PSYC 102 Practice Quiz #3

Research has found that those who are impoverished are at an increased risk of developing a psychological disorder. Which best describes the relationship between poverty and psychological disorders?

Either poverty or psychological disorders may be a cause or an effect of the other.

Which of the following is true of bipolar disorder?

Men and women have the disorder equally.

Which of the following are disorders that involve anxiety but are NOT classified as anxiety disorders?

OCD and PTSD

Which individual is most likely to develop major depressive disorder?

Pablo, whose identical twin with major depressive disorder was raised in a different family

Which of the following statements about the DSM-5 is FALSE?

The DSM-5 is of little practical value to mental health workers because it does not predict the future course of a disorder.

An integrated understanding of psychological disorders in terms of stressful memories, evolutionary processes, and gender roles is most clearly provided by

a biopsychosocial approach.

Tonya, who recently discovered her husband was having an affair, disappeared for several days and was found by the police sleeping under a bridge. She claimed that her name was Mary and that she had no memory of her life as Tonya. This case illustrates

a fugue state.

Antisocial personality disorder is most likely to be characterized by

a lack of guilt feelings.

Psychotic disorders are most likely to be characterized by

a loss of contact with reality.

Phobias are most likely to be characterized by

a persistent, irrational fear of a specific object, activity, or situation.

Although Mark realizes that his behavior is unreasonable, he is so alarmed by high bridges or expressway overpasses that he avoids them by taking an unnecessarily lengthy route to and from work each day. Mark appears to suffer from

a phobia.

Rates of nonsuicidal self-injury in the United States are highest among

adolescent females.

Bipolar disorder is most likely to be characterized by

alternations between extreme hopelessness and unrealistic optimism.

Kyle is extremely manipulative and can look anyone in the eye and lie convincingly. His deceit often endangers the safety and well-being of those around him, but he is indifferent to any suffering they might experience as a result of his actions. His behavior best illustrates

antisocial personality disorder.

The distinctive features used to identify the three clusters of personality disorders are

anxiety, eccentricity, and impulsivity.

Which of the following disorders often accompanies depression?

both anxiety and substance use

The process of reinforcement leads those with obsessive-compulsive disorder to frequently repeat their compulsive behaviors. This is an example of

conditioning.

In the last half of the twentieth century, women in Western cultures expressed _____ satisfaction with their body, and they experienced a(n)_____ incidence of serious eating disorders.

decreasing; increasing

Mr. James believes that people are constantly laughing at him and that FBI agents are trying to steal his life savings. Mr. James is most clearly suffering from

delusions.

Dissociative disorders are most likely to be characterized by

disruptions in conscious awareness and sense of identity.

The most controversial disorder involves extensive memory disruptions along with the presence of two or more distinct identities. This disorder is called

dissociative identity disorder.

Drugs that block _____ receptors often lessen the positive symptoms of schizophrenia.

dopamine

Freud suggested that for those suffering a generalized anxiety disorder, the anxiety is

free-floating.

The reduced self-control of murderers is most closely related to reduced brain activity in their __lobes.

frontal

In a study examining the genetic influences on antisocial personality disorder, researchers found that, as compared with the brains of non-murderers of the same age and sex, the brains of murderers showed reduced activity in the _____, a brain area that helps with impulse control.

frontal lobe

Lenore is unexplainably and continually tense and is plagued by muscle tension, sleeplessness, and an inability to concentrate. Lenore most likely suffers from

generalized anxiety disorder.

Michael complains that threatening voices are constantly telling him that he is so evil he should drown himself. Michael is experiencing

hallucinations

Lou Ann has been diagnosed with a psychological disorder called agoraphobia. Lou Ann has an intense fear of

having a panic attack in a public place.

Which of the following is NOT a good predictor of violent behavior?

having a psychological disorder

A psychological disorder is a syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance

in a person's cognitions, emotion regulation, or behaviors.

Cocaine may ____ symptoms of schizophrenia by ____ dopamine levels.

increase; increasing

Schizophrenia is said to be chronic when

it develops slowly.

An intense fear of spiders isn't considered a psychological disorder unless

it interferes with normal day-to-day life.

Mr. Hoffman has always been cautious with his money, but over the past two weeks he has developed grandiose plans to bet his entire life savings on a single horse race. With unrestrained exuberance he has also been giving everybody he sees unsolicited advice on how to make millions in the stock market. Mr. Hoffman's behavior is most indicative of

mania

The major characteristic of dissociative disorders is a disturbance of

memory

Psychologists are LEAST likely to suggest that _____ contribute(s) to the development of schizophrenia.

neglectful child-raising practices

Which of the following has been shown to be a risk factor for future suicide attempts?

nonsuicidal self-injury

Of all the twins who share identical genes with a person who has schizophrenia, about _____ do not themselves develop schizophrenia.

one-half

Jamal has worked as a grocery store clerk for the last 10 years but hates his job. While he performs his job adequately, his self-esteem is low and he feels trapped. Overall Jamal does not enjoy life and has been this way for years. Jamal's symptoms indicate

persistent depressive disorder.

Evidence suggests that ______ contribute(s) to schizophrenia.

prenatal viral infections

Positive symptoms of schizophrenia are the ____ of inappropriate behaviors, and negative symptoms are the _____ of appropriate behaviors.

presence; absence

The suggestion that dissociative identity disorder symptoms are created as defenses against the anxiety caused by one's own unacceptable impulses best illustrates the

psychodynamic perspective.

The chances for recovery from schizophrenia are considered to be greatest when the disorder develops

rapidly in response to a stressful life situation.

Mrs. Higgins believes that aliens from another planet have removed her stomach and are watching her to see how long it takes her to grow another one. Mrs. Higgins is most likely suffering from

schizophrenia.

Ben has always been an odd child, including having no emotions and separating himself from normal childhood play. He would most likely be diagnosed with ______ personality disorder.

schizotypal

An incapacitating and highly distressing fear about being embarrassed in the presence of others is most characteristic of

social anxiety disorder.

People who suffer chronic depression are at high risk for experiencing

social rejection.

Dr. Dominguez believes that psychological disorders are produced by neurological problems centering on neurotransmitter imbalances. Dr. Dominguez emphasis best illustrates

the medical model.

Those with narcissistic personality disorder are likely to be preoccupied with

their own self-importance.

Field trials assessing clinician agreement when using the new DSM-5 categories indicate that diagnoses of adult posttraumatic stress disorder fared ______and diagnoses of antisocial personality disorder fared______.

well; poorly