Psych Ch 13 Ch 15 and Ch 16

Among older Korean Americans, approximately 14% polled felt that having a mentally ill family member would be passed on to that family member's children. be an untreatable, lifelong condition. bring shame to the family. be most aptly treated with psychotropic medications.

bring shame to the family.

The amount of time a client spends in psychotherapy is determined by the client's needs as well as his or her ________. personal goals insurance coverage age psychotherapist's training

personal goals

What do obsessive-compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, and hoarding disorder have in common? conviction that the patient herself is the cause of many people's troubles generalized anxiety and specific phobias obsession with the suffering of others repetitive thoughts and urges, as well as an uncontrollable need to engage in repetitive behavior and mental acts

repetitive thoughts and urges, as well as an uncontrollable need to engage in repetitive behavior and mental acts

What is meant by the term etiology? the cause of a disorder the different symptoms of a given condition likely future path of an illness frequency with which a given illness occurs

the cause of a disorder

Marlena tells her therapist that she often feels helpless and unable to accomplish her goals. Her therapist responds by acknowledging her feelings, restating what she has told him, and clarifying the feelings behind what Marlena is expressing. What aspect of client-centered therapy is this? active listening indirect empathy personal growth unconditional positive regard

active listening

Kaz wants to stop biting his nails, so he rubs a strong bitter paste under his nails to make his nails taste bad. What technique is Kaz using to stop biting his nails? flooding aversive conditioning systematic desensitization exposure therapy

aversive conditioning

What is comorbidity? co-occurrence of two disorders having two causes for a single disorder having two causes of death mental disorder leading to death

co-occurrence of two disorders

Which of the following is a drug that can be used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)? Adderall Clozaril Lithium Xanax

Adderall

________ disorders are characterized by excessive, persistent fear and worry that is accompanied by disturbances in behaviors. Anxiety Dissociative Affective Personality

Anxiety

What did the researchers, who identified the Hawthorne effect, see as evidence that employee performance was influenced by something other than the physical work conditions? Any change in a variable, such as lighting levels, led to an improvement in productivity; this was true even when the change was negative, such as a return to poor lighting. Employees who believed they were under observation performed the same as employees who did not believe they were under observation. Employees who knew they were being observed called in sick more often than employees who did not know they were being observed. Managers who told their subordinates they were under observation received more complaints than other managers.

Any change in a variable, such as lighting levels, led to an improvement in productivity; this was true even when the change was negative, such as a return to poor lighting.

Which principle underlies cognitive therapy? Behavior can be conditioned. How you think determines how you feel. Thoughts cannot be changed. Unconscious thoughts influence behavior.

How you think determines how you feel.

Which of the following is true regarding the accuracy and reliability of a job analysis? It can depend on the nature of the descriptions and the source for the job analysis. It is hardly ever accurate and reliable. It is most accurate when developed from descriptions by people holding the job. It is usually extremely accurate and reliable.

It can depend on the nature of the descriptions and the source for the job analysis.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of strengths-based management? Employees and managers disagree about manager strengths and weaknesses. Employees are often better than managers, even in areas where managers believe they are strong. Managers are unwilling to admit they have weaknesses. Managers neglect improving their weaknesses and overusing their strengths.

Managers neglect improving their weaknesses and overusing their strengths.

Which of the following is an example of a diathesis-stress model? Ozzie has a genetic predisposition towards depression, but he did not experience depression until his mother and father died. Ozzie treats his depression by exposing himself to a series of stressors so he can learn coping skills. Ozzie treats his manic episodes by using medication to induce depression. Ozzie's doctor does not believe that mental illness has a biological basis.

Ozzie has a genetic predisposition towards depression, but he did not experience depression until his mother and father died.

Cole spends a few weeks being treated for major depressive disorder. He eventually stops exhibiting symptoms, but a few months later they reoccur. Once again the symptoms dissipate, but a few months later they reoccur. Cole's major depressive disorder is ________? asymptomatic episodic limited in duration to a few weeks reoccurring every few months

episodic

Diana is assessing applicants for a pilot job at a regional airfield. She wrote the description of the ideal candidate, and now she is reviewing the personality profiles of the applicants to screen those who do not fit the profile. Diana is working in the specialty area of industrial-organizational psychology called ________ psychology. industrial organizational personality worker

industrial

During the therapist's first meeting with the client, called ________, the therapist gathers specific information to address the client's immediate needs. admission evaluation exposition intake

intake

Stavros is arrested for drunk driving. His prison sentence includes attending therapy sessions to treat alcohol addiction. He doesn't want to attend these sessions, but his sentence will be extended if he doesn't attend them. What kind of treatment does this describe? free association humanistic involuntary voluntary

involuntary

Isolation, a lack of job security, work overload, harassment, and bullying are all examples of factors that can lead to ________. age discrimination the Hawthorne effect job satisfaction job stress

job stress

Which brain region is believed to play a critical role in the development of symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder? anterior cortex cingulate cortex orbitofrontal cortex prefrontal cortex

orbitofrontal cortex

Halima is excellent at organizing events, but she is weak in delivering the opening address. She decides to focus on what she is good at and delegate the opening address to her immediate subordinate who excels in public speaking. Halima is practicing ________. strengths-based management theory X management transactional leadership transformational leadership

strengths-based management

What has research found to be the primary difference between male and female leadership style? Men are fascist and women are autocratic. Men focus on morale and women focus on achieving goals. Men tend to practice an interpersonal style and women practice a task-oriented style. Women tend to practice an interpersonal style and men practice a task-oriented style.

Women tend to practice an interpersonal style and men practice a task-oriented style.

