Psych Practice Final
Even though it was nearly dark outside, Kaci could still tell that the basketball she was playing with was orange. Which of the following concepts is best illustrated in this example?
Color constancy
When Rocco views the image above, he sees it as a 13 when it is part of a larger number but as a B when it is part of a word. Rocco's response shows the importance of what perceptual concept?
Context effects
Which of the following scenarios most clearly describes the effects of a strong kinesthetic sense?
Being able to locate where a sound is coming from
People who are color blind most likely have deficiencies in their
cones
Eleanor Gibson and her colleagues have used the visual cliff to measure an infant's ability to perceive
depth
A person is asked to listen to a series of tones presented in pairs, and asked to say whether the tones in each pair are the same or different in pitch. In this situation the experimenter is most likely measuring the individual's
difference threshold
An individual's ability to focus on a particular conversation in a noisy and crowded room is called
selective attention
Balance is influenced by the
semicircular canals
People listening to rock music played backward often perceive an evil message if specifically told what to listen for. That phenomenon best illustrates
top-down processing
Which of the following refers to the just-noticeable difference between two stimuli?
Difference threshold
In the figure above, what letter corresponds to the nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain?
E
Martin fell off his skateboard and badly bruised his elbow. He immediately began rubbing the area around the bruise until the pain subsided. This method of reducing pain can be explained by which of the following?
Gate-control theory
Damage to which of the following best explains conduction deafness?
Hammer, anvil, and stirrup
Which of the following scenarios best demonstrates a context effect?
Jeannette does better on her exam when she takes it in the same room where she studies.
Ana injured her eye in an accident and has to wear a patch over the eye while it heals. Which of the following cues would she best be able to use to make judgments about the distance objects are from her?
Linear perspective
Feature detectors are neurons that are turned on or off by specific features of visual stimuli like edges and movement. Where in the visual system are these feature detectors located?
Occipital cortex
A person with sight in only one eye lacks which of the following visual cues for seeing in depth?
Retinal disparity
Which of the following refers to the transformation of stimulus energy into neural impulses?
Transduction
One-year-old Marcus turns away in disgust if a bitter substance is placed on his tongue. The reason for such a reaction is most likely
an inborn distaste for bitter that protects us from potential poisons in the environment
A sound is often detected by one ear more intensely and a fraction of a second earlier than it is detected by the other ear. These cues help individuals determine the
location of the source
To study the effects of smoking on sense of smell, a researcher would most likely conduct a
longitudinal study on 100 smokers and a matched sample of 100 nonsmokers to determine whether the smokers' sense of smell declined more over time than the nonsmokers' did
In the dark, an object is more clearly seen when viewed in peripheral vision than when viewed directly. This phenomenon occurs because the rods located in the retina are
more sensitive in the dark than cones and are not found in the fovea
After Sharon stares at a patch of saturated green color for a brief period of time, she looks at a white surface and sees a red patch of color. This perceptual phenomenon is best explained by
opponent-process theory
In visual perception, size constancy occurs as an object comes closer to the viewer because the
perceived distance of the object becomes smaller
In vision, transduction occurs within the
retina
After spending hours in her kitchen preparing dinner, Rebecca no longer notices the strong smell of garlic until her guests arrive and mention the smell. Her failure to notice the smell of garlic illustrates
sensory adaptation