Psych Exam 4 Quizzes

a large frontal lesion in the left hemisphere can produce what type of aphasia

Broca's

In ERP studies of normal subjects, it has been found that a grammatically correct sentence containing a word whose meaning does not fit into the sentence provokes a(n) _______ wave from the _______ lobe.

N400, temporoparietal

a patient speaks in a fluent manner, although her speech contains many paraphasias that make it unintelligible. She also demonstrates poor comprehension of verbal material. This patient is most likely suffering from _______ aphasia.

Wernicke's

H.M. suffered what most striking impairment

anterograde amnesia

when is information filtered out in early-selection models of attention?

at the level of sensory input

in most split-brain patients, words presented to the left visual field

cannot be repeated verbally

what is an area of gray matter within the white matter of the forebrain, and is thought to play an important role in generating the experience of being conscious

claustrum

The challenge facing researchers who seek to study the functions of the two brain hemispheres is that the hemispheres have many connections and function as one. The solution to this has been to study split-brain patients in which the _______ has been cut, thereby separating the connection between the hemispheres.

corpus callosum

the amygdala is directly involved in

fear conditioning

what brain areas are implicated in K.C.'s inability to recall autobiographical details of his life from years before the accident

frontal and parietal cortex

which region of the cortex is crucial for facial recognition

fusiform gyrus

P3 component of auditory processing is associated with

higher order cognitive processing of stimuli

place cells are located in the

hippocampus

what is one of the revealing finds of neuroeconomics

humans are risk-adverse

in infants, the left planum temporale is larger than the right, suggesting that

humans have an inborn neural mechanism for language

what does the subject do in a delayed non-matching-to-sample task in monkeys

identifies an unfamiliar object in a pair of objects

what is the attentional phenomenon called that happens when a viewer closely attends to one task and misses other nonattended stimuli

inattentional blindness

what likely evolved because it prevents reflexive attention from settling on unimportant stimuli for more than an instant, a reaction that would be adaptive in animals foraging for food and/or scanning for predators

inhibition of return

PET scans of brain activation during progressively more complex language processing tasks showed _______ in Broca's area as compared to activation during simple word repetition or reading aloud.

marked activation

patients like H.M. can learn to read mirror-reversed text even though they don't remember practicing it demonstrates that their problem is not in learning verbal material but in forming what type of memories

new declarative memories

diminished social insight, distractibility and emotional liability are associated with injuries to what cortex

orbitofrontal

attention in which the focus coincides with the individuals sensory orientation is called ________ attention

overt

change in the processing of a stimulus due to prior exposure to the same or similar stimuli is referred to as

priming

what type of non-declarative memory is not effected by damage to basal ganglia

priming

people with conduction aphasia are unable to

repeat words or sentences

knowing the meaning of a word without knowing when or where you learned it is what type of memory

semantic

compared to animals in impoverished conditions, those in enriched conditions have heavier brains due to increased thickness of ___

the cortex

what does the hard problem of consciousness refer to understanding

the neural processes that result in a persons unique and subjective experience

consistent with the motor theory of speech perception, deaf people who use American Sign Language use _______ language-related regions of the left hemisphere as hearing people who use spoken language do.

the same

in a symbolic cuing task, _______ attention is shown to enhance processing, reducing reaction time to the stimulus, and _________ cues decrease reaction time the most

voluntary, valid