Patients at Manderly Psychiatric Center are rewarded with chips when they engage in positive behaviors such as socializing with other patients. They can later exchange the chips for privileges, like extra TV time. This is an example of ________. classical conditioning client-centered therapy rational emotive therapy a token economy

a token economy

The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission is responsible for ________. compiling statistics about the pay gap between women and men enforcing federal laws that make it illegal to discriminate in the hiring of employees offering a database of job analyses for various occupations providing a comprehensive list of average salary and projected lifetime earnings for each occupation

enforcing federal laws that make it illegal to discriminate in the hiring of employees

In job specification, what does the acronym KSA stand for? knacks, services, aptitudes know, study, apply knowing, sensing, adapting knowledge, skills, abilities

knowledge, skills, abilities

Antipsychotic drugs, such as Haldol, are used to treat all of the following except ________. auditory hallucinations manic episodes paranoia visual hallucinations

manic episodes

Jarl makes several minor mistakes during his conversational French class. Instead of thinking, "everyone makes mistakes sometimes," he thinks, "I am so stupid." What kind of cognitive distortion is this? all-or-nothing thinking beating a dead horse jumping to conclusions overgeneralization

overgeneralization

Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring Cordelia's left arm. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing ________ disorder. panic bipolar posttraumatic stress schizotypal personality

posttraumatic stress

Which institutional setting replaced asylums in caring for the mentally ill? churches prisons psychiatric hospitals schools

psychiatric hospitals

Mental or behavioral acts that reduce anxiety in social situations, such as avoiding eye contact or rehearsing sentences before speaking are called ________. obsessions ruminations safety behaviors cognitive restructures

safety behaviors

Which of the following is the best example of a compulsion? Will cannot stop thinking about the exam that he has in chemistry tomorrow. Luke is wearing a bandage for longer than needed to make sure his cut is fully healed. Jean wears both sunglasses and a hat to keep the sun out of her eyes. Jordy locks his door exactly nine times every time he leaves the house to make sure it is locked.

Jordy locks his door exactly nine times every time he leaves the house to make sure it is locked.

Martha and Mikey go to meet with a psychotherapist and other parents to learn about their adult son's symptoms of schizophrenia. They spend time discussing the illness, learning to understand his challenges, and getting information about how to most effectively help him recover. This approach is called a ________ group. psychoanalytic structural self-help psychoeducational

psychoeducational

Phyllis cannot be alone. Her moods and behaviors are unstable, as are her relationships with other people. She often displays inappropriate and intense anger. Recently, Phyllis wrote a suicide note and offered to show it to her husband. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for her personality? antisocial personality disorder avoidant personality disorder borderline personality disorder schizotypal personality disorder

borderline personality disorder

Cultural competence is a therapist's understanding of, and attention to, ________. issues related to being a female therapist treating a male client issues related to whether the client is considered normal or deviant race, culture, and ethnicity in providing treatment treating everyone the same regardless of cultural background

race, culture, and ethnicity in providing treatment

Dr. Piccolo is working with a family and determines that the parents do not make rules together and often contradict each other. This leads to confusion among the children who act out because they don't understand what is expected of them in the home. She helps them to get "on the same page" with regard to each family member's place in the home and helps the parents work on their own relationship as co-parents. This is called ________ family therapy. strategic triangular structural humanistic

structural

According to research, what kind of job interview is most successful at predicting a candidate's later successful job performance? interviews that involved performance tests structured interviews 360-degree interviews unstructured interviews

structured interviews

A police or FBI SWAT team handling a hostage situation exemplifies a ________ team. creative problem-resolution tactical Theory X

tactical

What area are human factors psychologists researching when they study what steps people take to successfully wash their hands before performing surgery? attention cognitive engineering cognitive task analysis task analysis

task analysis

Melora has a sick child at home. Her employer allows her to ________ for a week, so she can work from home, set her own hours, and complete most of her work while caring for her child. flexwork telecommute teleconference work-share

telecommute

An organizational psychologist studies such topics as ________. an applicant's qualifications for a job the kind of mentality required to perform a job whether cubicles or an open floor plan are more conducive to productivity worker satisfaction, motivation, and commitment

worker satisfaction, motivation, and commitment

What does research suggest about gender diversity and team productivity? Gender-balanced teams performed better, as measured by sales and profits, than predominantly male teams. Gender-diverse teams are inefficient due to poor communication. Gender diversity has no impact on team productivity. Predominately male teams performed better, as measured by sales and profits, than gender-balanced teams.

Gender-balanced teams performed better, as measured by sales and profits, than predominantly male teams.

Nicole is socially inhibited and oversensitive to negative evaluation. She was thinking about a career in nursing, but she changed her mind because she believes the doctors would criticize her and patients would reject her. She has never been on a date because she feels socially inept and unappealing; she avoids meeting new people because anything less than immediate, unconditional acceptance causes her anxiety. Just yesterday she was invited to go on a kayak trip, but she didn't go because she was worried she would embarrass herself. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Nicole's personality? avoidant personality disorder dependent personality disorder obsessive-compulsive personality disorder schizotypal personality disorder

avoidant personality disorder

Which of the following is a common characteristic of all dissociative disorders? becoming split off, or separated, from one's core sense of self feeling sad and hopeless over a long period of time memory loss rapidly fluctuating mood

becoming split off, or separated, from one's core sense of self

Which of the following is not a risk factor for suicide? alcohol dependence history of previous suicide attempts being a fan of violent media (music, television shows, movies, etc.) have access to lethal weapons, such as firearms

being a fan of violent media (music, television shows, movies, etc.)

According to the textbook, which of these events would have the highest likelihood of causing posttraumatic stress disorder? a fire to one's home that left no remains being assaulted and robbed of your cash and credit cards surviving a hurricane that destroyed a city reading about the death of dozens of people in a terrible airplane crash

being assaulted and robbed of your cash and credit cards