.

Rick has been distressed over a long period of time. He has had problems coping with life and relating to people. He tries to avoid meeting people, as he thinks his breathing can be dangerous for others. He also believes that washing his face seven times an hour will keep him healthy. Rick meets all the criteria for abnormal behavior, which is defined as involving

Personal distress, maladaptive behavior, and deviance

In a conversation, your friend states, "I don't believe in therapy because it doesn't work." Based on your reading, which of the following points would you use in response?

Psychotherapy is more effective than no treatment at all for psychological disorders. Psychotherapy grounded in theory may be effective for years after treatment.

The two features that characterize autism spectrum disorder are which of the following?

Showing persistent deficits in social communication and interaction across various settings Showing restrictive repetitive behaviors, interests, and activities

What are some examples of negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

Social withdrawal, flat affect

A(n) __________ ________ is a psychological disorder in which a person has an irrational, overwhelming, persistent fear of a particular object or situation.

Specific phobia

Which is true regarding anxiety disorders, according to the DSM-5?

There are 12 types of anxiety disorders.

Which of the following is true of personality disorders?

They can be difficult to treat. They are chronic and maladaptive. They are relatively common.

Behavioral therapies are particularly useful for children or people with developmental disabilities. Why?

They do not rely on cognitive abilities

Behavioral therapies are particularly useful for children or people with developmental disabilities. Why?

They do not rely on cognitive abilities.

‼️‼️Behavioral therapies are particularly useful for children or people with developmental disabilities. Why?

They do not rely on cognitive abilities.

What are some symptoms of major depressive disorder?

Weight loss Feeling worthless Trouble sleeping

Research has shown that the match between _____ and a client's personality can influence how effective their treatment will be.

a therapist's style

Recurrent thoughts about washing one's hands is an example of

an obsession

In which type of disorder do feelings of apprehension or tension occur without an obvious external cause, affecting daily functioning?

anxiety disorders

Psychotherapeutic drugs are used mainly in which of the following diagnostic categories?

anxiety disorders, mood disorders, schizophrenia

According to research reviews and meta-analyses, which of the following has proven effective in the treatment of people on the autism spectrum?

applied behavior analysis

‼️‼️According to research reviews and meta-analyses, which of the following has proven effective in the treatment of people on the autism spectrum?

applied behavior analysis

After a binge, a person with binge-eating disorder feels

ashamed

Someone who shows persistent deficits in social communication and social interactions in addition to engaging in repetitive behaviors would likely be diagnosed with

autism spectrum disorder

Abnormal behavior can be defined as which of the following?

behavior that is deviant behavior that is distressful behavior that is maladaptive

‼️‼️Which of the following is a therapy that uses principles of learning to reduce or eliminate maladaptive behavior?

behavior therapy

Which of the following types of therapy offers action-oriented strategies and uses principles of learning to help clients?

behavioral therapy

_______ nervosa is an eating disorder in which an individual engages in binging and purging behaviors.

bulimia

One of the major factors in the outcomes of therapy is not just the therapist, but also the

client

Who will do most of the work in therapy to resolve problems?

clients

Changing a pattern of thought that is presumed to be causing maladaptive behavior or emotion is called

cognitive restructuring

Nikki washes her hands until they are raw and bleeding. She is exhibiting a(n)

compulsion

In contrast to psychodynamic therapies, humanistic therapies emphasize _____ thoughts.

conscious

_____ establishes the norms by which people evaluate their own behaviors.

culture

Roberta has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. She firmly believes that she works for the CIA and God. This is an example of (a)

delusion

Antipsychotic drugs do which of the following in individuals with severe psychological disorders?

diminish agitated behavior decrease hallucinations reduce tension improve social behavior

_____ disorders are psychological disorders that involve a sudden loss of memory or change in identity.

dissociative

______ disorders are psychological dysfunctions characterized by the separation of different facets of a person's conscious experience.

dissociative

In psychoanalysis, Freud's technique emphasized the idea that current problems could be traced to which of the following?

early childhood experiences, conflicts about sexuality, experiences not available to the conscious mind

Which of the following are common signs and symptoms in someone with binge-eating disorder?

eating until uncomfortably full being distressed about their eating behavior being overweight or obese

Which procedure used in the treatment of severe depression involves an electric current being briefly administered to a patient's brain?

electroconvulsive therapy

‼️‼️Jameis was sitting in his office one day when someone went flying past his window and hit the pavement below. Since that time, Jameis has been diagnosed with PTSD. He relives this traumatic event in his mind many times a day. What is the proper term for the specific symptom he is experiencing?v

flashback

Which of the following are symptoms of PTSD?

flashbacks problems with memory and concentration impulsive outbursts of behavior

