Psych 101 Final Chapter 11

Asa is buying a gift for his mother, an overbearing woman who is difficult to please. When a clerk asks him who he is shopping for he replies, "my smother" instead of "my mother." What does this exemplify? A. Freudian slip B. archetype C. collective unconscious D. repressed memory

Freudian slip

Who proposed the locus of control concept? A. Julian Rotter B. Albert Bandura C. Carl Jung D. Walter Mischel

Julian Rotter

Carl Jung's view of extroverted and introverted types serves as a basis of the ________. A. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator B. collective unconscious C. Rorschach Inkblot Test D. Tell-me-a-story thematic Apperception Test (TEMAS)

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

What is the main difference between Sigmund Freud and the neo-Freudians? A. Neo-Freudians reduced the emphasis on sex. B. Neo-Freudians theorized about personality while Sigmund Freud did not. C. Sigmund Freud did not emphasize childhood sexuality while the neo-Freudians did. D. Sigmund Freud was a feminist while the neo-Freudians were not.

Neo-Freudians reduced the emphasis on sex.

The ________ Inkblot Test employs a series of symmetrical inkblot cards that are presented to a client by a psychologist in an effort to reveal the person's unconscious desires, fears, and struggles. A. Rorschach B. Julian Rotter C. TAT D. TEMAS

Rorschach

Who developed the first comprehensive theory of personality? A. Sigmund Freud B. Hippocrates C. Immanuel Kant D. Wilhelm Wundt

Sigmund Freud

Kim believed he failed his math class because the test was too hard, passed his psychology class because the professor passed every student in the class, and didn't get the internship because the manager didn't like him. Julian Rotter would say that Kim has ________. A. an external locus of control B. a dependent personality C. an internal locus of control D. low self-efficacy

an external locus of control

Which of the following is not a way we tend to think of personality? Our personalities ________. A. are mutable B. are not easy to change C. are stable D. exist over a long term

are mutable

________ is a state of being in which our thoughts about our real and ideal selves are very similar. A. congruence B. egotism C. incongruence D. self-concept

congruence

Ina can no longer read the street signs, but she refuses to admit she needs glasses to drive. Which defense mechanism does this exemplify? A. denial B. displacement C. rationalization D. rejection

denial

Hans and Sybil Eysenck viewed people as having two specific personality dimensions: ________. A. extroversion/introversion; neuroticism/stability B. extroversion/stability; introversion/neuroticism C. phlegmatic/choleric; sanguine/melancholic D. phlegmatic/melancholic; choleric/sanguine

extroversion/introversion; neuroticism/stability

________ describes a proportion of difference among people that is attributed to genetics. A. heritability B. personality C. temperament D. trait

heritability

Tammy has a positive view of challenges: She views them as tasks to be mastered. She develops a deep interest in and a strong commitment to becoming a good teacher. When she doesn't pass her first teaching praxis, she quickly recovers and works to overcome the setback. Albert Bandura would say Tammy has ________. A. high self-efficacy B. healthy cognitive processes C. low self-efficacy D. moderate reciprocal determinism

high self-efficacy

Sigmund Freud suggested that people who are dominated by their ________ might be narcissistic and impulsive. A. id B. ego C. superego D. unconscious

id

When Fay feels anxious, she retreats to her closet with a flashlight, using the closet as a private hideaway. What coping strategy is Fay using? A. moving away from people B. moving toward people C. regression D. sublimation

moving away from people

When Imogene feels anxiety, she clings to her mother and father for affection and reassurance. What coping strategy is Imogene using? A. moving toward people B. moving against people C. reaction formation D. repression

moving toward people

According to Sigmund Freud, an adult who smokes, drinks, overeats, or bites her nails is fixated in the ________ stage of her psychosexual development. A. oral B. anal C. genital D. phallic

oral

Self-efficacy is ________. A. our level of confidence in our own abilities B. a state of being in which our thoughts about our real and ideal selves are very similar C. the belief that one's environment can determine behavior D. the belief that we have power over our lives

our level of confidence in our own abilities

Carl Jung referred to the ________ as the mask we adopt. A. persona B. id C. ideal self D. superego

persona

Grimes conducts a ________ by requesting that his patient respond to ambiguous stimuli, thus revealing hidden feelings, impulses, and desires. A. projective test B. psychoanalysis C. self-report inventory D. trait analysis

projective test

After Mike does not get the job he interviewed for, he moves back in with his parents and spends his days playing video games. Which defense mechanism does this exemplify? A. sublimation B. reaction formation C. regression D. repression

regression

The concept of ________ suggests that people choose to move to places that are compatible with their personalities and needs. A. discrimination emigration B. elective immigration C. personality location D. selective migration

selective migration

________ theorists attempt to explain our personality by identifying our stable characteristics and ways of behaving. A. character B. Jungian C. Rorschach D. trait

trait

Because we have developed certain response tendencies, ________ believed that we demonstrate consistent behavior patterns. A. B. F. Skinner B. Hans and Sybil Eysenck C. Ivan Pavlov D. Sigmund Freud

