psyc 214 module 7 appraisal

righteous anger

moderately and reasonably impassioned to take action to rectify injustice

greed

avarice vice excessive desire for wealth

anger appraisal

enhance self esteem, blame toward others, coping potential favors attack, future is positive for attack

pride appraisal

enhance self esteem, credit to one's self

Evagrius of Pontus

1st person to present a coherent doctrine on vices 8: gluttony, lust avarice sadness anger acedia vainglory pride

pride as a sin involves

inner contempt for one's neighbor, hidden painful fear of one's own insecurity and insignificance

wrath

inordinate uncontrolled feelings of hatred and anger

richard lazarus

American psychologist who concluded that some emotional responses do not require conscious thought drew upon appraisal theory, influenced by magna arnold's stress and emotion

which emotions are more intense, difficult to regulate? Negative or Positive?

Negative

coping potential

People's beliefs about their ability to handle challenges.

seven deadly sins

Pride, Envy, Gluttony, Lust, Anger, Greed, Sloth Evagrius of Pontus listed vices, but he listed 8

acedia

Spiritual sloth. A form of spiritual laziness due to relaxed vigilance and a lack of custody of the heart. This is one of the seven capital sins.

appraisal theory

a theory of emotion that proposes that emotions are based on an individual's assessment of a situation or an outcome and its relevance to his or her goals

key appraisal components

agency is a differentiator blame others = anger blame self = guilt no blame = sad attributions

appraisal theory history

ancient greek/roman philosophers studied relationship btwn thought and emotion aristotle, epicurus,: by changing how we think, we can avoid the damaging effects of emotion

sloth

apathy, depression, joylessness, failure to utilize one's talents

what is a necessary condition for emotions to happen

appraisal of goals

phoebe ellsworth

argued there are two reasons for dimensional rist, emotions are similar and different second, discrete does not account for transitions between emos

virtues

aristotle thought led to fulfilling lives

middle ages

aristotle's writings recovered by christian philosophers, adapted virtue theory to better cultivate types of personality for living christian values, or virtues thomas aquinas

pride as a sin

arrogance narcissism unhealthy excessive preoccupation w/one's ego, desire for importance and attractiveness

demensions of appraisal

attention certainty control-coping pleasantness perceived obstacle responsibility legitimacy anticipated effort

right thinking was thought to

be necessary condition for good life

secondary appraisal 3 components

blame or credit coping potential future expectancy

murphy and zajonc

can we process information without awarenss - had observes rate liking of Chinese characters out of 5 each character preceded by a priming stimulus

lust's complementary virtue

chastity

james vicary

coca cola fraud, he's why people are skeptical may have been right regardless

theory of automatic appraisal secondary

deliberate, conscious, involves complex assessment, which draws conclusions about event and consider what can be done about it

wrath leads to

denial of truth impatience with the procedure of law desire to seek revenge outside of the justice system fanatical political beliefs wish to do harm

pride now

desireable, self esteem

Chrysippus

dev'd one of earliest appraisal theories of emotion

thomas aquinas

developed influential theory of virtue

sloth complement virtue

dilligence, zeal, integrity

two approaches to appraisal

discrete and dimensional

goal relevance

does the encounter involve personal goals, do I care, what do i care about

happiness appraisal

ego irrelevant, blame and coping irrelevant, future positive

love apraisal

ego is desire for mutual appreciation, psotive future expectation but blame and coping irrelevant

fear appraisal

ego not relevant, no secondary appraisal

guilt appraisal

ego to manage moral transgresson, sel fblame, coping favorable, future favorable

pride

evagrius believed this was the root of vice

attributions

explanations of causes people give external = anger, gratitude internal = guilt, shame, pride

shame appraisal

failure to live up to ego ideal, self blame, coping and future favorable

chrysippus described

first movements of emo as autonomic, involving primary appr. second movements higher mental process, judgement, decisionmaking, secondary appr.

dimensional approach

focused on many components of appraisal related to different emotions

virtue complement to wrath

forgiveness/composure

emotions can be divided into 2 groups

goal incongruent or goal congruent

emotions are related to

goal related operations in the frontal lobe of the cortex

three components of primary appraisal

goal relevance goal congruence (or incongruence) evo involvement

relief

goal relevance, goal incongruence changing to congruence

envy's complementary virtue

gratitude, admiration for the good in others, gratitude for what one has

pride's complementary virtue

humility

humility

humus meaning earth or ground to have one's feet firmly planted on the ground

primary appraisal

initial decision regarding whether an event is harmful unconscious and automatic

primary appraisal lazarus

interpreting a situation as either benign, neutral, or threatening in terms of its demands and its significance to your well-being personal relevance to what's happening, transactional, contextual

secondary appraisal lazarus

interpreting a situation by your ability to cope with the situation and future prospects

automatic appraisal question

is bad stronger than good is negative evaluation more potent than positive

congruence or incongruence

is the situation consistent with what I want, are my circumstances thwarting or facilitating?

appraisal approach

lazarus emo is response to eval judgement or meaning these judgements about ongoing relationships w/environ, one's agenda of living, whether the encounter of environ is one of harm or benefit

right thinking

leads to appropriate management of one's emotions

sadness appraisal

loss of ego involvement, no blame, coping and future unfavorable

robert zajonc

motivation; believes that we invent explanations to label feelings theory of automatic appraisal

goal incongruent emotions

negative anger fright/anxiety guilt/shame sadness envy-jealousy disgust

anger

not a vice when it's righteous

aquinas on anger

passion for revenge, unreasonable

future expectancy

perception that things will get better, worse, or stay same

secondary appraisal

perceptions regarding our ability to cope with an event that follows primary appraisal potentially conscious, thought-like, give rise to emotions

goal congruent emotions

positive happiness/joy pride love/affection relief

types of appraisal

primary and secondary

theory of automatic appraisal primary

primary involves automatic emotional reactions to events and objects motivate rapid approach or avoidance responses linked with limbic system

pope gregory the great

simplified list of vices, turned into seven deadly sins, put them in descending order

chastity

purity of the soul compassion or empathy for others would also work

envy as a deadly sin

related to pride flows from it insatiable desire for what is possessed by others

stroebe and claus

replicated vicary's claims lipton ice

aristotled

right thinking for appro. expr. of emo cultivate traits of excellence (virtues)

negative stimuli trigger

stronger physio response

paul rozin

studied contagion when one disgusting object endows another object with its vile essence through simple contact

ulf dimberg and arne ohman

submliminal (suboptimal) expressions influenced emotions prompted to smile or frown, lowered or elevated physiological arousal suggested primary appraisal is automatic, fast, primitive

seven deadly sins and seven lively virtues

system for cultivating virtue and avoiding vice

greed complementary virtue

temperance, self restraint

subliminal advertising

the use of suboptimal perception to influence the unconscious, automatic appraisals of consumers

discrete approach

unique appraisals give rise to different emotions lazarus emotions can be identified according to their core relational themes

lust

using another as if they were an object merely for one's own pleasure without regard for the good they've done

how do the vices and virtues relate to appraisal

virtues and vices become traits only through force of havit, initial deliberation and retraining of desire. our day to day attention to how we appraise our goals, and our related emotions, will be essential to doing this

ego involvement

which part of self is involved, self esteem, social esteem, moral values, ego ideals, meaning

blame or credit

who is responsible for outcome

anger as a vice

wrath, rage