Psych- learnsmart chapter 15: Psychological Disorders

"Blank" behavior is behavior that is deviant, maladaptive, or personally distressful over a relatively long period of time.

Abnormal

True or false: An estimated 80 million people in the U.S. will experience a diagnosable psychological disorder.

False

True or false: According to the National Institute of Mental Health, in 2016, suicide was the tenth leading cause of death in the country.

True

Post-traumatic stress disorder and "Blank" disorders are both disorders that involve trauma.

dissociative or dissociate

Tabitha shared about her day visiting a local art museum with her family, but showed no emotion. Her affect could be described as ______.

flat

Obsessions are ______ thoughts.

recurrent

An estimated ______ million U.S. adults suffer from a diagnosable psychological disorder in a given year.

43.6

Which of the following exemplifies obsessive-compulsive disorder?

Anne has intrusive thoughts that something bad might happen to her family if she doesn't double check all of the locks on the doors and windows.

"Blank" personality disorder is characterized by guiltlessness, law-breaking, exploitation of others, irresponsibility, and deceit.

Antisocial or Anti-social

______ is a psychological disorder characterized by lack of guilt, law-breaking, exploitation of others, irresponsibility, and deceit.

Antisocial personality disorder

"Blank" disorders are psychological disorders that feature fears that are uncontrollable, disproportionate to the actual danger the person might be in, and disruptive of ordinary life.

Anxiety

Which of the following are psychological factors that can contribute to suicide?

Anxiety Stress Depression

In which type of disorder do feelings of apprehension or tension occur without an obvious external cause, affecting daily functioning?

Anxiety disorders

Which disorder refers to a neurodevelopmental disorder that involves persistent deficits in social interaction and communication, restrictive repetitive behaviors, interests, and activities?

Autism spectrum disorder

"Blank" "Blank" disorder refers to a range of neurodevelopmental disorders involving impaired social interaction and communication, repetitive behavior, and restricted interests.

Blank 1: Autism Blank 2: spectrum

"Blank" "Blank" disorder consists of persistent anxiety for at least 6 months, and the individual with this disorder cannot specify the reasons for the anxiety.

Blank 1: Generalized or General Blank 2: anxiety

"Blank"-"Blank" - disorder (OCD) involves anxiety-provoking thoughts that will not go away and/or urges to perform repetitive, ritualistic behaviors to prevent or produce some future situation.

Blank 1: Obsessive Blank 2: compulsive

"Blank" "Blank" disorder is characterized by an intense fear of being embarrassed in a social situation.

Blank 1: Social Blank 2: anxiety

The two types of mood disorders are "Blank" and "Blank" disorders.

Blank 1: depressive or bipolar Blank 2: bipolar or depressive

A "Blank" "Blank" is an anxiety disorder in which the individual has an irrational, overwhelming, persistent fear of a particular object or situation.

Blank 1: specific, phobic, or simple Blank 2: phobia, disorder, or phobia

"Blank" personality disorder characterizes individuals who are often emotionally unstable, impulsive, unpredictable, irritable, and anxious.

Borderline

Helen has a history of unstable interpersonal relationships, is highly emotional, and has been described as impulsive in a variety of contexts since she was 20. Which personality disorder could help best explain these symptoms?

Borderline personality disorder

Which of the following situations describes the definition of a phobia?

Brent is deathly afraid of spiders, and this is a problem for him because he repairs heating systems.

"Blank" is an extreme motor symptom of schizophrenia that involves being immobile and unresponsive.

Catatonic or Catatonia

"Blank" are firmly held, unshakable beliefs with no basis in reality and they commonly occur with schizophrenia.

Delusions

_____ are false, unusual, and sometimes magical beliefs that are not part of an individual's culture.

Delusions

Which of the following are examples of positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

Delusions Hallucinations

Which of the following are the main types of mood disorders?

Depressive disorders Bipolar disorders

"Blank" disorders are psychological disorders that involve a sudden loss of memory or change in identity.

Dissociative or Dissociate

True or false: Schizophrenia is caused exclusively by biological factors.

False

What disorder is characterized by long-term, persistent anxiety, and uncontrollable worry?

Generalized anxiety disorder

Which of the following are biological factors of suicide? Select all that apply.

Genetic factors Low levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin Poor physical health

"Blank" are sensory experiences that occur in the absence of real stimuli.

Hallucinations

What are the main features of major depressive disorder?

Hopelessness Depressed mood and lack of interest Loss of energy

______ is the erroneous impression that individuals who suffer from psychological disorders are prone to violence.

Illusory correlation

Which of the following are exhibited by an individual when diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

Impulsivity Hyperactivity Inattention

Which of the following reflect the American Psychiatric Association's definition of abnormality? (Select all that apply.)

It is a mental illness. It manifests itself as affecting the way that a person thinks, behaves, and interacts with others.

Andrea has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. She has a persistent delusion that she is the Virgin Mary. What is the best description for her delusion?

It is a positive symptom.

Which of the following statements are true regarding the DSM-5?

It is published by the American Psychiatric Association. It was approved in 2013.

