PSYC 340 CHAPTER TWO

Surviving a close death may result in _____ in an adolescent. Multiple choice question. childish and immature behavior increasing dependency on near and dear ones a significant regression into childhood a more rapid growing up

a more rapid growing up

According to Jean Piaget, development occurs through two complimentary processes, _____________ and _______________.

assimilation and accommodation

The major aspects of a mature concept of death are mastered by a child in a relatively _____ between the ages of five and ten. Multiple choice question. a.ambiguous fashion b.fixed sequential order c.random manner d.unreliable scattered style

b.fixed sequential order

Like adolescents, emerging adults think they are _____. Multiple choice question. inferior to death at par with death beyond death worthy of death

beyond death

Since mature love takes the risk of commitment in early adulthood (nineteen to forty years), the death of a loved one could be _____. Multiple choice question. treated normally insignificant devastating ignored

devastating

Using euphemisms like "moving on" or "getting over the loss" in a book indicate that the author _____. Multiple choice question. is not bothered about a child's perception of death is trying to narrate the actual cause of death in his next book may be unfamiliar with the theories and insights that apply to understanding loss dislikes the person whose death is being narrated in his book

may be unfamiliar with the theories and insights that apply to understanding loss

According to Erikson, the psychosocial stage of ___________ __________________is characterized by the crisis of generativity versus stagnation and self-absorption.

middle adulthood

Individuals with a mature understanding of death typically hold _____ ideas about it. Multiple choice question. finite nonempirical scientific experimental

nonempirit

Early adolescence involves a shift in attachment from _____. Multiple choice question. parents to peers instructors to peers peers to parents peers to instructors

parents to peers

Jean Piaget defines a schema or a scheme as a(n)_____. Multiple choice question. aim to ignore something intention to overlook something pattern of knowing something method of revealing something

pattern of knowing something

Sense of magical omnipotence; self as center of world; "egocentric thought" are found in the _____. Multiple choice question. sensorimotor period preconceptual subperiod formal operational period prelogical subperiod

preconceptual subperiod

According to Erikson, the positive outcome of autonomy versus shame during toddlerhood is _____. Multiple choice question. purpose will hope competence

will

Select all that apply Identify the four main components of death. (Check all that apply.) Multiple select question. Irreversibility Causality Abnormality Nonfunctionality Universality

Irreversibility, causality, nonfunctionality, universality

Identify an example of resocialization from the following options. Multiple choice question. Enrolling in a book club Identify an example of resocialization from the following options. Multiple choice question. Enrolling in a book club Relocating to a foreign country Attending a community health-center meeting Organizing a symposium on possible death due to drug abuse

Relocating to a foreign country

Identify a true statement about emerging adulthood. Multiple choice question. -Emerging adults typically view themselves as adolescents. -The prevalence of certain types of risk behavior, such as binge drinking, appears to peak during the years of emerging adulthood. -In the years of emerging adulthood, the eighth stage of the life cycle, the crisis to be resolved is that of integrity versus despair. -Emerging adulthood is the period between ages twelve and seventeen.

The prevalence of certain types of risk behavior, such as binge drinking, appears to peak during the years of emerging adulthood.

_____ is a fifth component of death that makes explicit the understanding not only that all living things die but also that each living thing will die. Multiple choice question. a.Personal mortality b.Managed death c.Existential dread d.Death anxiety

a.Personal mortality

The nonempirical ideas about death deal mainly with the notion that _____. Multiple choice question. a.human beings survive in some form beyond the death of the physical body b.death can be avoided c.death is a scientific fact d.death brings an abrupt end to all factors associated with the human body

a.human beings survive in some form beyond the death of the physical body

The developmental process of adjusting or modifying one's current schemes to handle new information is called _____. Multiple choice question. accommodation segmentation modulation application

accommodation

According to Erikson's model, for the young child, being dead is a(n) _____. Multiple choice question. complete cessation of life temporary disappearance from life altered state of living better state of living as compared to the previous state

altered state of living

According to Erison's stages of development, the positive outcome of middle adulthood is _____. Multiple choice question. love care will competence

care

Select all that apply Identify the four main components of death. (Check all that apply.) Multiple select question. Causality Universality Nonfunctionality Abnormality Irreversibility

causality universality nonfunctionality irreversibility

True or false: It is always possible to pinpoint the genesis of ideas that an individual acquires about death.

false

True or false: Socialization is a one-way process whereby individuals simply learn to fit into society.

false

True or false: Socialization is seen as a process of acquiring a unitary culture.

false

True or false: The role of religion is not affiliated to providing a basis for morality and human relationships.

