psych ch. 11 36-53

standarization

the process of making something conform to a standard

self actualization

to become all they can be and that people can see the world as it is

collectivists and indivualists

Collectivists- tend to define themselves in terms of the groups to which the belong to and give priority to the groups goals indivualists- tend to define themselves in terms of their personal identity and give priority to their personal goals

MMPI

Minnesota Multiphasic personality inventory- used to diagnose psychological disorders

modeling/observational learning

Refers to acquiring knowledge by observing others

Rorschach and TAT

Rorschach- showed individuals inkblots and asked them what they look like TAT- thematic apperception test- drawings; subjects make up stories about them

what is self according to Rogers

Self- the center of experience and ongoing sense of who and what you are

aptitude

a natural ability or talent

unconditional positive regard

accept people as having merit regardless of their behavior at the moment

Frame of reference

unique ways of looking at ourselves and the world

existentialism

we are free to choose what we do in life

open ended and forced choice test

forced choice- respondents are asked to indicate which of two statements is truer for them or which of several statements they would prefer Open ended-those which require more thought and more than one simple answer

projective, objective and aptitude

objective- presents respondent with a standardized group of test items in the form of a questionnaire. Projective- there are no clear specified answers (Inkblots) Aptitude- aids in gaining insight into whether individuals are suited for certain occupations

objective and projective tests

objective- presents respondents with a standardized group of test items in the form of a questionaire projective- no specific answers

humanistic theory of personality

puts people and self awareness at the center. people are capable of free choice self fulfillment, ethical behavior

views of sociocultural theorists

aspects of culture, religion, race should be considered. Different cultural groups have different attitudes

conditions of worth

children begin to think that they only have merit if the behave as their parents wish

Rogers

Carl Rogers; self theory