PSY 207 Final. Chapters 9-14

The lifetime prevalence of major depressive disorder is estimated to be ____%.

16.6

Based on prevalence data, older adults with bipolar disorder were most likely to have developed it by the time they reached the age of about:

25

Among individuals diagnosed with PTSD in a given year, approximately _____% have symptoms rated as severe.

37

In Medicare Part A, the maximum number of days that an individual can receive hospital stays by paying the deductible only (but no daily rate) is:

60

Benefits paid out by Medicare in 2015 amounted to ___________ billion dollars (rounded off).

619

Surveys on adult populations measuring serious mental illness show that the lowest rates of are reported in which age group?

65 and older

In 2015, the state with the highest number of serious deficiencies in nursing home care was:

Alaska

Of the following, which category of disorders has the highest lifetime prevalence?

Anxiety

The view that it is noble to die for a cause characterizes the ____________ death ethos.

Beautiful

The ______________approach to marital satisfaction predicts greater happiness when couples engage in positive behaviors such as expressing affection.

Behavioral

The WHO model of successful aging is most similar to which developmental model in including the influence of broad social factors?

Bronfenbrenner's ecological perspective

A recent graduate from a public policy and economics program is interested in working for the U.S. government on improving health care for older adults through federally funded programs. She therefore decides to look into working for the agency which oversees these programs known as:

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.

The "Superagers" identified in an MRI study on memory and brain structure showed that those with better memories had the most cortical volume in which region?

Cingulate cortex

According to the Pew Research Center study of well-being, young adults wrongly believed that the experience of aging would most likely affect which aspect of life in adults 65 and older?

Cognitive functioning

Psychologists who work on integrative health care teams may be called in when patients make the choice not to have medical intervention when their heart or lungs shut down in what is called a(n):

DNR

A 2007 Institute of Medicine Report recommends which of the following changes to prepare health care workers for the future treatment of older adults?

Expanding and improving models of comprehensive care from home care to hospitals.

The symptoms of social anxiety disorder involve, specifically, which types of thoughts and feelings?

Fear of looking foolish or embarrassed

Which type of community-based service specializes in providing psychiatric care to older adults?

Geriatric partial hospital

Which of the following would be considered a "positive" symptom of schizophrenia?

Hallucinations

Which qualities define the sense of "passionate commitment" among productive older adults?

High levels of flexibility and curiosity.

Which characteristic is most likely to be seen by health care workers in an older adult who later commits suicide?

History of previous suicide attempts.

Research on the so-called "empty nest syndrome" showed that feelings of unhappiness following the children's leaving the home were most prominent among parents of which ethnicity?

Indo/East Indian

The number one deficiency in U.S. nursing homes in 2014, involving 43% of all institutions, was:

Lack of infection control.

The crude death rate provides information about which aspect of mortality?

Number of deaths divided by the size of the population.

What is the main factor accounting for the gender gap in earnings?

Only 8% of professional women are in higher-paying fields.

Which of the following is a sociocultural factor in the biopsychosocial model of retirement?

Opportunities for engagement

The dying trajectory an individual experiences prior to death refers to which process?

Rate of biological decline.

Because many adults enter into remarriages more likely to leave because they are open to the relationship's ending, they are said to be high on the factor known as:

Reciprocal Exchange

The results of a large cohort-sequential study of life satisfaction across the adult years seemed to contradict the findings of which theory?

Socioemotional selectivity

According to ________________ theory, the way you start your day influences your work performance throughout the day.

affective events

Loss of appetite and muscle mass in the period before a person dies is referred to as the:

anorexia-cachexia syndrome.

Depressive symptoms can place the older adult at risk for developing which other diseases or conditions?

arthritis

In equity theory, partners are seen as having the highest marital satisfaction if they:

believe they are each contributing similarly to the relationship.

Older adults with white matter hyperintensities are at increased risk for developing ____________disorder.

bipolar

Being able to find a ________________ career, in which people are not tied to a particular company or organization, might be difficult during times of a tight economy.

boundary less

An individual showing a downwardly-sloped dying trajectory with occasional sharp drops is likely to have which type of disease?

cancer

During a psychological assessment, the clinician may use a(n) _______________, which involves a flexible series of questions designed to gain initial information.

clinical interview

The situation in families when parents and their adult children no longer want to be with each other and, in fact, no longer value the relationship is known as a(n):

developmental schism.

As workers feel that they have more control in their job, the extent of their ___________ motivation decreases.

extrinsic

An advantage of the Green House model of institutional care for older adults is that it:

feels more like a home than a traditional nursing home.

Those who study death and dying believe that the main outcome of the work of Kübler-Ross was her emphasis on:

finding appropriate funding for dying patients.

Organized efforts by advocates to improve the quality of nursing home care to make them less "institutional" is called the ______________ movement.

good gerontology wrong

Research on satisfaction in close, long-term relationships shows that the couples who are most likely to get along well in their later years were those who:

got along well with each other during their early years together.