false

The _____ is the foundational social institution in all societies. Multiple choice question. school family media hospice

family

Due to many changes in thinking emerging during the transition from the preschool to the school years, this period has come to be called the _____. Multiple choice question. five-to-seven year shift transitional period resocialization period emerging adulthood

five-to-seven year shift

Select all that apply Identify the different ways in which peer groups and other social networks exert a powerful influence on socialization through the life course. (Check all that apply.) Multiple select question. Friends and neighbors Leisure pursuits Educational and work settings Routine parent-child outings

friends and neighbors, leisure pursuits, educational and work settings

The way we learn about death tends to be a result of _____ rather than of systematic instruction. Multiple choice question. happenstance organization turmoil elusion

happenstance

Select all that apply Identify those words that are indicative of honest and accurate terminology for communicating death-related issues. (Check all that apply.) Multiple select question. His anniversary is to be held next week He died His death has triggered immense sorrow He has moved on to a higher plane

he died his death has triggered immense sorrow

According to Erikson, the positive outcome of the developmental crisis of basic trust toward the environment is _____. Multiple choice question. persistence self-confidence courage hope

hope

Teachable moments are ideal for learning because of their _____,. Multiple choice question. superficiality triviality immediacy infrequency

immediacy

The period when the child is busy in school, interacting with peers in a variety of ways is known as the _____. Multiple choice question. industrial age resocialization period rebellion years five-to-seven year shift

industrial age

Early adulthood is represented by tension between _____. Multiple choice question. initiative and guilt intimacy and isolation autonomy and shame inferiority and industr

intimacy and isolation

In Piaget's model, early childhood (2 to 7 years) is characterized as the _____ period. Multiple choice question. formal operational preoperational concrete operational sensorimotor

preoperational

The preparation of a child for participation in adult society is called _____. Multiple choice question. resocialization a tactical socialization primary socialization a teachable moment

primary socialization

The death of a parent during the school-age years is likely to deprive a child of an important source of _____. Multiple choice question. freedom intellect education recognition

recognition

In the toddler hood stage, the death of a significant other affects the child's task of pursuing independence and may cause _____ to earlier behaviors, such as clinging, crying, and being more demanding. Multiple choice question. aversion regression revulsion conflicts

regression

The term that refers to the "uprooting and restructuring of basic attitudes, values, or identities" when adults take on new roles that require replacing their existing values and modes of behavior is ______________

resocialization

According to Jean Piaget, the basic unit of understanding is a(n) ____________ or ___________.

schema or scheme

The term used to describe the learning of new rules and behaviors when one becomes a member of a smaller group within the larger society is ____________ _________________.

secondary socialization

With respect to a child's understanding of death, paying attention to the _____ of the child is more reliable than correlating stages of understanding to age. Multiple choice question. intellect spiritual and religious understanding imagination sequence of development

sequence of development

Books chosen to educate a child about death _____. Multiple choice question. should be based only on real-life situations should be in the form of a humorous adaptation can be phrased in an ambiguous fashion so that the child is not frightened should be appropriate for a particular situation

should be appropriate for a particular situation

In Erikson's model, during the preschool and kindergarten years,the egocentric orientation of the infant gives way to the _____ of the older child. Multiple choice question. socially integrated self typically rebellious self introverted unpleasant self mature independent self

socially integrated self

Select all that apply Identify the reaction of an adolescent toward a death in the family. (Check all that apply.) Multiple select question. Somatization Disregard Anger Denial

somatization, anger, denial

An active attempt to change other people's perceptions and behaviors about some aspect of their social world is called ______________ ________________.

tactical socialization

The term "_____" refers to strategies that, for example, hospice caregivers use to informally teach people about death and dying. Multiple choice question. primary socialization elementary socialization tactical socialization secondary socialization

tactical socialization

Religions the world over have traditionally been a fertile avenue for contemplating one's place in _____. Multiple choice question. the universe a place of employment a child's mind an educational institution

the universe

The main phases of socialization are developed _____. Multiple choice question. at the age of maturity at the end of adolescence through childhood years during middle adulthood

through childhood years

True or false: Life experiences are powerful in shaping a person's attitudes and beliefs about death.

true

True or false: The family is the first source of death education in one's life. True false question.

true

According to the model of human development devised by Erikson, rank the stages of psychosocial development, or the psychosocial milestones, that occur successively throughout a person's life in the correct order. (Place the first stage at the top.) Instructions

trust vs mistrust autonomy vs shame initiative vs guilt industry vs inferiority identity vs confusion intimacy vs isolation

Personal mortality is a subcomponent of _____. Multiple choice question. nonfunctionality universality causality irreversibility

universality

Identify an example of secondary socialization from the following actions. Multiple choice question. Moving to a new city Getting promoted Partaking in weekly club activities in one's neighborhood Attending a talk on the progression and management of terminal illnesses

Partaking in weekly club activities in one's neighborhood

In children's stories that are written with the specific aim of answering their questions about dying and death, death is often presented _____. Multiple choice question. as an illusion in a misleading way so that the child is not scared as part of the natural cycle in violent, horrific detail

as part of the natural cycle

Identify the features of a prelogical subperiod. (Check all that apply.) Multiple select question. Beginning problem solving All natural objects have feelings and intentions More socialized speech Seeing is believing

beginning problem solving, more socialized speech, seeing is believing

Recent studies show that children begin to conceptualize death as a biological event at the same time they construct a(n) ____________ _____________of how the human body functions.