B. F. Skinner

The ________ is composed of a series of true and false questions in order to establish an individual's clinical profile. A. Contemporized-Themes Concerning Blacks Test (C-TCB) B. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) C. Rorschach Inkblot Test D. TEMAS Multicultural Thematic Apperception Test

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

The ________ is composed of a series of true and false questions in order to establish an individual's clinical profile. A. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) B. Contemporized-Themes Concerning Blacks Test (C-TCB) C. Rorschach Inkblot Test D. TEMAS Multicultural Thematic Apperception Test

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

How are the principles of reciprocal determinism present in observational learning? A. An individual's behavior is determined by the environment. B. Cognitive processes depend on imitation. C. Personal factors determine which behaviors in the environment a person chooses to imitate. D. The environment determines which personal factors a person chooses to observe.

Personal factors determine which behaviors in the environment a person chooses to imitate.

In Albert Bandura's social-cognitive theory, behavior refers to ________. A. anything an individual does that can be punished or rewarded B. actions that are not internally motivated C. reactions that are externally motivated D. specific actions that result in reactions

anything an individual does that can be punished or rewarded

Many cultures have stories about a hero who goes on a quest, such as Hercules, King Arthur, and Gilgamesh. What would Carl Jung say this exemplified? A. archetype B. id C. persona D. unconscious anxiety

archetype

According to Carl Jung, which of the following best served the goal of self-realization? A. ability of the extrovert to become an introvert in the second half of life B. ability of the introvert to become an extrovert in the second half of life C. balance between extroversion and introversion D. moving past the archetypes of the collective unconscious

balance between extroversion and introversion

A(an) ________ locus of control is the belief that our outcomes are outside of our control; an ________ locus of control is the belief that we control our own outcomes. A. congruent; incongruent B. external; internal C. internal; external D. real; ideal

external; internal

Eli seeks attention, acts first while thinking later, and prefers verbal communication. Carl Jung would describe him as a(an) ________. A. extrovert B. archetype C. introvert D. neurotic

extrovert

What is the developmental task of Erik Erikson's seventh stage of psychosocial development, in which individuals contribute to society and focus on being a part of a family? A. generativity vs. stagnation B. initiative vs. guilt C. intimacy vs. isolation D. trust vs. mistrust

generativity vs. stagnation

Tammy has a positive view of challenges: She views them as tasks to be mastered. She develops a deep interest in and a strong commitment to becoming a good teacher. When she doesn't pass her first teaching praxis, she quickly recovers and works to overcome the setback. Albert Bandura would say Tammy has ________. A. healthy cognitive processes B. high self-efficacy C. low self-efficacy D. moderate reciprocal determinism

high self-efficacy

The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) is a projective test ________. A. in which people are presented with ambiguous images B. that employs a series of symmetrical inkblot cards C. that is designed to be culturally relevant to minority groups D. that is similar to a word association test

in which people are presented with ambiguous images

What is the developmental task of Erik Erikson's eighth stage of psychosocial development, in which an individual assesses and makes sense of her life and the meaning of her contributions? A. autonomy vs. shame/doubt B. generativity vs. stagnation C. identity vs. confusion D. integrity vs. despair

integrity vs. despair

The concept of ________ suggests that people choose to move to places that are compatible with their personalities and needs. A. selective migration B. discrimination emigration C. elective immigration D. personality location

selective migration

According to Abraham Maslow, the highest need is ________. A. good parenting B. love C. self-actualization D. self-efficacy

self-actualization

According to Abraham Maslow, the highest need is ________. A. self-actualization B. good parenting C. love D. self-efficacy

self-actualization

________ theorists attempt to explain our personality by identifying our stable characteristics and ways of behaving. A. trait B. character C. Jungian D. Rorschach

trait

In Hippocrates theory of personality, what bodily humor was associated with choleric temperament? A. black bile from the kidneys B. red blood from the heart C. white mucous from the lungs D. yellow bile from the liver

yellow bile from the liver

In Hippocrates theory of personality, what bodily humor was associated with choleric temperament? A. yellow bile from the liver B. black bile from the kidneys C. red blood from the heart D. white mucous from the lungs

yellow bile from the liver

The traits openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism are key components of the ________. A. Five Factor Model B. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) C. TEMAS Multicultural Thematic Apperception Test D. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

Five Factor Model

Why was Sigmund Freud trained as a medical doctor and not a psychologist? A. He tried to become a psychologist, but he could not pass the required exams. B. He tried to become a psychologist, but no university would admit a Jewish student. C. His theories were too radical, so he trained as a physician to give himself creditability. D. There was no such thing as a degree in psychology when he received his education.

There was no such thing as a degree in psychology when he received his education.

What is the advantage of applying learning approaches to the study of personality? A. They are feminist. B. They are multicultural. C. They can be scientifically tested. D. They use animal research.

They can be scientifically tested.