psych practice unit 3

When a pair of lights flashing in quick succession seems to an observer to be one light moving from place to place, the effect is referred to as

the phi phenomenon

what is retinal disparity?

the slight difference between the right and left retinal images

Which study is a researcher who wants to draw correct cause-and-effect conclusions about the sense of smell likely to conduct?

A study in which the researcher randomly assigns 50 people to a group that is exposed to a strong smell of roses and 50 people to a group that experiences an odor-free environment to see whether the group exposed to the strong smell of roses reports experiencing more memories. Answer A

Which of the following supports the opponent-process theory of color vision?

Afterimages

A researcher studied 30 people ages twenty to forty, 30 people ages forty-one to sixty, and 30 people ages sixty-one to eighty. The researcher set up two rooms—one with a faint rose smell, and one with a faint lemon smell. Each participant was asked to enter each room and identify the smell in the room. What research method did the researcher use, and what outcome would be found?

Cross-sectional. As people age, their sense of smell diminishes, especially in older age.

Which of the following is true about the blind spot in the eye?

It occurs where the optic nerve leaves the eye

what statement about the perception of taste is true

Older adults frequently experience decreases in the sense of smell that make it more difficult to perceive the flavor of food

what is a binocular cue for depth perception?

Retinal disparity

Ernst Weber's and Gustav Fechner's psychophysical laws concern the relation between which of the following?

The intensity of a stimulus and its corresponding psychological sensation

Consider the relationship between various body parts and the size of their corresponding somatosensory cortex areas in the brain. How does a body part relate to the devoted cortical area?

The more sensitive the body part, the larger the area of the somatosensory cortex

what are bipolar cells?

Bipolar cells are a type of nerve cells that combine the impulses from many of the visual receptor cells in the retina and then transmits those impulses to the ganglion cells

Which of the following is true regarding visual information processing?

Bipolar cells relay information to ganglion cells that form the optic nerve.

The coiled tube in the inner ear that contains the auditory receptors is called the

cochlea

When viewed from the window of a moving train, nearby objects seem to pass by more quickly than do more distant objects. This cue for depth perception is called

motion parallax

After Sharon stares at a patch of saturated green color for a brief period of time, she looks at a white surface and sees a red patch of color. This perceptual phenomenon is best explained by

opponent-process theory

In visual perception, size constancy occurs as an object comes closer to the viewer because the

perceived distance of the object becomes smaller

Using cell phones while driving increases the number of accidents because use of the phones requires

selective attention

As you watch a friend walk away from you, your retinal image of your friend gets smaller. Despite this, you do not perceive him to be shrinking. This is an example of

size constancy

The thalamus processes information for all of the following senses EXCEPT

smell

While at a crowded gathering, Zach realized that his attention was being drawn away from his conversation every time a person nearby said the word "exactly." Zach's response is an example of

the cocktail party effect

The general function of the bones in the middle ear is to

transfer sound information from the tympanic membrane to the oval window