Which disorder is characterized by long-term, persistent anxiety and uncontrollable worry?

generalized anxiety disorder

As _____ similarity to a person with a diagnosis of schizophrenia increases, so does a person's risk of being diagnosed with schizophrenia.

genetic

_____ influences are stronger predictors of bipolar disorder than of depressive disorders.

genetic

People with schizophrenia may have _____, the experience of perceiving things that are not actually there.

hallucinations

_____ is/are sensory experiences that occur in the absence of real stimuli.

hallucinations

What are some examples of positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

hallucinations and delusions

Established by Carl Rogers, client-centered therapy attempts to help a patient by which of the following means?

helping patients identify and understanding their feelings

ADHD is characterized by which of the following symptoms?

hyperactivity impulsivity inattention

ADHD is characterized by which of the following symptoms?

inattention hyperactivity impulsivity

Contemporary usage of electroconvulsive therapy involves

inducing a seizure that lasts for approximately a minute.

‼️‼️Contemporary usage of electroconvulsive therapy involves

inducing a seizure that lasts for approximately a minute.

For the past three weeks, Amin has felt lethargic, had problems sleeping and making decisions, lost pleasure and interest in activities he previously enjoyed, and had feelings of worthlessness. The most likely diagnosis for Amin is

major depressive disorder

The mood swings of bipolar disorder include one or more episodes of _____, an excited, overly optimistic state

mania

Women in Britain who demonstrated for the right to vote in the late nineteenth century were often viewed as _____, even though their actions were a response to injustice.

mentally ill

Barry has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. His demeanor is unusual compared to most people because he does not show emotional expression when he speaks and he does not appear to have the ability to read others' emotional expressions. These symptoms can be classified as

negative symptoms of schizophrenia.

Anorexia _______ is an eating disorder that involves the pursuit of thinness through starvation.

nervosa

Cultural ________ provide guidance about how people should behave and what behavior is healthy.

norms

_____ disorder is characterized by anxiety-provoking thoughts that will not go away and/or urges to perform repetitive behaviors to prevent or produce some future outcome.

obsessive-compulsive

‼️‼️Dr. Addison is a behavior therapist. When she explains what she does, which of the following are included in the explanation?

operant conditioning techniques observational learning classical conditioning techniques

Adele has experienced a number of discrete periods of terror in which she sweats, trembles, feels dizzy, and is quite certain that she is "going crazy." Her physician has assured her that there is no medical reason for these episodes. What is Adele's most likely diagnosis?

panic disorder

Which of the following is an anxiety disorder in which a person experiences recurrent, sudden onsets of intense terror, often without warning and with no specific cause?

panic disorder

An individual may experience a depressive disorder that is less extreme than major depression, but the depression lasts for more than two months. This disorder is called ________. depressive disorder

persistent

When someone experiences a depressive disorder that is less extreme than major depression but lasts for more than two months, the disorder is called

persistent depressive disorder.

A _____ disorder is characterized by maladaptive behavior patterns that keep a person from functioning appropriately in society.

personality

In the case of a specific _____, the anxiety produced by the given stimulus or situation is typically out of proportion to the actual threat the stimulus or situation poses.

phobia

The disorder that develops through exposure to a traumatic event that has overwhelmed the person's ability to cope is called

post traumatic stress disorder

Matt has been seeing a therapist several times a week for the past five years. During his sessions, he spends time free associating and talking about his past. What type of therapy is this?

psychodynamic

__________ drugs are used mainly in three diagnostic categories: anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia.

psychotherapeutic

Obsessions are _____ thoughts.

recurrent

The goal of behavior therapy is to

reduce or eliminate maladaptive behavior.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) features anxiety-provoking thoughts that will not go away and/or urges to perform Blank______ to prevent or produce some future situation.

repetitive, ritualistic behaviors

_____ refers to a disorder, or class of disorders, in which severe distortion of reality occurs.

schizophrenia

‼️‼️Today, ECT is primarily used to treat

severe depression that has been unresponsive to treatment.

Because the level of impairment experienced by people with ASD is quite variable, it is considered a

spectrum

Some people who have ASD may never learn to talk or be able to take care of themselves, whereas others who have ASD may excel at school, have successful careers, and have enduring relationships with others. This illustrates how ASD is a

spectrum

All of the following are factors that influence therapeutic progress for clients EXCEPT

the therapist's use of new and innovative therapeutic techniques

A therapist who uses client-centered therapy and endeavors to create a warm and caring environment, never disapproving of the client as a person, is engaging in

unconditional positive regard

Susie's therapist helps her feel accepted and valued. In client-centered therapy, Susie's therapist is demonstrating

unconditional positive regard.