Psych 2301 Chp 5

The amplitude of a wave is the height of a wave as measured from the highest point on the wave________ to the lowest point on the wave ________. A. crest; trough B. top; bottom C. trough; crest D. trough; peak

crest; trough

Which of the following exemplifies gustation?

tasting freshly caught salmon

Which of the following is false about sensation? A. Sensation refers to the way sensory information is organized, interpreted, and consciously experienced. B. We have a sensory system that provides information about balance, called the vestibular sense. C. We have more than five senses. D. When sensory information is detected by a sensory receptor, sensation has occurred

A. Sensation refers to the way sensory information is organized, interpreted, and consciously experienced.

Sariah enters a room with several chirping crickets in it. Upon first entering the room, Sariah can hear the chirping; however, as she begins to talk to her friends, she is no longer aware of the chirping even though it is still there. The fact that Sariah no longer perceives the chirping sound demonstrates sensory ________. A. adaptation B. formation C. regression D. revision

A. adaptation

Inattentional ________ refers to the failure to notice something that is completely visible due to a lack of attention. A. blindness B. responsiveness C. sublimation D. transduction

A. blindness

The visible spectrum refers to the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that we ________. A. can see B. can see only in the dark C. can't see D. can't see without sunlight

A. can see

Hertz is a measure of ________. A. frequency B. loudness C. pitch D. purity

A. frequency

________ amplitudes are associated with ________ sounds. A. higher; louder B. higher; quieter C. higher; weaker D. lower; louder

A. higher; louder

What is vertigo? A. fear of heights B. inability to see color C. noise phobia D. spinning sensation

D. spinning sensation

What kind of processing is exemplified by the following scenario? Esther's mother offers her a new dish she's been working on―a raisin-jalapeno quiche. Esther's body responds first: Esther eyes the content of the skillet, and smells the mix of raisins, jalapenos, and eggs. Her stomach churns and she looks away. Feeling disgust and disappointment, she says "I'm not hungry." A. bottom-up B. sensory adaptation C. top-down D. vertical-horizontal

A. bottom-up

Petra walks into a brightly lit Psychology lab to participate in an experiment involving the ability to perceive the colors of the rainbow. Which photoreceptors will be most useful during this experiment? A. cones B. fovea C. lens D. rods

A. cones

Light waves are transmitted across the ________ and enter the eye through the ________. A. cornea; pupil B. iris; pupil C. lens; retina D. pupil; cornea

A. cornea; pupil

Which of the following describes the difference in stimuli required to detect a difference between the stimuli? A. just noticeable B. signal detection C. subliminal D. top down

A. just noticeable

Longer wavelengths will have ________ frequencies, and shorter wavelengths will have ________ frequencies. A. higher; lower B. longer; shorter C. lower; higher D. shorter; longer

C. lower; higher

Our vestibular sense contributes to our ability to ________. A. distinguish the fat content of food B. feel pain C. maintain balance and body posture D. regulate body temperature

C. maintain balance and body posture

Which nerve carries visual information from the retina to the brain? A. cornea B. linear C. optic D. photoreceptor

C. optic

Which of the following exemplifies olfaction? A. feeling the warmth of the sun B. hearing an airplane fly overhead C. smelling cookies in the oven D. tasting white chocolate fudge

C. smelling cookies in the oven

What is a binaural cue? A. single eye and a single ear triangulating distance B. two ears hearing different frequencies of the same sound C. two-eared cue to localize sound D. two-eyed cue to focus distant sight

C. two-eared cue to localize sound

In addition to sweet, salty, sour, and bitter, what other taste groupings do we possess? A. meat and vegetable B. monosodium and glutamate C. umami and fat content D. umami and monosodium glutamate

C. umami and fat content

Several studies have suggested that non-Black participants identify weapons faster and are more likely to identify non-weapons as weapons when the image of the weapon is paired with the image of a Black person. What does this imply about perception? A. Perceptions are influenced by our ethnic background. B. Perceptions in laboratory settings are inaccurate. C. Perceptions of weapons are influenced by our race. D. Perceptions our influenced by implicit prejudice and stereotypes.

D. Perceptions our influenced by implicit prejudice and stereotypes.

In a normal-sighted individual, the ________ will focus images perfectly on a small indentation in the back of the eye known as the ________. A. cornea; iris B. fovea; lens C. iris; retina D. lens; fovea

D. lens; fovea

What is the X-shaped structure that sits just below the brain's ventral surface and represents the merging of the optic nerves from the two eyes? A. fovea B. iris C. lens D. optic chiasm

D. optic chiasm

Catherine is at a crowded baseball game when she loses track of her son, Nick. Despite the loud cheering and noise of the crowd, she can pinpoint his location when he calls for her because she can distinguish the sound of his voice from the all the other voices. This illustrates ________ theory. A. absolute threshold B. just noticeable difference C. sensory adaptation D. signal detection

D. signal detection

Congenital deafness refers to deafness ________. A. as a result of disease B. as a result of old age C. due to deliberate damage D. since birth

D. since birth

Individuals suffering from congenital analgesia have a shorter life span due to ________. A. their brain's inability to process pain medicine B. their high suicide rate C. their inability to tolerate the slightest change in pressure or temperature D. their injuries and secondary infections of injured sites

D. their injuries and secondary infections of injured sites

Due to his sense of ________, Abraham knows he is cold when he is outside during a blizzard, and he knows he is hot after he comes inside and eats soup by the fire. A. gustation B. olfaction C. somatosensation D. thermoception

D. thermoception

Which type of processing involves the interpretation of sensations and is influenced by available knowledge, experiences, and thoughts? A. absolute threshold B. signal detection C. subliminal D. top-down

