psy final

A motor neuron _____, whereas a sensory neuron _____.

. is efferent; is afferent

As toddlers (ages 1-3 years) begin to explore their world, they learn that they can control their actions and act on the environment to get results. What is the primary developmental task of this stage?

A. autonomy vs. shame/doubt

afferent

Afferent neurons are sensory neurons that carry nerve impulses from sensory stimuli towards the central nervous system and brain, while efferent neurons are motor neurons that carry neural impulses away from the central nervous systme and towards muscles to cause movement.

Which parenting style is most encouraged in modern America?

Authoritative

Ravon was born deaf, so he is diagnosed with ________ deafness

B. congenital

Who described the collective unconscious?

Carl Jung

Stroop Effect

Explains the decreased speed of naming the color of ink used to print words when the color of ink and the word itself are of different colors.

Which category of memory failure associated with the seven sins of memory is exemplified by the following? Amantha left her phone somewhere, but she can't remember where.

Forgetting

What is the state of the electrical charge when a neuron is said to be at resting potential?

Inside the neuron is more negative than outside the neuron

Kinesthesia vs. Proprioception

Kinesthesia puts enfisis on movement

One-year-old Ainsley learned the schema for trucks because his family has a truck. When Ainsley sees trucks on television, she says, "Look mommy, truck!" This exemplifies ________.

assimilation

Encoding information occurs through ________.

automatic processing and effortful storing

behavior

The way an organism reacts to changes in its internal condition or external environment.

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? The zygote is a structure connected to the uterus that provides nourishment and oxygen from the mother to the developing embryo via the umbilical cord.

The word "zygote" should be changed to the word "placenta."

authoritarian parenting style

a parenting style characterized by high demands and low responsiveness

hildren who are developing disorganized attachment to their caregivers most likely have been ________.

abused

accommodation

adjustment of a schema by changing a scheme to accommodate new information different from what was already known

Why can amphetamines be used to treat ADHD in children?

amphetamine drugs have a paradoxical (reverse) effect when given to patients with hyperactivity,lessens hyperactivity

inability to feel pain

analgesia

Duelism

belief that the mind and brain are seperate

The function of interneurons is to communicate:

between sensory or motor neurons and the central nervous system

Which part of my brain is probably damaged if I am unable to recognize basic objects around my house?

c) hippocampus

According to Jean Piaget, in what stage do children begin to use language?

c) preoperational

The extensions of a neuron that receive messages from other neurons are the:

dendrites

According to the dissociation view of hypnosis, hypnosis is ________.

effectively a dissociated state of consciousness

True or False dynamic systems theory states that development is based on inconsistent interactions between the child and environment

false it is not inconstant

Annaliese knows that her friend is paying an online service to write a term paper. This bothers her, but she knows that if she tells the teacher everyone will think she is a snitch. She decides her friends' approval is more important, so she says nothing about the cheating. What stage of moral reasoning does this exemplify?

formal operational

With respect to the psychology of emotion, William James would be most interested in:

how emotions aid one's adaptation to the environment

What concept is illustrated by the following study? Participants were instructed to focus on either white or black objects, disregarding the other color. When a red cross passed across the screen, about one third of the subjects did not notice it

inattentional blindness

parasympathetic nervous system

is associated with returning the body to routine, day-to-day operations

Which term describes the perception of the body's movement through space?

kinesthesia

In a normal-sighted individual, the ________ will focus images perfectly on a small indentation in the back of the eye known as the ________.

lens; fovea

sympathetic nervous system

m is involved in preparing the body for stress-related activities

normative approach

measures of behavior are taken on large numbers of individuals and age-related averages are computed to represent typical development

Proprioception

our sense of body position

Nociception

perception of pain

Neurons outside the brain and the spinal cord are part of the _____ nervous system. secondary peripheral central auxiliary

peripheral

The gland that controls the release of hormones in the endocrine system is the:

pituitary

The gland that controls the release of hormones in the endocrine system is the:

pituitary gland

What allows Nancy to run without watching her feet and hit a baseball without focusing on the bat?

proprioception

Cones

retinal receptor cells that are concentrated near the center of the retina and that function in daylight or in well-lit conditions. The cones detect fine detail and give rise to color sensations.

Rods

retinal receptors that detect black, white, and gray; necessary for peripheral and twilight vision, when cones don't respond

Gustation

sense of taste

equipotentiality hypothesis

some parts of the brain can take over for damaged parts in forming and storing memories

What did a researcher identify by timing participants on how long they took to name colors when the semantic meaning of the word differed from the color it was presented in?

stroop affect

As Andre came into the room in which his introductory psychology exam would take place, he noticed that his heart rate had increased due to his _____. As he settled into the test and was able to correctly answer the questions, he calmed down. This response was due to the _____.

sympathetic nervous system; parasympathetic nervous system

As Andre came into the room in which his introductory psychology exam would take place, he noticed that his heart rate had increased due to his _____. As he settled into the test and was able to correctly answer the questions, he calmed down. This response was due to the _____.

sympathetic nervous system; parasympathetic nervous system.

Light waves are transmitted across the ________ and enter the eye through the ________.

the cornea,pupil

Somatosensation

the skin sensations: touch/pressure, warmth, cold, and pain

Kinesthesia

the system for sensing the position and movement of individual body parts

social learning theory

the theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished

top-down processing

the use of preexisting knowledge to organize individual features into a unified whole

Which of the following is a good example of visual encoding? Answers: being able to remember the words to a song even when you can't remember the tune dreaming about your mother and deciding to call her remembering the colors of the rainbow by thinking about a bag of Skittles thinking about a dog you want to adopt and having the image of the dog appear in your mind

thinking about a dog you want to adopt and having the image of the dog appear in your mind

What kind of processing is exemplified by the following scenario? Shimon offers Mouin some salmon. Mouin thinks, "How nice. My friend is offering me fish. I wonder where he got it." This thought leads Mouin to feel happy, appreciative, and curious; he responds with a smile and an extended hand.

top down

What is a binaural cue?

two-eared cue to localize sound

does dynamic systems theory veiw development as a sef organizing presses

yes

is jumping a behavior

yes

does dynamic systems theory view development as emergent

yes?