psych chp 1
A psychologist designs an experiment on the effects of exam preparation strategy on long-term memory. She randomly assigns college students to one of three groups in the experiment. Group 1 studies using visual information only. Group 2 studies using auditory information only. Group 3 does not study at all. The students follow the instructions for how they must study for four days to prepare for a 100-question multiple-choice exam. They all study the same chapter in the textbook and all take the same exam. Exam scores are then recorded. Categorize each item from the experiment as a dependent variable, an independent variable, or neither.
independent variable: the exam preparation study dependent variable: the student's score on the exam
functionalism
it is important to understand how the mind has adapted to perform certain tasks that allow us to survive
mind/mental behavior
thought, memory, experiencing sights and smells
casual research
- A group that consumed more caffeine showed less ability to focus than a group that consumed no caffeine. - A group that breathed pure oxygen had better test performance than a group that breathed normal air. - comparison between 2 groups--> casual
correlational research
- as pizza comsumption increases, so does the person's anger level - people who eat breakfast tend to have highere GPA - 2 variables change--> correlational
identify how a good psychologist views new claims in psychology
- friendly skepticism - use logic to evaluate evidence - critical thinking - considering if there are different explanations for the conclusion
Sean outperforms the other air traffic controllers. Through his tremendous focus and attention, he accurately detects three times as many potential space violations for traveling airplanes. Which neurotransmitters may be present at higher levels in Sean's brain?
- norepinephrine - acetylcholine
how do connections in the brain become strengthened
- repeated experiences, - stimulation of a bunch of neurons - repeated behaviors
alice is being tickled by her older sister. Since Alicia perceives the tickles as being uncomfortable, her heart is racing and she is moving about trying to escape. Which divisions of the nervous system are involved in her response to the tickling
- sympathetic - somatic - central
When Andrew proposes to Salman, Salman's heartbeat quickens, his pupils dilate, and his breath quickens. Which nervous system divisions are activating these responses?
- sympathetic - automatic - peripheral
gestalt
each person has a unique perception of an object as a whole
behavior
eating, mating, cooperation
When Harrison is walking home from work, he is accosted by a group of teens. Harrison sees them coming down the street at him, and he is energized. Adrenaline flows through his body, and he is able to escape the unruly group. This is an example of Harrison's central nervous system working closely with his ____ to give him the energy and awareness to escape.
endocine
People's faces provide lots of information for us, such as expressing emotion. Our brains have a specialized area, located near the primary visual cortex, for recognizing and identifying faces. What is this area called?
fusiform face area
a person is suffering from a dehabilitating anxiety
gaba antagonist serotonin antagonist
structuralism
an experience can be looked at by looking at the individual pieces that make it up
Psychoanalytic
behavior is influenced by conflicts in the unconscious mind
cognitive
behavior is influenced by people's intelligence, thoughts, and memory- not just the rewards and punishments they recieve
complete the passage about functionalism
Functionalism began with William James, who argued that structuralism's emphasis on the mind's component parts left out the mind's role in enabling us to adapt to our environment. This view drew inspiration from Charles Darwin's theory of evolution through natural selection.