biological model

According to Erik Erikson's model of psychosocial development, the _____ becomes important to a child's self-image in the early childhood years. Multiple choice question. soul body spirit mind

body

One of the death-related fears that might manifest in a child in his or her early childhood is _____. Multiple choice question. suicide body mutilation guilt terminal illness

body mutilation

Select all that apply Identify the problems usually faced by children as a reaction to grief in their middle childhood years. (Check all that apply.) Multiple select question. Hypochondriasis Insensitivity Learning problems Phobias Rheumatoid arthritis

hypochondriasis learning problems phobias

The way in which one adopts certain strategies of action to maintain a connection with others, with one's past, and with one's own aspirations is called _____. Multiple choice question. identity fidelity integrity creativity

identity

In Erikson's model, adolescence is marked by the crisis of _____. Multiple choice question. initiative versus guilt identity versus inferiority identity versus role confusion industry versus inferiority

identity versus role confusion

In Erikson's model, the years from about six to the beginning of puberty correspond to the stage of _____. Multiple choice question. initiative versus guilt industry versus inferiority autonomy versus shame trust versus mistrust

industry versus inferiority

In reaching late adulthood, the eighth and final stage of the life cycle, the crisis to be resolved is that of _____. Multiple choice question. autonomy versus shame integrity versus despair industry versus inferiority trust versus mistrust

integrity vs despair

The causality factor of death includes a recognition of the _____ of death. Multiple choice question. internal and domestic causes intervening causes external causes internal and external causes

internal and external causes

An adolescent's understanding of the universality of death may be influenced by a sense of _____. Multiple choice question. danger insecurity invulnerability fear

invulnerability

In a mature concept of death, death is ultimately caused by a(n)_____ in the functioning of the body. Multiple choice question. temporary block reversible slowdown irreversible breakdown inferior change

irreversible breakdown

Development of individual self-image, experimentation, and striving for competency, mastery, and control are exhibited by children in their _____. Multiple choice question. early childhood early adolescence middle adolescence late adolescence

middle adolescence

Research generally has indicated that most children have acquired a mature concept of death around the age of _____. Multiple choice question. six nine three four

nine

Adolescents are reluctant to accept the concept of _____. Multiple choice question. illusory death proverbial death familial death personal death

personal death

Each stage in the psychosocial development proposed by Erikson involves a crisis, or turning point, that _____ to gain mastery over various issues and further develop a sense of identity. Multiple choice question. should be avoided at all costs requires a response from the individual should be ignored by the individual destroys the individual's capacity

requires a response from the individual

A phrase used by educators to describe opportunities for learning that arise out of ordinary experiences is called ___________ ______________.

teachable moment

"Pet parents" may experience feelings of guilt and direct responsibility for a companion animal's death by euthanasia because _____. Multiple choice question. the animal was not fed properly before putting to death the reason for euthanizing the animal is trivial the animal cannot communicate its wish to die animal euthanasia is prohibited by the law of the country

the animal cannot communicate its wish to die

A child's learning about death increases with _____. Multiple choice question. the broadening of his or her social network a decrease in death-related media content a denial of the concept of death lesser emphasis on religion

the broadening of his or her social network

"Being less alive" means that _____. Multiple choice question. the dead "live on" under changed circumstances and can return to normal life death is avoidable and occurs only when life is out of control the dead experience a deceiving phenomenon death is the result of a biological process and is temporary

the dead "live on" under changed circumstances and can return to normal life

According to Erikson, the positive outcome of late adulthood is _____. Multiple choice question. love care wisdom concern

wisdom

A _____ may arrive at a more mature understanding of death than is typical of other children of the same age because experience plays an important role. Multiple choice question. a.child who has not seen death affect his or her family b.child who is sheltered from the concept of death c.child who is protected from the grief caused by death d.child who has had firsthand encounters with death

d.child who has had firsthand encounters with death

Click and drag on elements in order Rank the three developmental stages identified by Maria Nagy in children's understanding of death between the ages of three and ten in the order of their occurrence. death as a stage of being "less alive" death as final but as avoidable and lacking inevitability and personal reference death as the result of a biological process that is final, and personal

death as a stage of being "less alive" death as final but as avoidable and lacking inevitability and personal reference death as the result of a biological process that is final and personal

Erikson characterizes the period from birth to roughly one year as predominantly a time of _____. Multiple choice question. developing a sense of basic trust toward the environment acquiring the concept of object permanence a period of recovering from the loss in both psychosocial and physical development showing insight learning, budding symbol use, and simple pretend play

developing a sense of basic trust toward the environment

In the context of a mature concept of death, death is envisioned as a _____. Multiple choice question. stage in which the dead live on under changed circumstances stage that is final, but as avoidable and lacking inevitability turning point in a human being's life fundamentally biological event that inevitably happens to all living things

fundamentally biological event that inevitably happens to all living things