Psych chapter 2

Which of the following statements most accurately reflects the American psychological Association's guidelines on openness in experimentation?

Experimenters can deceive subjects for a while but must reveal the true purpose of the experiment as soon as possible

Which of the following would be the best example of a spatial skill?

Following a path on a map; assembling a jigsaw puzzle

In a study on gender bias, male subjects would personally work for a female manager rated female candidate in the experiment

Higher than male candidates

A hypothesis

Is an objective statement of the results that an experimenter expects to find

Which of the following to be the most accurate conclusion about jet leg?

Jet leg is caused primarily by changes in the light-dark cycle during the flight

If a researcher wanted to find out the effects of taking a drug for 20 years, the researcher would most likely use

Longitudinal method

Which of the following would be the most accurate conclusion about the effects of the moon on mental health?

Lunacy is not influenced by phases of the moon.

Longitudinal research shows that

Mental abilities do not decline much with age

Experimenter Jane and subject bill at both involved in the same double blind study. Which of the following is true?

Neither Jane nor Bill knows if Bill is an experimental or control subject

Stanley has been taking pills for his headaches for 10 years. His wife finds out the pills have been placebos all along. Should she tell him?

No, because the pills, or Stanley's belief in the pills, can actually alter his brain chemistry

What conclusions can one draw from the results of the insomnia study described in chapter 2?

Sleeping pills will cause greater problems for the insomniac

There's a small island off the coast of zymopia where the villagers eat raw insects. Who is most likely to form a stereotype about one of the villagers?

Someone who has very little knowledge about zymopians

Which of the following is an advantage of using naturalistic observation over other methods of research?

Subjects will behave as they normally do

What is the main reason that psychologist sometimes conduct field experiments?

To create a more natural setting than the laboratory

If you wanted to use the cross sectional method to show the effects of various discipline styles on children, you would

Use a variety of age groups in your study

Which of the following is not a valid conclusion in the video game study?

Video game skills decline with age, especially for males

A representative sample of the population is taken

cross-sectional method

Why is it important to control or eliminate different variables when conducting an experiment?

for all of the above reasons

In an experiment, the experimenter needs to control the ____________ and then measure the ___________.

independent variable; dependent variable

Subjects may not be completely honest

interview or case study method

This is often used in child development studies

longitudinal method

Information is gathered without bias

psychological tests

What is the main difference between the experimental group and the control group?

the experimental group is exposed to the independent variable while the control group is not exposed

The survey method, if not used properly, would most likely include which of the following problems?

A and C only

Evidence suggest that in most psychological experiments

Animals are treated humanely

Signing Freud was a famous therapist who collected an enormous amount of information from several of his patients and used this information to help treat these patients. Freud used which method?

Case-study method

Why do placebos sometimes have an actual effect on the body?

Patients who take placebos may be influenced by suggestion and patients who take placebos sometimes expect to get better

Imagine that you are in charge of hiring applicants for your company. You conduct interviews, but you are afraid that your interpretations of the answers may not be objective. Which method would provide you with more objective information to supplement the interviews?

Psychological test

What is the independent variable in the following hypothesis: "people who are attractive tend to be rated as more qualified when applying for a job."

The level of attractiveness

Only 20% of your mail surveys are returned. Why might conclusions drawn from the surveys be flawed?

The people who returned the survey probably do not represent the general population

Which of the following is not one of the ethical guidelines for experimentation established by the American psychological Association?

Whenever possible, animal should be used in experiments instead of humans

Subjects can be themselves

naturalistic observation

Which of the following statements is most true about psychological studies?

one purpose of psychological studies is to provide scientific information about the causes of behavior