Couples in long-term relationships characterized by emergent distress show which pattern of conflict over time?

gradual disappointment with each other and the relationship

According to Simonton's model, the most creative individual in later life will be the person who:

has high creative potential.

An appointment of a durable power of attorney for health care specifies who will serve as a(n)_____________ for an individual should he or she become incapacitated.

health care proxy

Workers who fail to develop as optimally as possible are, in Holland's theory, referred to as:

incongruent

One of the key symptoms of LOSS is the experience of:

increased memories about an earlier traumatic experience.

An 80-year-old woman planning her living will through use of the "Five Wishes" website. This will allow her to honor her desire for:

life-support or resuscitation.

Creative potential refers, in Simonton's model, to which quality of an individual's ability to be productive throughout life?

number of truly original ideas

The 2002 Nursing Home Quality Initiative proposed that nursing homes hire volunteers to serve as ____________ in order to help protect resident rights.

ombudspersons

Oregon and Washington have a unique status among U.S. states because they are the only two that permit:

physician-assisted suicide.

A study of nursing home staff regarding their use of chemical and physical restraints on residents showed that they felt they were necessary to:

protect residents from falling or wandering.

The widowhood effect refers to the finding that individuals whose spouses die, compared to those still married, have higher:

rates of dying from all causes.

The "anniversary reaction," as applied to widowhood, refers to the:

renewed feelings of loss near the date of the spouse's death.

In a test of predictors of successful aging, a study on the Women's Health Initiative sample showed that _____________ had the greatest influence.

resilience and optimism

Couples who divorce seem to adapt best if, in the process, they protect each other's sense of identity, in what's referred to as:

saving face

The Planck hypothesis was used to explain the peak of creativity in the area of:

science

APA's geropsychology guidelines suggest that if clinicians are not familiar with a particular disorder affecting older adults, they should:

seek consultation with or referral to an expert.

Super's theory, unlike Holland's, assumes that people strive to express their __________ in their vocation.

self-concept

The ____________________ perspective is supported by research showing that personality traits as they change through time affect levels of well-being.

set point

An older adult who is living on a tight income and has to economize on the essentials of daily living should, according to the _______________, also have low levels of happiness and life satisfaction.

social indicator model

A new administrator in a nursing home in a large city is concerned because the staff are not providing what she feels is adequate training in bladder continence. She feels this should be a priority because she knows that incontinence is associated with which problem in nursing home residents?

social isolation

Critics of studies on aging and creativity point out that much of the research pays too little attention to:

sociocultural factors that advantage certain segments of society.

Which psychological disorders are most prevalent among residents of nursing homes?

stress-related wrong

Research on age and job performance shows that older workers are typically better in which regard than are younger workers?

taking fewer voluntary absences for personal reasons.

Regarding death as a transition to an eternal life is characteristic of which death ethos?

tamed death

According to the perspective known as ________________ Theory, activating a person's thoughts about death may trigger a set of positive changes, including closer relationships, greater creativity, and more connection to others.

terror management

The idea that Western culture is unwilling to accept the reality of mortality led Ernest Becker to write the critique of this attitude, called:

the denial of death

Being able to die in a way that protects the individual's sense of autonomy and control over end-of-life decisions is consistent with the idea of:

the good death

An age-adjusted death rate in the U.S. in 2010 of 746.2 per 100,000 compared to the age-adjusted death rate of 821.5 in 2013 means that:

the population is getting healthier because people are dying at later ages.

Studies of the neuroscience of creativity examine brain scans while individuals are involved in such cognitive tasks as:

thinking of analogies.

Despite the passage of NHRA 10 years earlier, a 1998 hearing by the U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging reported at least minimal deficiencies (or more) in approximately what percent of California nursing homes?

98

The Women's Health Initiative study on sexuality showed that sexual satisfaction was related to:

Successful aging in general

What differentiates the "new mode" approach from the "usual" mode of retirement?

The individual takes the spouse's qualities and family obligations into account.

Older workers are more reliable according to which criterion?

absenteeism

A 67-year-old woman is constantly organizing and re-organizing her kitchen cabinets, wanting every cup, plate, glass, and utensil to be in exactly the "right" place. Her behavior causes her distress, and although she would like to stop, she can't help herself. This behavior would be considered to be what type of psychological symptom?

compulsion

The communicative ecology model of successful aging (CEMSA) proposes that those older adults who age successfully avoid:

making negative remarks about aging.

A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor is a treatment for an older adult's depressive disorder that would fall in the category of the ______________ model.

medical

A young woman is helping her grandmother understand the hospital bill she just received after being treated for a fractured arm. Unfortunately, because of the nature of the plan, she finds that Medicare did not cover the cost of:

the private hospital room that her grandmother had specifically requested.