PSYC 4250-Exam #2
among those who try a cigarette, what percentage will become daily habitual smokers?
25%
how long will the high from smoking a typical dose of crack cocaine generally last?
5-20 minutes
of the following semi synthetic opiate drugs, which is not a correct match with the trade pharmaceutical name listed after it?
Diacetylmorphine | suboxone
T/F: Z-hypnotics like sonata, ambien, and imovane, are short acting, but they are thought to have a higher risk of addiction than most benzodiazepines
FALSE
T/F: chewing khat produces an immediate and intense high
FALSE
T/F: the "Stop" switch in the brain, which tells your mind and body that is has had enough and functions to turn off the brains "go" switch, is located in the brain stem
False
which form and method of using cocaine produces the most intense immediate high?
Smoking crack cocaine
T/F: Allodynia is a painful response to a normally pain free stimulus, often as a result of long term opiate/opioid use
TRUE
T/F: methcathinone is a manufactured by street chesmists using ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, the same precursors used to manufacture methamphetamine
TRUE
T/F: Of all the stimulants, the strongest physical and mental dependency develops from nicotine in tobacco
True
T/F: stimulant drugs including cocaine and methamphetamine force the release of dopamine. this surge of dopamine causes paranoia and hyperactivity
True
which of the following correctly lists the 3 major classes of depressants?
alcoho, opiates, and sedative hypnotics
stimulant drugs chemically dissimilar but pharmacologically related to amphetamines, producing many of the same effects but not as strong are called what?
amphetamine congeners
why is it dangerous to combine an opioid with a downer like alcohol, barbiturates, or benzodiazepines?
because the combination of depressants increases the potential for respiratory depression, overdose, or death
On which part of the body does long term use of stimulants have the most significant impact?
cardiovascular system
T/F: Addiction to and withdrawal from benzodiazepines is not generally severe
false
T/F: The high from cocaine normally lasts 4-6 hours
false
T/F: per standard dose, the effects of cocaine last longer than the effects of methamphetamine
false
T/F: most sedative hypnotics are from natural sources
falseq
how long can withdrawal symptoms following detoxification and abstinence from long acting opioids such as methadone persist?
for 14 days or more after detoxification
Which of the following best describes how the first cigarette of the day affects a smoker?
increases blood pressure and heart rate
Which of the following is true about the purity of heroin at the retail level?
it varies 10-70%
Which of the following is not a plant based stimulant?
mephedrone
cocaine epidemics..
occur in cycles every few generations
the synergistic effect of drug refers to what?
the combination of two or more depressant drugs, which magnifies their effect on the CNS
which of the following statements about opioids is true?
there is almost no limit to the level of opioid tolerance a human can develop
T/F: Benzodiazepines sedative hypnotics generally have a higher margin of overdose safety than other drugs in this depressant category
true
T/F: acute withdrawal from heroin is not as life threatening as acute withdrawal from alcohol or sedative hypnotics
true
T/F: heavy prolonged use of stimulants can induce a schizophrenic like psychosis
true
T/F: when a person who has developed tolerance to caffeine subsequently withdraws from the caffeine, it results in physical pain, extreme fatigue, and depression
true
T/F: when smoking cessation is part of a drug treatment program, the chances of recovery from alcohol and other drug addiction greatly increase
true
continued smoking to avoid the negative effects of nicotine withdrawal is known as what?
negative drug reinforcement
T/F: historically, most drug laws were made for political rather than medical considerations
true
T/F: overdose deaths involving opioids most commonly include their combined use with other legal or licit substances like alcohol, benzodiazepines, or antidepressants
true
T/F: the high occurrence of ADHD among adolescents in treatment for substance abuse disorders is in part atributed to their use of drugs to self medicate ADHD symptoms
true
T/F: the sense of relaxation and well being that smokers receive from a cigarette is actually the sensation of the withdrawal symptoms being subdued
true
T/F: tolerance to one type of depressant, such as alcohol, can lead to the development of cross tolerance for another depressant, such as benzodiazepines
true
which of the following statements best describes the effects that depressants have on the body due to its effects on the CNS?
depressants decrease rate of breathing and heart rate
of 1033 new drugs approved by the FDA between 1989-2000, what percentage showed no significant clinical improvement over older and cheaper drugs already in use?
more than 50%
which of the following statements if true?
most heroin abusers began abusing prescription opioidsthere i