D. top-down

Your ears receive sound waves and convert this energy into neural messages that travel to your brain and are processed as sounds. This is an example of ________. A. just noticeable difference B. subliminal messaging C. top-down processing D. transduction

D. transduction

Honeybees can see light in the ________ range of the electromagnetic spectrum. A. beta B. gamma C. infrared D. ultraviolet

D. ultraviolet

Vinnie is standing on one leg with his arms in the air. The ________ sense helps keep him balanced so he has less chance of falling over. A. nociception B. proprioception C. somatosensation D. vestibular

D. vestibular

________-frequency sound waves are perceived as high-pitched sounds, while ________-frequency sound waves are perceived as low-pitched sounds. A. condensed; sharp B. high; low C. low; high D. truncated; high

B. high; low

What has research shown about processing subliminal messages? A. In laboratory settings, people can process and respond to information outside of their awareness. B. In laboratory settings, people do not perceive information outside of their awareness. C. In real life, people obey subliminal messages like zombies. D. Outside of laboratory settings, people have a lower absolute threshold

A. In laboratory settings, people can process and respond to information outside of their awareness.

Kimya stares at a bright light and then looks away. After she looks away, she perceives a spot. What is this spot? A. afterimage B. blind spot C. preimage D. night blindness

A. afterimage

Which of the following statements best describes trichromatic theory and opponent-process theory?

both theories are equally accurate, but they apply to different levels of the nervous system.

The ________is also known as the anvil. A. cochlea B. hair cell C. incus D. malleus

C. incus

What does the place theory of pitch perception suggest? A. Different amplitudes of the basilar membrane are sensitive to sounds of different waves. B. Different portions of the basilar membrane are sensitive to sounds of different frequencies. C. Different portions of the ear are sensitive to sounds of different decibels. D. Different sections of the cochlea are sensitive to sounds of different frequencies

B. Different portions of the basilar membrane are sensitive to sounds of different frequencies.

Which field of psychology includes the following concepts: figure-ground relationship, law of continuity, and principle of closure? A. biometric B. Gestalt C. Pacinian D. somatosensory

B. Gestalt

How does the term Gestalt relate to the psychological study of perception? A. Gestalt psychology was popular in the 20th century, but it has been replaced by psycholinguistics. B. Perception involves more than simply combining sensory stimuli; therefore, perception is studied as Gestalt. C. Perception is a Gestalt branch of psychology, meaning the brain is studied apart from the body. D. Sensation requires the use of Gestalt psychology; perception requires the use of gerund psychology.

B. Perception involves more than simply combining sensory stimuli; therefore, perception is studied as Gestalt.

What has research by Goolkasian & Woodbury (2010) demonstrated about pattern perception? A. Subliminal priming is more effective than priming above the absolute threshold. B. Those who are given verbal priming produce a biased interpretation of complex ambiguous figures. C. Those who have a preexisting phobia will interpret innocuous patterns as threatening. D. Those who receive less auditory priming are more likely to hear things than those who receive more auditory priming.

B. Those who are given verbal priming produce a biased interpretation of complex ambiguous figures.

Ravon was born deaf, so he is diagnosed with ________ deafness. A. conductive B. congenital C. postnatal D. prenatal

B. congenital

What is described by the concept of perception? A. how interpretation of sensations is influenced by available knowledge, experiences, and thoughts B. how sensory information is interpreted and consciously experienced C. the change in stimulus detection as a function of current mental state D. what happens when sensory information is detected by a sensory receptor

B. how sensory information is interpreted and consciously experienced

Which term describes the perception of the body's movement through space? A. dimensionality B. kinesthesia C. neurasthenia D. nociception

B. kinesthesia

At the point of the optic chiasm, information from the right visual field (which comes from both eyes) is sent to the ________ side of the brain, and information from the left visual field is sent to the ________ side of the brain. A. left; left B. left; right C. right; left D. right; right

B. left; right

Within the visible spectrum, our experience of red is associated with ________. A. intermediate wavelengths B. longer wavelengths C. shorter wavelengths D. wavelengths of indeterminate length

B. longer wavelengths

Derek wants to win the student of the year award so badly that when the name of the award winner is announced, he is convinced that he hears his name. He stands up and begins to leave the aisle when his friend grabs his hand. Someone else won the award. This illustrates how ________ can affect perception. A. attention B. motivation C. peripherals D. sensation

B. motivation

Felicia smacks her thumb with a hammer while building a doghouse. The sense of ________ provides her brain with information about the pain she feels. A. kinesthesia B. nociception C. preconception D. thermoception

B. nociception

________ refers to the way that sensory information is interpreted and consciously experienced; ________ refers to what happens when sensory information is detected by a sensory receptor. A. perception; reception B. perception; sensation C. preception; postception D. sensation; perception

B. perception; sensation

________ is a chemical message sent by another individual. A. phenome B. pheromone C. proprioception D. thermoception

B. pheromone

Why are olfaction and gustation called chemical senses? A. Neither one has sensory receptors that respond to molecules in the food we eat or in the air we Breathe. B. They are unrelated to biological senses. C. They have sensory receptors that respond to molecules in the food we eat or in the air we breathe. D. We cannot use these senses without the presence of specific chemicals in the body

C. They have sensory receptors that respond to molecules in the food we eat or in the air we breathe.

What was the original focus of Swets' (1964) signal detection theory? A. detecting brain tumors B. improving the accuracy of military codebreakers C. improving the sensitivity of air traffic controllers to plane blips D. increasing typing speed for telephone operators

C. improving the sensitivity of air traffic controllers to plane blips