Psych 301: Quiz 5

Which of the following findings support the memory consolidation theory of REM sleep? A) Deprivation of REM sleep results in poor memory in rats. B) Active phases of brain development are associated with low levels of REM sleep. C) Slow-wave sleep deprivation results in poor learning in rats. D) Training in a complex maze reduces time spent in REM sleep. E) REM sleep time is increased in retarded children relative to normal children.

A) Deprivation of REM sleep results in poor memory in rats.

Caffeine promotes wakefulness because it is a(n) A) adenosine antagonist B) adenosine agonist C) GABA antagonist D) GABA agonist E) norepinephrine antagonist

A) adenosine antagonist

People with anterograde amnesia are deficient in A) declarative memory B) procedural memory C) motor memory D) nondeclarative memory E) short-term memory

A) declarative memory

Activation of _________ cells within the ____ produces arousal and reduced sleep. A) noradrenergic; locus coeruleus B) dopaminergic; preoptice area C) cholinergic; raphe D) serotonergic; SCN E) GABAergic; striatum

A) noradrenergic; locus coeruleus

The appearance of rapid eye movements in the sleep record is an indicator of A) paradoxical sleep B) delta sleep C) muscle paralysis D) slow-wave sleep E) gastric distress

A) paradoxical sleep

The neurons that turn off REM sleep are located in the A) pedunculopontine tegmentum B) occipital cortex C) suprachiasmatic nucleus D) globus pallidus E) preoptic area

A) pedunculopontine tegmentum

Sleep stages 1-4 are termed __________, whereas stages 3-4 are referred to as _________. A) REM sleep; non-REM sleep B) non-REM sleep; slow-wave sleep C) slow-wave sleep; non-REM sleep D) paradoxical sleep; REM sleep E) arrhythmic sleep; paradoxical sleep

B) non-REM sleep; slow-wave sleep

Beta brain wave activity is not a reliable indicator of being awake because A) this pattern is seen in children but not adults B) this brain wave pattern also appears during REM sleep C) this wave form waxes and wanes during the day D) it can be induced by certain drugs such as alcohol E) This wave form is recorded in coma victims

B) this brain wave pattern also appears during REM sleep

A single cycle of non-REM/REM sleep lasts about A) 10 minutes B) 30-40 minutes C) 90 minutes D) 360 minutes E) 8 hours

C) 90 minutes

___________ is the process by which short-term memories are transformed into long-term memories. A) Potentiation B) Confabulation C) Consolidation D) Synaptogenesis E) Hebbian reverberation

C) Consolidation

Which of the following is true of the sleep cycle during a night of sleep? A) Each non-REM/REM cycle lasts about 45 minutes B) Subjects first enter REM sleep and then transition to non-REM sleep C) as the night goes on, the relative length of REM sleep increases in each successive cycle D) Stages 3 and 4 of slow-wave sleep mostly occur in the early morning hours E) Sleep cycles are random across the night

C) as the night goes on, the relative length of REM sleep increases in each successive cycle

Grid cells and border cells are found in the A) frontal cortex B) hypothalamus C) hippocampus D) pons E) thalamus

C) hippocampus

Damage to the preoptic area would be expected to A) produce persistent REM sleep B) increase male reproductive behavior C) produce insomnia D) produce sleepiness E) reproduce the symptoms of narcolepsy

C) produce insomnia

Night terrors are most likely to occur during A) REM sleep B) high-frequency sleep C) stage 4 of slow-wave sleep D) paradoxical sleep E) stage 1 of slow-wave sleep

C) stage 4 of slow-wave sleep

Amnesia for events that occur after some disturbance to the brain is called A) retrograde amnesia B) declarative amnesia C) Korsakoff's psychosis D) procedural amnesia E) anterograde amnesia

E) anterograde amnesia

The _________ brain wave pattern has a characteristic frequency of ____________. A) sleep spindle; 1-3 Hz B) theta; 12-14 Hz C) alpha; 13-30 Hz D) sleep spindle; less than 3.5 Hz E) theta; 3.5-7.5 Hz

E) theta; 3.5-7.5 Hz

TRUE/FALSE Motor learning is an example of declarative memory.

False

TRUE/FALSE People with Korsakoff's syndrome can form new memories, but are unable to remember events that occurred prior to their brain damage.

False

TRUE/FALSE REM sleep behavioral disorder is another name for sleepwalking.

False

TRUE/FALSE Sleep stages 3 and 4 are characterized by delta activity.

True

TRUE/FALSE In the bottlenose dolphin, slow-wave sleep occurs independently in the left and right hemispheres.

True

TRUE/FALSE REM sleep is characterized by the absence of muscle tone.

True

TRUE/FALSE Damage to the caudate nucleus/putamen impairs the learning of an instrumental task.

True

TRUE/FALSE Implicit memory is another name for non-declarative memory.

True

Which of the following is absent during REM sleep? A) eye movements B) dreaming C) genital changes associated with arousal D) EEG slow-wave activity E) muscle paralysis

D) EEF slow-wave activity

Which of the following is not a disorder of slow-wave sleep? A) somnambulism B) night terrors C) nocturnal enuresis D) cataplexy E) bedwetting

D) cataplexy

Which of the following is a reason why stage 4 is considered to be the deepest sleep stage? A) A person in this stage is easily roused by meaningful stimuli. B) A person who awakes from stage 1 is groggy and confused C) A person who awakes from this stage is alert and attentive D) Only very loud stimuli will awaken a person from stage 4 sleep E) Napping in stages 4 reduces the amount of sleep required per night

D) only very loud stimuli will awaken a person from stage 4 sleep

The primary symptom of narcolepsy is A) recurring nightmares B) abnormal slow-wave sleep C) dreaming while awake D) sleeping at inappropriate times E) sleep paralysis

D) sleeping at inappropriate times

The primary symptom of REM-sleep behavior disorder is (are) A) attacks of cataplexy B) a depressed mood upon awakening C) motor movements during slow-wave sleep D) the ability of a person to move during REM sleep E) loss of dreams during REM sleep

D) the ability of a person to move during REM sleep

A person who exhibits sudden paralysis while remaining conscious may be suffering from A) REM without atonia B) somnambulism C) a sleep attack D) situational insomnia E) an episode of cataplexy

E) an episode of cataplexy