Which of the following disorders would be categorized as a mood disorder, indicated by characteristics such as lethargy and hopelessness, lasting at least 2 weeks?

Major depressive disorder

Which of the following are most likely categorized as depressive disorders?

Major depressive disorder Persistent depressive disorder

"Blank" disorders typically manifest in childhood and are linked to genetic variations, abnormal brain development, or prenatal exposure to toxins that adversely affect development.

Neurodevelopmental or Neurodevelopment

______ is a disorder that develops through exposure to a traumatic event, severely oppressive situations, severe abuse, and natural and unnatural disasters.

PTSD

"Blank" disorders are chronic, maladaptive cognitive-behavioral patterns that are thoroughly integrated into an individual's identity.

Personality

"Blank" factors that can contribute to suicide include psychological disorders and traumatic experiences.

Psychological

Barry has been experiencing perceptions and thoughts that are removed from reality. He is experiencing _______.

Psychosis

"Blank" refers to a state in which a person's perceptions and thoughts are fundamentally removed from reality.

Psychosis, Sychosis, or Psykosis

The DSM-5, also known as the Diagnostic and "Blank" Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition, was approved in 2013 by the American Psychiatric Association.

Statistical

Identify true statements about attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Symptoms for ADHD must occur before age 12 and appear across a variety of settings. In the United States, ADHD is one of the most common psychological disorders of childhood. ADHD predicts lower academic performance and poorer peer relations.

True or false: Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder that is characterized by extreme mood swings.

True

True or false: The incidence of suicide tends to run in families.

True

Which of the following are symptoms of major depression?

Weight loss Trouble sleeping Feeling worthless

The term "flat affect" refers to

a general lack of emotion

The term "catatonia" refers to

a state of immobility

Social anxiety disorder is characterized by

an intense fear of social situations

Recurrent thoughts about washing one's hands is an example of

an obsession

Which of the following are considered neurodevelopmental disorders?

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder autism spectrum disorder

Abnormal behavior can be defined in many ways, some of which are:

behavior that is maladaptive behavior that is distressful behavior that is deviant

The "Blank" approach to psychological disorders attributes disorders to organic, internal causes.

biological

Schizophrenia can have "Blank", psychological, and environmental causes.

biological or genetic

The mood disorder characterized by extreme mood swings that include one or more episodes of mania is known as

bipolar disorder.

Reasons for variations in suicide rates include the degree to which there are _____ and _____ norms against it.

cultural; religious

A situation in which a person suffers from an unrelenting lack of pleasure in life is a(n) ______ disorder.

depressive

Biological views of psychological disorders fall into three main categories:

genetic factors neurotransmitter functioning brain structures

People with schizophrenia may have ______, the experience of perceiving things that do not actually exist.

hallucinations

The erroneous impression that individuals who suffer from psychological disorders are prone to violence is an example of a(n) "Blank" correlation.

illusory

For the past three weeks, Amin has felt lethargic, had problems sleeping and making decisions, lost pleasure and interest in activities he previously enjoyed, and has had feelings of worthlessness. The most likely diagnosis for Amin is

major depressive disorder.

Dissociation is thought to be a person's way of dealing with extreme stress by

mentally protecting the conscious self from the traumatic event.

"Blank" disorder is an anxiety disorder marked by recurrent sudden onsets of intense apprehension or terror.

panic

______ occurs when a person experiences recurrent, sudden onsets of intense terror, often without warning and with no specific cause.

panic disorder

Rick has been distressed over a long period of time. He has had problems coping with life and relating to people. He tries to avoid meeting people, as he thinks his breathing can be dangerous for others. He also believes that washing his face seven times an hour will keep him healthy. Rick meets all the criteria for abnormal behavior, which is defined as involving

personal distress, maladaptive behavior, and deviance.

Which of the following are disorders that involve trauma?

post-traumatic stress disorder dissociative identity disorder

A disorder that develops through exposure to a traumatic event that has overwhelmed the person's ability to cope is called

post-traumatic stress disorder.

It is a vital part in eliminating stigma to

recognize the strengths of a person with a mental illness.

A person with schizophrenia can exhibit "Blank" thinking, which means ascribing personal meaning to a completely random event.

referential

Trisha attributed pink neon lights at a local gas station on her way to her therapist's office and her therapist's pink water bottle as signs she was safe and could trust her therapist. This thought process is considered

referential thinking

Mark is 18 years old and approaching finals in his first semester of college. He's been under a lot of stress lately and has been experiencing odd sensory experiences like hearing voices and seeing shadows in his peripheral vision. Recently, his friends noticed he was having some bizarre and disorganized thoughts. He seems confused, but wasn't under the influence of any drugs. Which psychological disorder could explain his symptoms?

schizophrenia

A personality disorder is characterized by

set of inflexible, maladaptive behavior patterns that keep a person from functioning appropriately in society

A way to eliminate the "Blank" of psychological disorders is to recognize that those with psychological disorders have strengths to offer.

stigma or stereotyping

According to the National Institute of Mental Health, in 2016, suicide was the ______ leading cause of death in the country for all ages.

tenth

A "Blank" disorder refers to unusual, sometimes bizarre thought processes.

thought